CN-121975612-A - Anaerobic fermentation system and method for solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforcement

CN121975612ACN 121975612 ACN121975612 ACN 121975612ACN-121975612-A

Abstract

The application relates to a solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforced anaerobic fermentation system which comprises a solar heat collection subsystem, an anaerobic reactor, a hierarchical heat exchange and reinforcement subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, wherein the solar heat collection subsystem comprises a heat medium loop for circulating a heat medium and is connected with the hierarchical heat exchange and reinforcement subsystem through a circulating pipeline, the hierarchical heat exchange and reinforcement subsystem comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange and reinforcement unit, the hierarchical heat exchange and reinforcement subsystem is combined with the intelligent control subsystem based on temperature feedback, a complete technical scheme capable of automatically identifying heat transfer and mass transfer bottlenecks and performing accurate intervention is constructed, the rough and passive situation of the traditional solar heating mode is fundamentally changed, the efficient and intelligent coupling of solar heat energy and semi-dry fermentation biochemical processes is realized, and system level assurance is provided for solving the bottlenecks of the solar heat energy and semi-dry fermentation biochemical processes.

Inventors

HUANG XIANGFENG
WANG LONG
PANG JIABIN
LU QISHUN
LIU HOUHUA
LI ZHONGYUAN
CUI YUNFEI
YUAN XUEFENG
WANG KUANQIANG

Assignees

中建八局环保科技有限公司
中国建筑第八工程局有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260123

Claims (8)

1. A solar hierarchical heat targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system is characterized by comprising a solar heat collection subsystem, an anaerobic reactor, a hierarchical heat exchange and enhancement subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, wherein, The solar heat collection subsystem comprises a heat medium loop for circulating a heat medium and is connected with the graded heat exchange and strengthening subsystem through a circulating pipeline; The grading heat exchange and strengthening subsystem comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange and strengthening unit; The primary heat exchange unit is a heat preservation jacket arranged on the outer wall of the anaerobic reactor and is connected into a circulating pipeline of the solar heat collection subsystem; The secondary heat exchange and strengthening unit is a lifting central jet stirrer arranged inside the anaerobic reactor; The intelligent control subsystem comprises a controller, a temperature sensor arranged in the anaerobic reactor, and a first control valve and a second control valve which are respectively arranged on the primary heat exchange unit and the central jet stirrer heat supply pipeline; the controller receives the signals of the temperature sensor, controls the opening and closing of the first control valve and the second control valve based on the signals, and controls the lifting driving mechanism of the central jet stirrer.
2. The solar hierarchical thermal targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchange pipeline is integrated inside the central jet stirrer, and jet nozzles are arranged on the surface of the central jet stirrer; the central jet stirrer is communicated with a heat medium loop of the solar heat collection subsystem through a switching valve.
3. The solar hierarchical thermal targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the anaerobic reactor comprises a tank body, the primary heat exchange unit, an aerogel heat preservation layer and a metal protection shell from inside to outside.
4. A solar staged thermal targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system according to claim 3, wherein the aerogel insulation has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.025W/(m-K).
5. The solar staged thermal targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the solar thermal collector subsystem comprises a non-concentrating flat panel solar collector for collecting thermal energy at a low temperature, and a circulation pump for driving circulation of a thermal medium.
6. The solar staged thermal targeting enhanced anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to execute control logic to: when the overall average temperature of the reactor calculated based on the temperature sensor data is lower than a set threshold value, opening the first control valve; When the temperature gradient inside the reactor is detected to exceed a set value or the temperature of the core area is detected to be lower than a set threshold value, the second control valve is started and the central jet stirrer is started.
7. A solar staged heat targeted reinforcement anaerobic fermentation method using the solar staged heat targeted reinforcement anaerobic fermentation system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: adding organic waste into the anaerobic reactor, and starting a solar heat collection subsystem; monitoring the internal temperature field of the reactor through the intelligent control subsystem; Based on a temperature monitoring result, controlling the opening and closing of the first control valve so as to carry out integral heat preservation on the reactor through the primary heat exchange unit; And controlling the second control valve to be opened and closed and starting the central jet stirrer based on the temperature monitoring result so as to target the injection of the heat medium into the core area of the reactor.
8. The method of anaerobic fermentation for solar staged thermal targeting reinforcement according to claim 7, wherein the step of targeted injection into the reactor core area comprises controlling the central jet stirrer to be raised and lowered to a specified height and sprayed through its jet nozzle.

