CN-121975658-A - Methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculant and application thereof in rice methane emission reduction

CN121975658ACN 121975658 ACN121975658 ACN 121975658ACN-121975658-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and provides a methyl nutrition composite microbial agent and application thereof in reducing emission of rice methane, wherein the composite microbial agent comprises facultative methylobacterium, sphingobacterium, tagetes, greedy phage, flavobacterium, sphingolipid bacteria, pseudoflavobacterium, knoop-b-fungus, bacillus, and geobacillus. The composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention can effectively reduce methane emission in rice planting, and has the functions of reducing emission, enhancing efficiency and promoting stable yield.

Inventors

WANG BAOZHAN
YAN XIAOYUAN
GOU XIAOYUN
QIU JINGRUI
LIU XU
MAI WENXUAN
ZOU JIANWEN
JIANG JIANDONG

Assignees

南京农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260205
Priority Date: 20251118

Claims (10)

1. The methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculum is characterized in that the composite microbial inoculum is obtained by domestication and enrichment of rice phyllospheric bacteria.
2. The methylotrophic composite microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the domestication and enrichment process uses C1 compounds such as methane and methanol as the only carbon source for feeding.
3. The methylotrophic composite microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the methylotrophic composite microbial agent having excellent growth is selected, and the composite microbial agent has a species composition of facultative methylobacterium (methyl bacteria 6.81%), sphingobacterium (Sphingobacterium 16.91%), talaromyces (Tahibacter.73%), variophaga (Variovorax.61%), flavobacterium (Flavobacterium 7.99%), sphingobacterium (Sphingobium 7.18%), pseudo Huang Xiaojun (Pseudoflavitalea.82%), brevibacterium (Nubsella.83%), geobacillus (Sediminibacterium.05%), geobacillus (Pedobacterium 1.57%).
4. The method for producing a methylotrophic composite microbial inoculum according to claim 1, characterized in that the obtained methylotrophic composite microbial inoculum with excellent growth is fermented with 0.5% methanol to an OD 600 =1.0 or so to obtain a composite microbial inoculum for inoculation.
5. The use of the methylotrophic complex microbial inoculant of claim 4 in rice methane emission reduction.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the product is a rice root bacterial manure.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculum to the paddy soil is 50 ml/5 kg, and then the paddy seedlings are transplanted.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the rice is planted in two holes in one pot, the varieties of which are Chang Nong japonica 8 and south japonica 5718.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the water and fertilizer management of potted rice is carried out by keeping shallow water in a seedling stage, simultaneously shading and cooling to help seedling cultivation and resume growth, keeping a water layer of 3-5cm in a tillering stage to promote tillering, applying 0.5g urea per pot of tillering fertilizer, applying 0.4g urea and 0.6g compound fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer in a booting stage, keeping stable water supply in a heading stage, keeping shallow water in a grouting maturity stage, reducing water quantity, timely drying and wetting are carried out alternately, stopping watering when grains are mostly yellow in a harvesting stage, keeping pot soil dry, and harvesting after the grains are completely yellow ripened.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the methane flux is measured by adopting a static camera-gas chromatography method, collecting gas once a week from one month after transplanting until rice is ripe, wherein the sampling time is 9:00-11:00 a.m, the gas collecting device is a cylindrical pipe made of PVC, the height is 150cm, the outer diameter of the pipe is 25cm, the thickness is 0.5cm, the upper part of the pipe is sealed by adopting a PVC circular cover with the same bottom diameter, a gas collecting box capable of vertically covering rice plants is formed, a silicon rubber pipe is perforated and placed at the side of the box, one end of the silicon rubber pipe is inserted into the sampling box, the other end of the silicon rubber pipe is connected with a three-way valve outside the box, a gas collecting port is arranged at the upper and lower positions outside the box, so that the rice is conveniently collected when rice grows to different heights, when the rice is collected, the rice pot is placed in a chassis filled with water, the gas collecting box is placed again, the gas collecting box is connected with two gas collecting ports on the side of the gas collecting box respectively, circulating air for 30s at the output end and input end of the suction pump is connected with two gas collecting ports on the side of the gas collecting box, the gas collecting box is uniformly distributed, then 3 times, and 8min is performed, and the suction is started at the output end of the suction pump connected with the suction pump at the output end of 50 mL.

