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CN-121975550-A - Method and equipment for processing and producing second-class base oil by taking first-class base oil regenerated by waste lubricating oil as raw material

CN121975550ACN 121975550 ACN121975550 ACN 121975550ACN-121975550-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for processing and producing a second type of base oil by taking a first type of base oil regenerated by waste lubricating oil as a raw material, and belongs to the technical field of regenerated lubricating oil. The method comprises the steps of carrying out atmospheric and vacuum distillation and NMP solvent refining, regenerating waste lubricating oil into qualified base oil serving as a special raw material, preheating the raw material to 60-80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, introducing the raw material into an adsorption column at the flow rate of 0.5-2.0BV/h, enabling the raw material to sequentially pass through a macroporous silica gel layer (particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm) and an active white soil layer (mass ratio of 2:1) with specific parameters, carrying out deep synergistic adsorption refining, introducing the refined oil into a storage tank, applying vacuum to suck residual oil in the column into the tank, and carrying out heat preservation sedimentation and precise filtration to obtain the second base oil. The invention realizes the high added value upgrading of the waste lubricating oil under the mild non-hydrogenation condition, and has the comprehensive advantages of high process efficiency, high product yield, stable quality, low energy consumption and low cost.

Inventors

  • LI XUAN

Assignees

  • 英利普(安徽)润滑油有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260324

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The method for processing and producing the second base oil by using the first base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as the raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preparing a base oil raw material, namely performing normal pressure-reduced pressure distillation on waste lubricating oil to obtain distillate oil, performing contact extraction on the distillate oil and an NMP solvent, and separating to obtain raffinate; S2, producing second-class base oil, namely preheating the first-class base oil to 60-80 ℃, introducing the preheated first-class base oil into an adsorption column, enabling the first-class base oil to sequentially flow through a macroporous silica gel layer and an activated white clay layer filled in the adsorption column from top to bottom, wherein the particle size of silica gel in the macroporous silica gel layer is 0.1-1.5mm, the mass ratio of the macroporous silica gel to the activated clay is 2:1, introducing refined oil flowing out of the adsorption column into a storage tank positioned below the storage tank, vacuumizing the storage tank, pumping residual oil in the adsorption column into the storage tank under the absolute pressure of 20-80kPa, and guiding the refined oil out of the storage tank to obtain the second-class base oil.
  2. 2. The method for processing and producing the second-class base oil by using the first-class base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the contact extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃, the mass ratio of the NMP solvent to the distillate is (1-1.5): 1, the waste lubricating oil is subjected to sedimentation and filtration pretreatment before distillation, and in the step S1, the distillation is carried out at the normal pressure distillation at the temperature of 170-190 ℃.
  3. 3. The method for processing and producing the second-class base oil by using the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that in the step S2, the preheating is performed under the protection of nitrogen, in the step S2, the flow rate of the first-class base oil flowing through an adsorption column is 0.5-2.0BV/h, the operating pressure of the adsorption column is 0.1-0.2MPa, the adsorption temperature is maintained at 60-80 ℃, the specific surface area of the macroporous silica gel is 300-400m 2 /g, and the pore diameter is 50-100nm.
  4. 4. The method for producing the second-class base oil by using the first-class base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, after vacuumizing, the temperature in the storage tank is maintained at 50-60 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, the fallen adsorbent particles are settled, and the refined oil is subjected to precise filtration after being exported.
  5. 5. The method for processing and producing the second-class base oil by using the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is characterized in that in the step S2, the thickness of the macroporous silica gel layer is 0.8-1.5m, the thickness of the active white soil layer is 0.4-0.75m, a collecting redistributor is further arranged between the macroporous silica gel layer and the active white soil layer by the adsorption column, the particle size of the macroporous silica gel is 0.5-1.0mm, and the preheating temperature is 65-75 ℃ in the step S2.
  6. 6. The method for producing the second-class base oil by processing the first-class base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein when the performance of the exported second-class base oil is reduced, the adsorption operation is stopped, the adsorption column is purged by nitrogen, and then the adsorbent is desorbed and regenerated by introducing hot nitrogen at 180-200 ℃.
  7. 7. An apparatus for producing a second base oil from a base oil regenerated from a used lubricating oil, characterized by comprising a pretreatment and distillation unit, a solvent refining and recovery unit, and an adsorption refining unit connected in this order; the adsorption refining unit includes: A preheater for preheating a base oil of the type from the solvent refining and recovery unit to 60-80 ℃; The adsorption-storage integrated equipment is of a vertical structure and sequentially comprises an adsorption column and a storage tank communicated with the adsorption column from top to bottom; The top of the adsorption column is provided with a feed inlet which is connected with the preheater, and the inside of the adsorption column is sequentially provided with a distributor, a macroporous silica gel layer, a collection redistributor and an active white soil layer from top to bottom; An interface for connecting a vacuum system is arranged above the storage tank, and a product outlet is arranged below the storage tank; and a product line for conducting refined oil away.
  8. 8. The equipment for processing and producing the second-class base oil by taking the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is characterized in that the distributor is a porous plate distributor, the collecting redistributor is of a seal head structure with a central round hole and a circular seam at the bottom, and stainless steel screens are arranged at the bottoms of the macroporous silica gel layer and the active white soil layer.
  9. 9. The equipment for processing and producing the second-class base oil by taking the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is disclosed in claim 7, is characterized in that the pretreatment and distillation unit comprises a settling tank, a plate-and-frame filter press and an atmospheric and vacuum distillation device, the solvent refining and recovery unit comprises a suction filtration extraction tank and a distillation recovery tower, the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device comprises a horizontal distillation kettle provided with a jacket type heat conduction oil heating device, the distillation recovery tower is a packed tower provided with a jacket type heating device, and the suction filtration extraction tank is of a vertical structure provided with an anchor type stirring paddle and a heat preservation layer.
  10. 10. The equipment for processing and producing the second-class base oil by taking the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is disclosed in claim 7, is characterized in that a precise filter is arranged on a product pipeline, the equipment further comprises a PLC control system connected with a preheater, an adsorption-storage integrated device, a vacuum system and valves, an insulating layer is arranged outside the adsorption column, and the preheater is a shell-and-tube preheater heated by using the waste heat of an atmospheric and vacuum distillation device.

