CN-121976131-A - Low-cost preparation method of copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank for high-pressure plunger pump

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of skid shoe preparation, and particularly relates to a low-cost preparation method of a copper-steel composite bimetal skid shoe blank for a high-pressure plunger pump. The method utilizes the characteristic that the melting point of copper alloy is lower than that of steel matrix material, processes steel material into a sliding shoe base blank with a cavity, then loads the prefabricated copper alloy blank into the inner cavity of the steel base blank, covers a layer of protective borax on the steel base blank, heats the steel base blank in an inert atmosphere protective resistance heating furnace or a reducing atmosphere protective resistance heating furnace to enable the copper alloy to be melted into a liquid state, keeps warm for a certain time in a high temperature environment to enable the liquid copper alloy to infiltrate and diffuse to the surface of a solid steel base, and then discharges from the furnace to cool to enable the copper alloy in the cavity to solidify, and finally prepares the metallurgically bonded copper-steel bimetal composite sliding shoe blank.

Inventors

• ZHANG LIJUN
• SHAO BO
• ZHANG QIFENG
• ZHANG CHENHUI
• CAO LE
• ZHANG JUNXIAO
• WU TIANDONG
• XUE XIANGYI

Assignees

• 西安超晶科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251230

Claims (10)

1. 1. A low-cost preparation method of a copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank for a high-pressure plunger pump is characterized by comprising the steps of processing a steel base material into a sliding shoe base blank with a cavity, then loading a prefabricated copper alloy blank into the cavity, covering a layer of protective borax on the copper alloy blank, heating the copper alloy blank integrally, discharging from a furnace, cooling, and processing the copper alloy blank into a target copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank with a set specification.
2. 2. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, normalizing a steel matrix material, discharging and cooling, and obtaining a sliding shoe base blank with a cavity in the center through a machining process; Step 2, processing a copper alloy blank matched with the cavity structure, wherein the diameter and the height of the copper alloy blank are smaller than those of the cavity; Step 3, degreasing and cleaning the sliding shoe base blank and the copper alloy blank by adopting a degreasing agent, rinsing to be neutral by using clear water, and finally drying; Step 4, loading the copper alloy blank processed in the step 3 into a cavity, and paving borax with a set thickness on the copper alloy blank; and 5, putting the whole assembly obtained in the step 4 into a resistance heating furnace for heating, discharging and cooling, and processing into a target copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank with set specification.
3. 3. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank is characterized in that in the step 1, a steel base material is normalized, the heating temperature is 750-950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 h.
4. 4. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the cavity is in a shape of a circular truncated cone, and an included angle a between a bus and an axis is 1-5 degrees.
5. 5. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the diameter of the copper alloy blank is smaller than the diameter of a cavity by 0.5 mm-3 mm, and the height of the copper alloy blank is smaller than the height of the cavity by 5 mm-20 mm.
6. 6. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the degreasing agent is sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3% -10%.
7. 7. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, clean water is rinsed to neutral in an oven at 60-100 ℃ to dry water on the sliding shoe base blank and the copper alloy blank.
8. 8. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4, the set thickness is 2 mm-10 mm.
9. 9. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 5, the heating temperature is 100-300 ℃ above the melting point of the copper alloy, and the heat preservation time is 1-3 h.
10. 10. The low-cost preparation method of the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank according to claim 2, wherein in the step 5, the tapping cooling adopts water cooling or air cooling, and the specific selection mode is as follows; when the diameter of the cooling object is more than or equal to 120mm, water cooling is adopted, the water surface height does not exceed the bottom of the cavity during water cooling, and otherwise, air cooling is adopted.

Description

Low-cost preparation method of copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank for high-pressure plunger pump Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of skid shoe preparation, and particularly relates to a low-cost preparation method of a copper-steel composite bimetal skid shoe blank for a high-pressure plunger pump. The high-pressure plunger pump is mainly applied to manufacturing of high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure plunger pump sliding shoes, and the high-pressure plunger pump is mainly applied to power systems such as heavy-duty engineering vehicles, various hydraulic equipment and the like, aircraft actuating systems and the like. Background The heavy-duty engineering vehicle, various hydraulic equipment and other power systems, aircraft actuating systems and the like are realized by virtue of high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic systems, the sliding shoes are core rotating parts of the plunger pump, and the end surfaces bear high-speed and high-pressure circumferential friction in the running process, so that steel materials are adopted in the design of the plunger sliding shoes, and wear-resistant bronze alloy is adopted in the end surfaces bearing high-pressure friction. At present, the plunger sliding shoes working under medium-low pressure loading conditions in China are processed by adopting copper-steel bimetal blanks produced by a common casting process, but the sliding shoes processed by the copper-steel bimetal blanks produced by the common casting process are poor in binding force and easy to fall off in a layering manner under high pressure and high load, and are difficult to meet the requirement of high-pressure loading service of more than 30 MPa. At present, a part of the high-reliability bimetal sliding shoes used for the domestic high-pressure plunger pumps depend on imported foreign copper-steel bimetal composite sliding shoe blank processing, an imported sliding shoe blank sample anatomy part is high-power in figure 1, an obvious metallurgical inlay transition layer is arranged between an imported wear-resistant copper alloy and a steel matrix, the bonding strength is very high, the high-reliability bimetal sliding shoes are suitable for reliably working in a high-pressure heavy-load service environment, and the imported sliding shoe blank cost is high. Meanwhile, some domestic enterprises adopt a process mode of vacuum solid diffusion welding and powder metallurgy (high-temperature sintering) to produce bimetal composite sliding shoe blanks meeting the requirements. However, the manufacturing of copper-steel bimetal sliding shoe blanks by the technological modes of vacuum solid diffusion welding and powder metallurgy (high-temperature sintering) has the defects of high manufacturing cost and low production efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to independently develop a high-quality, low-cost and high-efficiency method for manufacturing a sliding shoe blank suitable for a high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure plunger pump so as to realize domestic supply of the high-reliability bimetal sliding shoe. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a low-cost preparation method of a copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank for a high-pressure plunger pump, which can prepare the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank with high quality with low cost and high efficiency and provides the copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank with strong binding force, uniform components, excellent wear resistance and low manufacturing cost for a hydraulic system such as a domestic high-pressure plunger pump/hydraulic motor. Solves the defects of high manufacturing cost and low production efficiency of two technological modes of vacuum solid diffusion welding and powder metallurgy (high-temperature sintering). In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The invention provides a low-cost preparation method of a copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank for a high-pressure plunger pump, which comprises the steps of processing a steel matrix material into a sliding shoe base blank with a cavity, and then filling the prefabricated copper alloy blank into a cavity, covering a layer of protective borax on the copper alloy blank, heating the copper alloy blank integrally, discharging the copper alloy blank out of a furnace, cooling, and processing the copper alloy blank into a target copper-steel composite bimetal sliding shoe blank with set specification. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, normalizing a steel matrix material, discharging and cooling, and obtaining a sliding shoe base blank with a cavity in the center through a machining process; Step 2, processing a copper alloy blank matched with the cavity structure, wherein the diameter and the height of the copper alloy blank are smaller than