CN-121976053-A - Comprehensive recovery and purification method for gold minerals based on ore characteristic analysis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wet metallurgy of refractory gold ores, and discloses a comprehensive recovery and purification method of gold ores based on ore characteristic analysis, which comprises the steps of measuring the sulfur-carbon mass ratio of gold ores containing arsenic sulfide, and determining a target potential interval in a sectional potential control program according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio; controlling the potential of ore pulp by adjusting the adding amount of an oxidant in a first potential interval after pulp mixing, so that the ore pulp is stabilized at a site of selective dissociation of arsenic-containing sulfide crystal lattice, and the gold is released; fine-grained pyrite is supplemented into ore pulp in a second potential interval, and an interface current activation passivation layer generated by constructing a microcosmic primary cell by using the pyrite and arsenic-containing sulfide.

Inventors

• GAO SHANG
• ZHENG FUJIAN
• SHI LINJIE
• GAO ZICHAO
• LIU JUNJIE
• SUN XIAOPENG
• QI CHUANDUO
• Ji Fenglun
• Qu Weikai
• XU SHENG
• HE ZIHAO
• LIU HAORAN
• ZHU SIJIE

Assignees

• 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260403

Claims (9)

1. 1. The comprehensive recovery and purification method for gold minerals based on ore characteristic analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps: step S101, determining the sulfide phase mass and the carbonaceous phase mass in the arsenic sulfide gold ore to be treated, and determining the sulfur-carbon mass ratio of the arsenic sulfide gold ore by calculating the ratio of the sulfide phase mass to the carbonaceous phase mass; Step S102, setting a first target potential interval and a second target potential interval in a segmented potential control program according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, wherein the first target potential interval and the second target potential interval are used as control boundaries of oxidation-reduction potentials; Step S103, pulp is mixed with arsenic sulfide-containing gold ore and then sent to a pre-oxidation reaction system, and the pulp potential is stabilized at a polarization potential for selectively dissociating arsenic sulfide crystal lattice in the arsenic sulfide-containing gold ore by adjusting the adding amount of an oxidant in a first target potential interval, so that dissociation of micro-particle gold wrapped by the arsenic sulfide is realized; step S104, after entering a second target potential interval, fine-fraction pyrite is added into ore pulp, a microscopic primary cell is constructed by using the fine-fraction pyrite as a cathode site and arsenic-containing sulfide as an anode site, a surface passivation layer of the arsenic-containing sulfide is activated by interface current generated by the microscopic primary cell, and the feeding rate of the fine-fraction pyrite is regulated according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, so that the surface of the arsenic-containing sulfide maintains a loose and porous oxide layer and densification deposition of an iron oxide passivation film is inhibited; Step S105, leaching the pre-oxidized product, and recovering gold components from the ore pulp.
2. 2. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the sulfur-carbon mass ratio characterizes oxidation response characteristics of arsenic sulfide-containing gold ore, when the sulfur-carbon mass ratio is in a range of 1.5 to 4.5, a first target potential range is set to 350mV to 450mV, arsenic atoms in the arsenic sulfide are preferentially oxidized and converted into soluble arsenic species by regulating the addition amount of an oxidizing agent in the first target potential range, and therefore, micro-crack structures exposing packed gold are formed on the surface of the arsenic sulfide while secondary adsorption effects of a carbonaceous phase are inhibited.
3. 3. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step S104, the particle size distribution range of the fine-fraction pyrite is 10 μm to 30 μm, the mass purity of the fine-fraction pyrite is not lower than 85%, and the feeding rate of the fine-fraction pyrite is linearly compensated according to the value of the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, so that the contact frequency between the fine-fraction pyrite and the arsenic-containing sulfide satisfies the spontaneous polarization charge compensation requirement in the ore pulp.
4. 4. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis as set forth in claim 1, wherein the interfacial current generated by the microscopic galvanic cells is used to thin the diffusion boundary layer of the arsenic-containing sulfide surface, so that the effective concentration gradient of the liquid-phase oxidizing agent on the arsenic-containing sulfide surface is maintained within a preset range, thereby preventing the initial deposition of elemental sulfur on the arsenic-containing sulfide surface.
5. 5. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis as set forth in claim 1, wherein the leaching operation in the step S105 is a low-cyanide leaching system, and a hydrophilic protective film is formed on the surface of the dissociated fine gold particles by adding 0.1 to 0.5 mass percent of polyphosphate into ore pulp so as to reduce competitive adsorption of carbonaceous materials to free gold complexes.
6. 6. The method for comprehensive recovery and purification of gold based on ore characterization according to claim 1, wherein the duration of the first target potential interval in step S103 is set according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, and when the sulfur-carbon mass ratio increases, the duration is correspondingly prolonged to ensure that the encapsulated gold channel in the arsenic sulfide is completely opened.
7. 7. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preoxidation reaction system adopts a multistage linkage fluidization reaction kettle, and turbulent shearing force of ore pulp is regulated by controlling aeration intensity of the kettle bottom so as to assist interface current generated by microscopic galvanic cells to wash loose dissociation products on the surface of arsenic-containing sulfide.
8. 8. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold ore based on ore characteristic analysis as set forth in claim 1, wherein after the step S104, the method further comprises monitoring a mass concentration ratio of iron ions to arsenic ions in the ore pulp, and adjusting a flow rate of the oxidizing agent in the step S104 according to the mass concentration ratio in a feedback manner so as to keep an oxidation potential of the ore pulp below a passivation point of arsenic-containing sulfide.
9. 9. The method for comprehensively recovering and purifying gold based on ore characteristic analysis as recited in claim 1, wherein step S105 further comprises adsorbing residual slurry after leaching operation by using activated carbon, and sending the activated carbon after saturation of adsorption to a desorption electrolysis system for gold purification.