Description

Method and equipment for processing and producing second-class base oil by taking first-class base oil regenerated by waste lubricating oil as raw material Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of regenerated lubricating oil, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for processing and producing a second type of base oil by taking a first type of base oil regenerated by waste lubricating oil as a raw material. Background The lubricating oil is used as an indispensable matching product in the fields of industrial production and transportation, and can be aged and deteriorated due to high-temperature oxidation, mechanical abrasion, impurity mixing and the like in the use process to form waste lubricating oil. At present, the method for preparing the base oil by regenerating the waste lubricating oil mainly comprises an acid washing method, a distillation method, a solvent extraction method, an adsorption method, a hydrogenation refining method and the like. The base oil is characterized by the core difference of refining depth and physical and chemical properties, wherein the saturated hydrocarbon content of the base oil is less than 90%, the sulfur content is more than or equal to 0.03%, the viscosity index is between 80 and 120, the performance is limited, the base oil is mainly used for preparing middle-low end lubricating oil, the saturated hydrocarbon content of the base oil is more than or equal to 90%, the sulfur content is less than 0.03%, the viscosity index is between 80 and 120, and the base oil has better thermal stability, oxidation resistance and low-temperature fluidity, and can be used for preparing middle-high end lubricating oil. In the prior art, the method for upgrading the first base oil into the second base oil mainly comprises a hydrofinishing method and a deep solvent refining method. The deep solvent refining method needs repeated extraction-distillation procedures for many times, and has complex process, high production cost and poor product performance stability. The patent application with publication number CN106967457A discloses a refining process for producing lubricating oil base oil by using waste engine oil, which adopts the steps of degumming by metal salt, refining by high Wen Baitu (140-200 ℃) and clarifying by macroporous silica gel, wherein the macroporous silica gel is only used as a clarifying agent and the clay is used at high temperature, and the patent application with publication number CN118085952A discloses a regeneration treatment method for waste lubricating oil, adopts modified attapulgite adsorption and two times of hydrofining, and relates to a hydrogenation process, and the adsorbent is a single modified mineral. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, an integrated method and special equipment which are simple in process, low in energy consumption, safe, reliable and environment-friendly and can realize the collaborative optimization of the base oil of the regeneration type of the waste lubricating oil and the base oil of the upgrading type of the base oil are developed, the problems of poor solvent selectivity, poor adsorption effect, process stacking, unstable product performance and the like in the prior art are solved, the efficient and low-cost preparation of the base oil of the type is realized, and the method has important practical significance and industrial application value. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for processing and producing a second-class base oil by taking a first-class base oil regenerated by waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which aims to solve the problems that the waste lubricating oil regenerated oil in the prior art has low added value, cannot produce the second-class base oil, has poor adsorption refining effect and low oil yield. The second purpose of the invention is to provide a device for processing and producing the second base oil by taking the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as a raw material, which is used for implementing the method for processing and producing the second base oil by taking the base oil regenerated by the waste lubricating oil as the raw material. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, a method for processing and producing a second type of base oil by using a first type of base oil regenerated from a waste lubricating oil as a raw material, includes the following steps: s1, preparing a base oil raw material, namely performing normal pressure-reduced pressure distillation on waste lubricating oil to obtain distillate oil, performing contact extraction on the distillate oil and an NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) solvent, and separating to obtain raffinate; S2, producing second-class base oil, namely preheating the first-class base oil to 60-80 ℃, introducing the preheated first-class base oil into an adsorption column, enabling the first-class base oil to sequentially