Search

CN-121975534-A - Method for improving solubility of long-carbon-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant based on polyhydroxy-containing rosin-based cosolvent

CN121975534ACN 121975534 ACN121975534 ACN 121975534ACN-121975534-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the solubility of a long carbon chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant based on a polyhydroxy-containing rosin-based cosolvent, and belongs to the field of surfactant science. The method of the invention adds rosin-based cosolvent ) The solubility of the long-carbon chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant at a lower temperature can be obviously increased, so that the long-carbon chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant can keep a dissolved state for a long time without precipitation, and the surface activity of the surfactant can be increased. The cosolvent overcomes the defect of poor solubility of the long-carbon-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, and expands the application of the long-carbon-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant in various fields of bactericides and fracturing fluids.

Inventors

  • PEI XIAOMEI
  • SONG BINGLEI
  • ZHANG JINPENG
  • CHEN HAO

Assignees

  • 江南大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260109

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for improving the solubility of a long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant at a lower temperature is characterized by adding a rosin-based cosolvent shown in a formula (I) and the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant for compounding; Formula (I).
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lower temperature is 10-30 ℃.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the long chain quaternary ammonium surfactant is octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the long chain quaternary ammonium surfactant to rosin-based co-solvent is (2-4): 1.
  5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of the long chain quaternary ammonium surfactant to rosin-based co-solvent is 3:1.
  6. 6. A high concentration long chain quaternary ammonium surfactant aqueous solution product formed by the method of any one of claims 1-5.
  7. 7. The aqueous long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant solution product according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant is not less than 5wt%.
  8. 8. Use of the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant aqueous solution product according to claim 6 or 7 in detergents, foods, cosmetics, petroleum industry, pharmaceutical preparation and environmental protection.
  9. 9. Use of the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant aqueous solution product according to claim 6 or 7 in the preparation of bactericides.
  10. 10. Use of the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant aqueous solution product according to claim 6 or 7 in the preparation of fracturing fluid.

Description

Method for improving solubility of long-carbon-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant based on polyhydroxy-containing rosin-based cosolvent Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of surfactant science, and particularly relates to a method for improving the solubility of a long-carbon-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant based on a polyhydroxy-containing rosin-based cosolvent. Background The surfactant is a functional fine chemical product, consists of hydrophilic ionic groups or nonionic groups and hydrophobic tail chains, has various functions of solubilization, emulsification, wetting, foam and the like, and plays an important role in various fields of detergents, foods, cosmetics, petroleum industry, medicine, environmental protection and the like. Surfactants can be classified into cationic, anionic and nonionic types depending on whether they are charged or the kind of charge. Currently, quaternary ammonium surfactants are an important species of cationic surfactants, and are mainly used in softeners for synthetic and natural fibers, antistatic agents, anti-blocking agents for fertilizers, crop herbicides, metal anticorrosive agents, and the like. However, quaternary ammonium surfactants containing longer hydrophobic chains have higher Krafft points and poor water solubility at room temperature. For example, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (STAC) has a solubility of only 1.759 mg/L at 25 ℃, which presents difficulties for such surfactant applications. The solubility is usually improved by adding an organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol. However, the addition of organic solvents reduces the original aggregation properties of the surfactant on the one hand and increases the cost on the other hand. Therefore, how to improve the solubility of quaternary ammonium surfactants at lower temperatures without affecting the normal function of the surfactant is a concern for those skilled in the art. Disclosure of Invention Technical problems: Quaternary ammonium surfactants are widely used in various fields, but as the carbon chain length increases, the kraft point increases, and the solubility at room temperature becomes poor, limiting their use. The technical scheme is as follows: Rosin is a special and important forestry resource in China, has the advantages of reproducibility, biodegradability, low price and the like, and a substance synthesized by the rosin has obvious resource advantages and better ecological performance. The rosin contains isomerised substances such as levopimaric acid, abietic acid, palustric acid, neoabietic acid and the like, and the levopimaric acid is used as a main component under the heating condition. The invention takes levopimaric acid as raw material, and obtains a rosin cosolvent containing multiple carboxyl groups, namely trisodium maleopimaric acid (MPA 3 Na), through D-A reaction and alkalization reaction. MPA3Na shows excellent solubilization effect when being compounded with a long carbon chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, under the action of MPA3Na with a molar quantity of 1/3, 5wt% of STAC can be kept in a dissolved state at 15 ℃ without precipitation, and the CMC of a compounded system formed by MPA3Na and STAC is only 1/10 of that of STAC. The first aim of the invention is to provide a method for improving the solubility of a long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant at a lower temperature, which is to add a rosin-based cosolvent shown in a formula (I) and the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant for compounding; Formula (I). In one embodiment, the lower temperature is 10-30 ℃. Including 10 ℃, 15 ℃,20 ℃, 25 ℃ and 30 ℃. In one embodiment, the rosin-based co-solvent is hereinafter referred to as MPA3Na. In one embodiment, the rosin-based co-solvent is synthesized as follows: 。 in one embodiment, the step of synthesizing the compound comprises: (1) The rosin undergoes isomerization reaction at 160 ℃, and abietic acid, palustric acid, neoabietic acid and the like are all converted into thermodynamically stable levopimaric acid; (2) D-A reaction is carried out on the levopimaric acid and maleic anhydride at 160 ℃ to generate maleic pimaric anhydride; (3) The maleopimaric anhydride is hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions to produce trisodium maleopimaric acid. In one embodiment, the specific synthetic procedure for the compound is as follows: Synthesis of Maleipimaric anhydride 60.49g (0.2 mol) of abietic acid and 23.53g (0.24 mol) of maleic anhydride were weighed and placed in a three-necked flask, acetic acid was added as a solute, and after mechanical stirring, the temperature was raised to 160 ℃ for reaction for 6h. After the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain crude maleopimaric anhydride. The crude product is recrystallized twice by acetic acid, and the pure product is obtained after drying, and the yield is 42.5%. The synthesis of trisodium maleopimaric a