Description

Comprehensive recovery and purification method for gold minerals based on ore characteristic analysis Technical Field The invention relates to a comprehensive recovery and purification method of gold minerals based on ore characteristic analysis, and belongs to the technical field of wet metallurgy of refractory gold minerals. Background When refractory gold ores containing sulfur, arsenic, carbon and the like are treated at present, a preoxidation combined cyanidation leaching process is used as a main flow technical mode, fine particles are released to wrap gold by destroying crystal lattices of carrier minerals, as the grade of the fed ores fluctuates and resource components tend to be complex, the sulfur-arsenic ratio and the occurrence state of carbonaceous substances in ore pulp show a dynamic change trend, the prior art mostly adopts fixed oxidation parameters, so that the integral liquid phase potential cannot truly reflect the polarization state of a solid-liquid interface of the minerals, and when the potential deviates from a crystal lattice dissociation window, a compact passivation film formed by elemental sulfur and iron oxide is generated on the surfaces of the minerals, so that release of internal gold particles is blocked, and the medicament consumption is increased. Aiming at the above challenges, simply increasing the oxidant ratio or increasing the linear improvement path such as grinding fineness and the like, is easy to cause severe local peroxidation reaction, generates a large amount of impurity ions and accelerates the generation of a passivation layer, cannot solve the gold robbing effect of organic carbon on gold complex, removes physical package limitation caused by the ore phase structure, controls logic mismatch in the pre-oxidation stage, is also a key for restricting the improvement of recovery indexes, for example, the Chinese patent application with publication No. CN114350947A discloses a dedicated oxidizing bacteria and refractory gold ore biological heap leaching pre-oxidation-gold extraction process, improves sulfide oxidation efficiency by screening dedicated bacteria, but technical logic in engineering application is highly dependent on the coupling of activity of the bacteria and environmental parameters, has long oxidation period, is difficult to cope with dynamic fluctuation of ore components, adopts an indiscriminate integral oxidation mode, lacks active intervention to polarization potential of a mineral solid-liquid interface, cannot break the passivation layer blocking of high-arsenic ore, and fails to mechanically block a carbonaceous secondary adsorption channel in a microscopic level. Therefore, how to determine a multi-stage potential evolution curve according to the phase characteristic parameters of the ore to be treated, and to block the carbonaceous adsorption channel while realizing the dissociation of the carrier mineral becomes the technical problem to be solved by the invention. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows, a gold mineral comprehensive recovery and purification method based on ore characteristic analysis comprises the following steps: step S101, determining the sulfide phase mass and the carbonaceous phase mass in the arsenic sulfide gold ore to be treated, and determining the sulfur-carbon mass ratio of the arsenic sulfide gold ore by calculating the ratio of the sulfide phase mass to the carbonaceous phase mass; Step S102, setting a first target potential interval and a second target potential interval in a segmented potential control program according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, wherein the first target potential interval and the second target potential interval are used as control boundaries of oxidation-reduction potentials; Step S103, pulp is mixed with arsenic sulfide-containing gold ore and then sent to a pre-oxidation reaction system, and the pulp potential is stabilized at a polarization potential for selectively dissociating arsenic sulfide crystal lattice in the arsenic sulfide-containing gold ore by adjusting the adding amount of an oxidant in a first target potential interval, so that dissociation of micro-particle gold wrapped by the arsenic sulfide is realized; step S104, after entering a second target potential interval, fine-fraction pyrite is added into ore pulp, a microscopic primary cell is constructed by using the fine-fraction pyrite as a cathode site and arsenic-containing sulfide as an anode site, a surface passivation layer of the arsenic-containing sulfide is activated by interface current generated by the microscopic primary cell, and the feeding rate of the fine-fraction pyrite is regulated according to the sulfur-carbon mass ratio, so that the surface of the arsenic-containing sulfide maintains a loose and porous oxide layer and densification deposition of an iron oxide passivation film is inhibited; Step S1