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CN-121976089-A - Discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof

CN121976089ACN 121976089 ACN121976089 ACN 121976089ACN-121976089-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a near alpha-type titanium alloy matrix with nominal components of Ti-6Al-6Zr-5Sn-1Mo-1Nb-1W-0.3Si, wherein the content of each element (such as 5% -7% of Al and 5% -7% of Zr) is precisely controlled, meanwhile, tiC and TiB multi-dimensional discontinuous ceramic phases are introduced, the ceramic phases are generated through in-situ reaction of B 4 C powder and the titanium matrix, the content of the reinforcing phases can be precisely regulated and controlled by adjusting the addition amount (0.5% -2%) of B 4 C, the limitation of single reinforcing phase is solved, and the high-temperature performance and the mechanical performance are cooperatively improved. Furthermore, the invention breaks through the traditional random distribution mode of the reinforced phase, builds a discontinuous reinforced structure, can uniformly improve the strength and the high temperature resistance of the material in the multidimensional stress direction, and is suitable for the requirements of aerospace thermal structural components under complex load working conditions.

Inventors

  • YUE XU
  • HUANG SHIXING
  • TONG XIAOLE
  • YANG ZHONG
  • LU JINGJING
  • Aredak Alimas
  • LUO HENG
  • YE HONGCHUAN

Assignees

  • 新疆湘润新材料科技有限公司
  • 西安工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260121

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material is characterized in that an alloy matrix of the titanium-based composite material consists of ：Al：6%~8%,Zr：5%~7%,Sn：4%~6%,Mo：0.8%~1.2%,Nb：0.8%~1.2%,W：0.8%~1.2%Mo,Si：0.2%~0.4%,O：0.1%~0.2%,C≤0.02%,N≤0.02%,H≤0.01%,% by mass of Ti, the balance of other unavoidable single impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, the total impurity content is less than or equal to 0.2%, the discontinuous ceramic phase is obtained by adding B 4 C into the alloy matrix to react with the Ti, and the mass percentage of B 4 C is 0.5% -2%.
  2. 2. The discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high temperature resistant titanium matrix composite of claim 1, wherein the discontinuous ceramic phase is titanium carbide (TiC) and titanium boride (TiB).
  3. 3. The preparation method of the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high temperature resistant titanium-based composite material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, preparing materials according to the mass percentages of all elements of an alloy matrix, and uniformly mixing all raw materials to prepare a matrix alloy raw material packet; Step 2, weighing B 4 C powder according to the mass percentage, and preparing a reaction source material packet; and 3, smelting the matrix alloy raw material package and the reaction source material package for a plurality of times, cooling, and discharging from the furnace to obtain the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material cast ingot.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high temperature resistant titanium matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1, the raw materials comprise 0-grade sponge titanium, high-purity aluminum beans, high-purity aluminum foil, sponge zirconium, titanium tin master alloy, aluminum molybdenum master alloy, aluminum niobium master alloy, aluminum tungsten master alloy and aluminum silicon master alloy.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high temperature resistant titanium matrix composite according to claim 4, wherein Ti80Sn is selected as the titanium tin intermediate alloy, al60Mo is selected as the aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, al75Nb is selected as the aluminum niobium intermediate alloy, al50W is selected as the aluminum tungsten intermediate alloy, and Al10Si is selected as the aluminum silicon intermediate alloy.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high temperature resistant titanium matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein in step 2, the purity of the B 4 C powder is equal to or higher than 99.9%, and the average particle size is 20 μm.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3, a vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace is adopted for smelting, before smelting, the interior of a furnace chamber of the vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace is pumped to a vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa, argon with a purity of more than or equal to 99.999% is filled for washing the furnace, the pressure of the argon is 0.08-0.12 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 4-6 min, then the interior of the furnace chamber is pumped again to a vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa, and finally high-purity argon is filled to a pressure of 0.04-0.06 MPa, so that smelting atmosphere protection is formed.
  8. 8. The preparation method of the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material is characterized in that in the step 3, a vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace is adopted for smelting, when the smelting times are 2 times, the primary smelting is carried out, the induction power is set to 240-360 kW and the time is 24-36 min, a primary cast ingot is obtained, the primary cast ingot is inverted for secondary smelting, the induction power is set to 240-360 kW and the time is 20-30 min, and after all smelting is finished, the cast ingot is cooled to below 30 ℃ along with a furnace at a cooling rate of 5-8 ℃ per min, and the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material is obtained.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material according to claim 8, wherein when the smelting times are 3 times or more, the induction power of each smelting is kept at 240-360 kW from the third smelting, the time is shortened by 4-6 min compared with the previous smelting, and after all the smelting is finished, the discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material ingot is obtained after being cooled to below 30 ℃ along with furnace at a cooling rate of 5-8 ℃ per min.
  10. 10. Application of discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material based on claim 1 or 2 or discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3-9 in thermal structural parts of novel spacecraft and hypersonic aircrafts.

