CN-121976180-A - Resonance type ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system and method

CN121976180ACN 121976180 ACN121976180 ACN 121976180ACN-121976180-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a resonance type ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system and a method, which utilize ultrasonic equipment to transmit ultrasonic waves to a workpiece to induce resonance so as to realize uniform energy transmission, utilize an amplitude modulation device to measure the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece in real time, regulate the ultrasonic waves transmitted by the ultrasonic equipment according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and a target amplitude set by a user so as to realize closed-loop control of ultrasonic emission, and effectively solve the problem of amplitude fluctuation, namely amplitude dynamic instability, of the traditional ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system.

Inventors

HAN SEN
SHU XUEDAO
ZHAO SU
LI ZIXUAN
CHEN SIYUAN

Assignees

宁波大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251209

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a resonance type ultrasonic vibration assists laser cladding system, includes the laser cladding equipment that contains the laser cladding head and with the laser cladding equipment is connected, and is used for realizing the relative motion's between work piece and the laser cladding head mechanical motion system, its characterized in that still includes: An ultrasonic device for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the workpiece to induce resonance; And the amplitude modulation device is electrically connected with the ultrasonic equipment and is used for measuring the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece in real time and adjusting the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the ultrasonic equipment according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude set by a user.
2. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system according to claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic apparatus comprises: The ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the amplitude modulation device and is used for generating an electric signal corresponding to ultrasonic waves; An ultrasonic transducer electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator for converting the electrical signal into mechanical vibrations of the same frequency; And the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected with the ultrasonic transducer and the workpiece and is used for amplifying the mechanical vibration amplitude transmitted by the transducer and transmitting the mechanical vibration amplitude to the workpiece so as to induce resonance.
3. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system according to claim 2, wherein said ultrasonic generator is a frequency-tunable ultrasonic generator.
4. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system of claim 2, wherein said ultrasonic horn is provided with a coupling block sized to fit said workpiece to effect connection of said ultrasonic horn to said workpiece via said coupling block.
5. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system according to any of claims 2-4, wherein said amplitude modulation means comprises: the vibration meter is used for acquiring an analog signal corresponding to the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece in real time; a display on which an editor for a user to set a target amplitude is provided; And the decision device is electrically connected with the vibration meter, the display and the ultrasonic generator at the same time and is used for continuously sampling and digitally filtering the analog signal to obtain actual ultrasonic amplitude, and the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the ultrasonic device is regulated according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude.
6. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system of claim 5, wherein the vibration meter is a laser vibration meter, a contact piezoelectric accelerometer, a capacitive displacement sensor, or an eddy current displacement sensor.
7. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system according to claim 5, wherein said decision making apparatus comprises: the data acquisition module is electrically connected with the vibration meter and is used for continuously sampling the analog signals to obtain sampling signals; The signal processing module is electrically connected with the data acquisition module and is used for filtering the digital signal in real time so as to eliminate high-frequency noise and power frequency interference and obtain the actual ultrasonic amplitude; the amplitude adjusting module is electrically connected with the signal processing module and the display at the same time and is used for obtaining an adjusting signal for adjusting the ultrasonic equipment according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude; and the data output module is electrically connected with the amplitude adjusting module and the ultrasonic generator at the same time and is used for converting the adjusting signal into a current signal for adjusting the ultrasonic equipment and transmitting the current signal to the ultrasonic generator.
8. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system of claim 4, wherein said signal processing module is a finite impulse response digital filter.
9. The resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system of claim 4, wherein said amplitude adjustment module is configured to operate as follows: If (the target amplitude-the actual ultrasonic amplitude) > 1 μm, controlling to output an adjusting signal with a step value increased; If (the actual ultrasonic amplitude-the target amplitude) > 1 μm, controlling to output an adjustment signal reduced by one step value; And if the error between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude is within +/-1 mu m, controlling the output of a regulating signal which keeps the current output unchanged.
10. A resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding method, characterized by being applied to the resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: s1, enabling a user to set target amplitude, and placing a workpiece at a workpiece placement position of ultrasonic equipment; S2, transmitting ultrasonic waves to the workpiece through the ultrasonic equipment to induce resonance; s3, starting laser cladding equipment, adjusting the position of a laser cladding head of the laser cladding equipment through a mechanical motion system so as to realize the relative motion between the workpiece and the laser cladding head, and executing a laser cladding process; and S4, measuring the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece in real time through an amplitude modulation device, and adjusting the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the ultrasonic equipment according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude set by a user.

Description

Resonance type ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding and surface engineering, in particular to a resonant ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system and method. Background The ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding technology is a composite manufacturing technology which is integrated with the ultrasonic vibration technology in the laser cladding process to improve the solidification process and microstructure of molten pool metal, thereby obviously improving the coating performance. Conventional ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding systems typically include an ultrasonic generator, a transducer, an ultrasonic horn, and a workpiece. However, in the ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system, the workpiece and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer are not in a resonance state, so that ultrasonic amplitudes are not uniformly distributed on the surface of the workpiece, and energy transmission is uneven, and uneven energy transmission can lead to uneven coating microstructure and large performance fluctuation, so that repeatability of a process result is difficult to realize under a specific amplitude. Even in a system tuned to resonance initially, during laser cladding, the system is prone to deviate from resonance due to external factors such as temperature variations, increased coating thickness, and material property variations, resulting in fluctuations in ultrasonic amplitude. Due to the lack of a real-time amplitude adjustment mechanism, stable ultrasonic amplitude cannot be maintained in a dynamic process, and finally, the quality of a coating and the process stability are affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system and a resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding method, which particularly comprise the resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding system and the resonant ultrasonic vibration assisted laser cladding method. The invention provides a resonance type ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system, which comprises laser cladding equipment with a laser cladding head, and a mechanical movement system which is connected with the laser cladding equipment and is used for realizing the relative movement between a workpiece and the laser cladding head, and further comprises: An ultrasonic device for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the workpiece to induce resonance; And the amplitude modulation device is electrically connected with the ultrasonic equipment and is used for measuring the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece in real time and adjusting the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the ultrasonic equipment according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude set by a user. Aiming at the technical defects listed above, the resonance type ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system disclosed by the invention is provided with the ultrasonic equipment and the amplitude modulation device on the basis of the original laser cladding equipment and the mechanical motion system, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a workpiece by utilizing the ultrasonic equipment to induce resonance, uniform ultrasonic energy in a resonance state obviously refines the microstructure of the coating, reduces air holes and cracks, improves the compactness, surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the coating, and further has the effect of high coating quality. Meanwhile, the actual ultrasonic amplitude of the surface of the workpiece is measured in real time by using the amplitude modulation device, the ultrasonic transmitted by the ultrasonic equipment is regulated according to the difference between the actual ultrasonic amplitude and the target amplitude set by a user, so that closed-loop control of ultrasonic emission is realized, the problem of amplitude fluctuation (namely amplitude dynamic instability) of a traditional ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding system can be effectively overcome by closed-loop control, and consistent process effects can be obtained at different times, in different batches and on different workpieces. Under the cooperation of ultrasonic equipment and an amplitude modulation device, the system disclosed by the invention can be applied to laser cladding of large and complex-shaped workpieces, the application range of an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser cladding technology is widened, the automatic monitoring and adjustment of the whole process are realized, the dependence on experience of operators is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. In one possible embodiment, the ultrasonic device comprises: The ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the amplitude modulation device and is used for generating an electric signal corresponding to ultrasonic wa