Description

Methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculant and application thereof in rice methane emission reduction Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and particularly relates to a methyl nutrition composite microbial agent and application thereof in rice methane emission reduction. Background Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of about 28 times that of carbon dioxide on the 100 year scale. According to the report of the inter-government climate change specialized committee (IPCC), paddy fields are one of the main sources of global agricultural methane emissions, accounting for about 10% of the global CH 4 emissions, wherein the paddy field methane emissions account for 30% of the global agricultural methane emissions. As China is the biggest global paddy rice production country, the annual paddy rice yield accounts for 28.1 percent of the total world yield, and the corresponding paddy field methane emission is large, the problem is highly focused by the international society. Therefore, the method effectively reduces the methane emission of the paddy field, and has important significance for China to fulfill international emission reduction commitments and deal with climate change. At present, the research of methane emission reduction in paddy fields mainly extends around the directions of water management, organic matter management, breeding of high-yield low-emission varieties and the like. In the aspect of water management, optimization measures such as intermittent irrigation, delayed irrigation and the like are adopted, for example, intermittent flooding replaces continuous flooding, so that methane emission can be reduced, and the rice yield can be improved. But this approach is limited by climatic and water resource conditions. In organic matter management, straw returning is reduced or organic fertilizer types are optimized, and the supply of methane production substrates is reduced. However, this is a contradiction between the preservation of soil fertility and the accumulation of organic matter. In addition, by means of genetic engineering breeding technology, a new way is provided for breeding rice varieties with high yield and low carbon emission, but the problems of high cost, long time consumption and the like exist. In recent years, biotechnology emissions reduction has become a research hotspot. Research has shown that methylotrophic bacteria (microorganisms that utilize C1 compounds as the sole source of carbon and energy) can reduce methane emissions by oxidizing methane in the paddy ecosystem. However, the application of the existing methyl nutrition bacteria still has the defects of limited bacterial strain sources, most of laboratory isolated bacteria, weak ecological adaptability, weak viability and incapability of effectively planting single bacterial strain in complex field environments, lack of efficient and stable field inoculation and domestication modes and large fluctuation of emission reduction effects. Therefore, development of a methyl nutrition dominant bacteria compound microbial inoculant with natural sources, strong ecological adaptability and stable composition is needed to continuously and effectively reduce methane emission in the rice planting process, and meanwhile, the yield and quality of rice are ensured. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculum and application thereof in reducing emission of methane in paddy rice, which are used for solving the problem of methane emission in a flooded paddy field, ensuring the yield of paddy rice and realizing the effect of stable yield and emission reduction. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: on one hand, the technical scheme of the invention provides a screening method of a methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculant. The methyl nutrition composite microbial inoculum is derived from rice phyllospheric bacterial communities and is obtained through domestication and enrichment. In the domestication process, C1 compounds such as methane, methanol and the like are used as the only carbon source for feeding, so that dominant bacterial groups adapting to the methyl nutrition environment are screened out. The methylotrophic composite bacterial agent with excellent growth performance is obtained through screening, and the species composition comprises facultative methylobacterium (methyl 6.81%), bacillus (Sphingobacterium 16.91%), acidithiobacillus (Tahibacter.73%), variovorax (Variovorax.61%), flavobacterium (Flavobacterium 7.99%), sphingobium (Sphingobium 7.18%), pseudomonas (Pseudoflavitalea.82%), knudsen (Nubsella.83%), bacillus (Sediminibacterium.05%), and Geobacillus (Pedobacter 1.57%). The abundance of facultative methylobacterium (methyl) in the methylotrophic bacteria increases from 0.01% to 6.81%. After selection of the dominant inoculum, it was ferme