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CN-121975788-A - Microbial agent, preparation method thereof and biological fertilizer prepared from microbial agent

CN121975788ACN 121975788 ACN121975788 ACN 121975788ACN-121975788-A

Abstract

The application provides a microbial agent and a preparation method thereof, and a biological fertilizer prepared by the microbial agent, the preparation method of the microbial agent, the production of the microbial agent is realized by the processes of fermentation, centrifugation, dissolution mixing, spray drying and the like, so that the loss of living bacteria from the end of fermentation to the process of preparing dry powder is reduced, and the performance of the microbial agent is improved. The microbial agent is taken as a core raw material, and humic acid, seaweed extract and biochar are added, so that the biocontrol growth promoting function of the microbial agent and the soil improvement and growth promoting function of the base material are mutually enhanced, environments unfavorable for crop growth such as saline alkali can be effectively resisted, and the yield of crops is improved.

Inventors

  • LI HAIDONG
  • LI DONGWEI
  • LIU JIE
  • Na Qingshuangheer
  • BAI WENGUO
  • GAO JING
  • YANG CHUNLI
  • HE XIAOMING

Assignees

  • 内蒙古分享收获农业开发有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the microbial agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing propagation culture on target mould to obtain acid fermentation bacteria liquid; Filtering the fermentation broth, and centrifuging to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant; Taking part of supernatant to dissolve chitosan to obtain chitosan solution; dispersing the precipitate in chitosan solution to obtain premix; dissolving polyglutamic acid by deionized water to obtain a polyglutamic acid aqueous solution; Adding the polyglutamic acid aqueous solution into the premix under the stirring condition to obtain a flocculation suspension; concentrating the rest clear liquid, mixing with the flocculation suspension, adding biochar, and spray drying to obtain microbial agent.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the target mould comprises Trichoderma harzianum, trichoderma viride, trichoderma citrinoviride, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma nobilis, and the like which can be used for soil improvement, or the mould obtained by breeding by adopting the following method: collecting soil in a wheat planting field, removing plant residues and gravel after natural air drying, and sieving with a 2mm sieve; Taking an air-dried soil sample, adding sterile water with the weight being 9 times that of the soil sample, preparing a soil suspension of 10 -1 , then carrying out serial gradient dilution (10 -2 、10 -3 、10 -4 、10 -5 ), respectively taking 100 mu L of each dilution suspension, coating the suspension on a PDA flat plate, repeating each gradient for 3 times, and inversely culturing for 1-7 days in a 28 ℃ constant temperature incubator; Selecting single colonies with different forms and good growth on a plate for purification, inoculating fusarium graminearum cakes with the diameter of 5mm in the center of a PDA plate, inoculating fresh fungus cakes to be detected at equal distance from the center of the PDA plate to the position 2.5cm away from the center, taking the plate with pathogenic bacteria as a control, culturing at 28 ℃ for 5-7 days, and observing; selecting a strain with obvious antagonistic effect, and carrying out streak purification to obtain the bred mould.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the following culture medium is adopted in the propagation process of the target mould: 45g/L of soluble starch, 32g/L of soybean meal powder, 0.25g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.05g/L of calcium carbonate, 0.06g/L of monopotassium phosphate and 0.06g/L of dipotassium phosphate.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the following culture conditions are adopted in the propagation process of the target mould: The inoculation amount of the strain is 5-10%, and the total colony count of the inoculated strain is 10 8 ~10 10 CFU/g; The initial pH is 6.0, the fermentation time is 48-54 h, the dissolved oxygen is 25-28%, and the fermentation temperature is 28+/-0.1 ℃; Stirring is continuously carried out in the fermentation process, the stirring speed is 100-120 rpm from the initial time to the 12h time, the stirring speed is 150-180 rpm from the 12h time to the 24h time, and the stirring speed is 190-200 rpm from the 24h time to the end of fermentation.
  5. 5. The method for producing a microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the acid fermentation broth is 3.2±0.05.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution is 10-15 g/L, and the concentration of the polyglutamic acid aqueous solution is 0.9-1.05 times that of the chitosan solution; The volume of the polyglutamic acid aqueous solution is the same as that of the chitosan solution during mixing; The weight ratio of the sediment to the chitosan solution is 1:5-8; the fermentation broth is filtered by adopting a filter medium with a filter hole of 1 mm.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the granularity of the biochar is 300-400 meshes, and the addition amount of the biochar is 3-5% of the total weight of a liquid system; In spray drying, the inlet temperature of a spray material making machine is 170-190 ℃, the outlet temperature is 70-85 ℃, the feeding speed is 50-60 ml/min, and the spray head pressure is 0.10-0.12 MPa.
  8. 8. The method for producing a microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the stirring conditions are stirring at 400 to 450 rpm; The centrifugal operation is 6000-6500 rpm centrifuging at the rotating speed for 8-10 min.
  9. 9. The microbial agent is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the microbial agent in any one of claims 1-8.
  10. 10. A biofertilizer comprising a base material and the microbial agent of claim 9; The base material comprises 55-70 parts by weight of humic acid, 30-35 parts by weight of biochar and 10-15 parts by weight of seaweed extract; The addition amount of the microbial agent is 15-20% of the weight of the base material.