Description

Discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background The traditional high-temperature titanium alloy has low density, high strength and toughness at room temperature and excellent high-temperature performance, but the highest service limit of safe use is close to 650 ℃, and the requirement of the novel heat structure parts of the spacecraft and hypersonic aircrafts on the temperature resistance at 750 ℃ is difficult to meet. Compared with the traditional titanium alloy, the ceramic reinforcing phase is added to raise the service temperature by 100-150 ℃, and the titanium alloy has the light weight and high specific strength characteristics and the high temperature resistance and high hardness of the ceramic reinforcing phase, so that the titanium alloy becomes a key material for light weight and high temperature development in the aerospace field. In the prior art, the ceramic reinforced titanium-based composite material mainly adopts continuous fiber reinforcement or single-form discontinuous reinforcement phase (particles and whiskers) design, but has the following technical bottlenecks: (1) The high-temperature performance is limited in that the highest service temperature of the traditional high-temperature titanium alloy is close to 650 ℃, the requirement of 750 ℃ temperature resistance in the aerospace field cannot be met, and in the traditional ceramic reinforced titanium-based composite material, a continuous fiber reinforced system is easy to generate a brittle phase to cause the reduction of interface bonding strength, and the problem of insufficient high-temperature creep resistance or uneven dispersion exists in a single-form discontinuous reinforced phase. (2) The reinforced phase design defect is that the size and the shape of the multi-focus reinforced phase in the prior art are regulated and controlled, and the influence of space distribution on the material performance is ignored. The randomly distributed reinforcing phases are difficult to realize uniform performance improvement in the multidimensional stress direction, and limit the application under the complex load working condition. (3) The preparation process is insufficient, and the problems of complex process, high cost, difficult preparation of large-size components and the like of part of preparation methods (such as a powder metallurgy method) restrict the large-scale application of materials. (4) The continuous fiber reinforced system is characterized in that silicon carbide equal length fibers and a titanium matrix are easy to generate interfacial reaction in the high-temperature preparation process to generate TiSiC and Ti5Si3 brittle phases, so that the interfacial bonding strength is reduced, and the high-temperature performance of the material is deteriorated. (5) The single-form discontinuous reinforcing phase is insufficient in high-temperature creep resistance of the material when only particle reinforcing is adopted, and is poor in whisker dispersion uniformity and easy to agglomerate when only whisker reinforcing is adopted, so that stress concentration is caused. Although the high-temperature hardness of the Chinese patent document (publication No. CN116121577A, publication No. 2023.05.16) is improved by AlO-ZrO eutectic particles, the problem of balance between high-temperature creep and toughness is not solved. (6) The spatial distribution of the reinforcing phase is unreasonable, the prior art pays attention to the size and shape regulation of the reinforcing phase, and the influence of the spatial distribution on the material performance is ignored. The traditional randomly distributed reinforcing phases are difficult to realize uniform strength and high temperature resistance improvement in the multidimensional stress direction, and the application of the material under the complex load working condition is limited. Therefore, development of a discontinuous ceramic phase titanium-based composite material with distributed characteristics and polymorphic synergistic enhancement to realize synergistic improvement of high temperature resistance, mechanical strength and toughness becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperature-resistant titanium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: according to the first aspect, the invention provides a discontinuous ceramic phase reinforced high-temperatur