Description

Anaerobic fermentation system and method for solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforcement Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of waste recycling treatment, in particular to an anaerobic fermentation system and method for solar energy grading heat targeting reinforcement. Background Organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws and the like generated in village and town areas have the characteristic of small dispersion, and are suitable for being treated by adopting a miniaturized in-situ semi-dry anaerobic fermentation technology, and the technology can convert the wastes into biogas and organic fertilizer to realize recycling. However, semi-dry anaerobic fermentation (solid content of 15% -25%) is faced with a core bottleneck in practical application, wherein the problems of low mass and heat transfer efficiency, poor material flowability with high solid content, serious uneven temperature distribution in the reactor, especially in a core area, and difficult material mixing are caused, and local acid inhibition is extremely easy to cause, so that the fermentation is slow to start, the methane yield is low, and the operation is unstable. In order to maintain the temperature required by fermentation (such as 35-38 ℃), traditional equipment relies on electric energy or fossil fuel to heat, the operation cost is high, the technical economy is weakened, and although the scheme of solar energy assisted heating such as photovoltaic electric heating or vacuum tube direct heating is available, the energy conversion efficiency is low, the system is complex, and the heat cannot be effectively transferred to the core area of the reactor due to the problems of material adhesion, poor flowability and the like, so that the heat and mass transfer problem of semi-dry fermentation cannot be fundamentally solved. Therefore, a system and a method for actively enhancing the heat and mass transfer process while reducing energy consumption are needed to efficiently and accurately introduce solar heat into the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation core area. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforced anaerobic fermentation system and a solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforced anaerobic fermentation method, which realize the on-demand and accurate distribution of solar heat from integral heat preservation to core targeting heating and fundamentally break the bottleneck of mass and heat transfer efficiency of semi-dry anaerobic fermentation. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a solar hierarchical heat targeting reinforced anaerobic fermentation system, which comprises a solar heat collection subsystem, an anaerobic reactor, a hierarchical heat exchange and reinforcement subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, wherein, The solar heat collection subsystem comprises a heat medium loop for circulating a heat medium and is connected with the graded heat exchange and strengthening subsystem through a circulating pipeline; The grading heat exchange and strengthening subsystem comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange and strengthening unit; The primary heat exchange unit is a heat preservation jacket arranged on the outer wall of the anaerobic reactor and is connected into a circulating pipeline of the solar heat collection subsystem; The secondary heat exchange and strengthening unit is a lifting central jet stirrer arranged inside the anaerobic reactor; The intelligent control subsystem comprises a controller, a temperature sensor arranged in the anaerobic reactor, and a first control valve and a second control valve which are respectively arranged on the primary heat exchange unit and the central jet stirrer heat supply pipeline; the controller receives the signals of the temperature sensor, controls the opening and closing of the first control valve and the second control valve based on the signals, and controls the lifting driving mechanism of the central jet stirrer. By adopting the technical scheme, the grading heat exchange and strengthening subsystem is combined with the intelligent control subsystem based on temperature feedback, so that a complete technical scheme capable of automatically identifying heat and mass transfer bottlenecks and performing accurate intervention is constructed, the situation that the traditional solar heating mode is extensive and passive is fundamentally changed, the efficient and intelligent coupling of solar heat energy and the semi-dry fermentation biochemical process is realized, and system-level assurance is provided for solving the efficiency bottlenecks. Furthermore, a heat exchange pipeline is integrated in the central jet stirrer, and a jet nozzle is arranged on the surface of the central jet stirrer; the central jet stirrer is communicated with a heat medium loop of the solar heat collection subs