Description

Microbial agent, preparation method thereof and biological fertilizer prepared from microbial agent Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of biological fertilizers, in particular to a microbial agent and a preparation method thereof, and a biological fertilizer prepared by using the microbial agent. Background The hard wheat industry is taken as the main grain with the inner Mongolia characteristic, and is also one of the dominant industries in the demonstration area of the agricultural high and new technology industry in Bayan city, but hard wheat flour planting in the inner Mongolia area faces serious challenges. On the one hand, soil salinization is increasingly serious. For example, the area of saline-alkali land in Bayan city is up to 467 ten thousand mu (wherein the moderately severe saline-alkali land is about 134 ten thousand mu and the slightly saline-alkali land is about 252 ten thousand mu), the pH value is about 8.5, however, the optimal pH value of wheat growing soil is 6.5-7.5, and the salinization of the soil becomes a main obstacle for planting crops such as wheat in most areas of the city and inner Mongolia, so that the sustainable development of regional agricultural economy and society is severely restricted. In addition, during the growth of wheat, the damage of some fungi (such as fusarium graminearum, which infects wheat and causes diseases such as ear rot, stem basal rot and root rot) is also one of the reasons for low facet yield. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a microbial agent, a preparation method thereof and a biological fertilizer prepared by the microbial agent, which are used for solving the problems that the saline-alkali environment and harmful bacteria harm the growth of wheat, so that the yield of the wheat is adversely affected. In a first aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a microbial agent, comprising the following steps: performing propagation culture on target mould to obtain acid fermentation bacteria liquid; Filtering the fermentation broth, and centrifuging to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant; Taking part of supernatant to dissolve chitosan to obtain chitosan solution; dispersing the precipitate in chitosan solution to obtain premix; dissolving polyglutamic acid by deionized water to obtain a polyglutamic acid aqueous solution; Adding the polyglutamic acid aqueous solution into the premix under the stirring condition to obtain a flocculation suspension; concentrating the rest clear liquid, mixing with the flocculation suspension, adding biochar, and spray drying to obtain microbial agent. The microbial agent provided by the application has the following beneficial effects: 1) The method of the application utilizes acidic fermentation supernatant to dissolve chitosan, so that the chitosan possibly absorbs nutrient factors in the supernatant while dissolving, then the chitosan and polyglutamic acid are subjected to controllable electrostatic flocculation, mycelia are wrapped in a hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure in situ, the wrapping layer can effectively buffer dehydration, oxidization and temperature stress in the drying and storage processes, biochar is added as a drying carrier, the porous structure of the biochar can absorb water and disperse thermal stress at the moment of spray drying, and finally, the rapid crust formation and mild dehydration are realized through a drying process with accurate control of inlet and outlet temperatures. The method of the application realizes the preparation of the microbial agent through the operation, and can furthest reduce the loss of living bacteria from the end of fermentation to the process of preparing dry powder, thereby improving the exertion of the efficacy of the microbial agent. 2) In the method, the acidic supernatant naturally generated in the fermentation process is used as a solvent for dissolving chitosan, so that the steps of preparing and adding organic acid or inorganic acid are omitted, the types and the consumption of raw materials are reduced, and the emission of three wastes is reduced. And the supernatant liquid separated by centrifugation is partially recycled for dissolution, and is partially concentrated and added into a final product, so that the nutrition components and active substances in the fermentation medium are utilized to the maximum extent, and the overall conversion rate and value of the raw materials are improved. In addition, the whole process flow (fermentation-centrifugation-dissolution mixing-spray drying) is coherent and easy to operate and realize, is suitable for large-scale continuous or batch production, and has better industrial amplifying potential and economy. Optionally, the target mould comprises Trichoderma harzianum, trichoderma viride, trichoderma citrinovyi, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma Guizhou, and the like which can be used for soil improvement, or the mould obtained by