CN-121976181-A - Super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on surface of hot die, and preparation method and application thereof

CN121976181ACN 121976181 ACN121976181 ACN 121976181ACN-121976181-A

Abstract

The application discloses a super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a hot mold, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of the super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot mold, comprising the following steps of S1) preparing cladding layer mixed powder, wherein the cobalt-based alloy powder comprises, by mass, 50-60% of Co, 30-35% of Cr, 1-3% of Fe, 1-2% of Si, 1-3% of Ni, 0.2% of Mn and 0.2% of Mo, and mixing the cobalt-based alloy powder with tungsten carbide powder respectively to obtain transition layer powder and wear layer powder. The ultra-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot mold prepared by the application creatively adopts the cobalt-based alloy as a high-temperature adhesive, is matched with large-particle broken tungsten carbide as a hard phase, and realizes the accurate matching of the performance of the cladding layer by differentially regulating and controlling the content of the tungsten carbide in the transition layer and the wear layer. The thickness of the whole coating is far more than that of the traditional PVD titanium nitride coating, so that long-acting protection can be provided for a hot die, and the service life of the hot die under the working condition of high temperature and high abrasion can be greatly prolonged.

Inventors

HOU PING
GAO MING
CHEN QIHAN
HONG CHANGHUA
ZHAO JIALONG
HAO RONGLIANG
CHEN YONGJIN
TAN XINGHAI
Yan tengfei

Assignees

芜湖舍达科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251215

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot die is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1) preparing the cladding layer mixed powder The cobalt-based alloy powder comprises, by mass, 50-60% of Co, 30-35% of Cr, 1-3% of Fe, 1-2% of Si, 1-3% of Ni, 0.2% of Mn and 0.2% of Mo, and is mixed with tungsten carbide powder to obtain transition layer powder and wear layer powder, wherein the mass ratio of tungsten carbide in the transition layer powder is 25-30% and the mass ratio of tungsten carbide in the wear layer powder is 60-65%; S2) pretreatment of die Placing the die in pickling solution for pickling to remove surface oxide skin and dirt, then placing the die in an industrial resistance furnace for preheating, and removing new oxide skin on the surface of the die before laser cladding; S3) laser cladding Sequentially preparing a transition layer and a wear layer on the surface of a die by adopting a laser cladding process, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 0.3-0.6mm, the thickness of the wear layer is 2.8-3.2mm, the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of a matrix and the transition layer is less than 5 multiplied by 10- 6 /°c, and the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the transition layer and the wear layer is less than 3 multiplied by 10- 6 /°c; s4) vacuum heat treatment And (3) putting the die subjected to laser cladding into a vacuum furnace for heat treatment so as to eliminate stress generated in the laser cladding process and fuse cracks in the laser cladding layer.
2. The method for producing a super-thick high temperature resistant wear resistant cladding layer on a hot mold surface according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the particle size of the cobalt-based alloy powder is 15-40 μm; The tungsten carbide powder is crushed tungsten carbide powder, the particle size of the tungsten carbide powder is 50-200 mu m, and the purity of the tungsten carbide powder is 99.9%.
3. The method for preparing the ultra-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot die as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the specific powder mixing process of the mixed powder is as follows: Putting cobalt-based alloy powder and tungsten carbide powder into a powder mixer, wherein the rotating speed of the powder mixer is 40-60rpm, the stirring speed is 70-120rpm, the powder mixing time is 4-8h, and 200-400ml of liquid nitrogen is introduced in the powder mixing process.
4. The method for preparing the ultra-thick high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot mold according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the pickling solution is prepared by mixing 0.2mol/L HCl and 0.2mol/L HNO 3 according to a mass ratio of 1:1.5; The preheating temperature of the die in the industrial resistance furnace is 200-350 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1h.
5. The method for preparing the ultra-thick high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot die according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, an yttrium aluminum garnet 4KW laser is adopted for laser cladding, the laser spot diameter is 2mm, and the powder feeding gas and the shielding gas of the laser cladding process are inert gases.
6. The method for preparing a super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on a surface of a hot mold according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the laser cladding process parameters for preparing the transition layer are as follows: The laser power is 1.4-1.6KW, the scanning speed is 15-20mm/s, the lap joint rate is 40-60%, the powder feeding rate is 2.5-3.0r/min, the gun distance is 10mm, the alpha deflection angle is-10 degrees, the beta deflection angle is-5 degrees, and the protection air flow is 15-20L/min.
7. The method for preparing the ultra-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the hot mold according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, before the wear layer is prepared, the formed laser cladding transition layer is placed into an industrial resistance furnace to be preheated to 200-300 ℃; the laser cladding process parameters for preparing the wear layer are as follows: The laser power is 1.2-1.5KW, the scanning speed is 12-16mm/s, the lap joint rate is 40-60%, the powder feeding rate is 2.2-2.6r/min, the gun distance is 10mm, the alpha deflection angle is-10 degrees, the beta deflection angle is-5 degrees, and the protection air flow is 15-20L/min.
8. The method for preparing a super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on a surface of a hot mold according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the process conditions of the vacuum heat treatment are as follows: The vacuum degree is 10-3Pa-10- 5 Pa; The temperature rising speed in the stage of 25-800 ℃ is less than or equal to 15 ℃ per minute, and the temperature rising speed in the stage of 800-1200 ℃ is less than or equal to 10 ℃ per minute, firstly preserving heat for 2-3h at 700-800 ℃ and then preserving heat for 15-30min at 1100-1200 ℃; The cooling speed in the stage of 1200-200 ℃ is less than or equal to 15 ℃ per minute so as to eliminate the stress generated in the laser cladding process and fuse cracks in the laser cladding layer.
9. A hot mold surface ultra-thick high temperature resistant wear resistant cladding layer, characterized in that the method is adopted for preparing the alloy material according to any one of claims 1-8; The normal temperature surface hardness of the cladding layer is more than or equal to 650HV, and the high temperature hardness is more than or equal to 650HV at 700 ℃; The abrasion rate of the cladding layer is 2.92 multiplied by 10- 6 g/N.m under the condition of 700 ℃ and 100N load, and the friction coefficient is 0.25.
10. Use of the hot mold surface ultra-thick high temperature resistant wear resistant cladding layer according to claim 9 in a glass forming mold.

Description

Super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on surface of hot die, and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of surface strengthening, in particular to a super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a hot mold, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The hot mold is a core device for realizing high-temperature molten glass shaping by combining external heat energy with mechanical force, is usually matched with glass production equipment such as a glass pressure blowing machine, a tube drawing machine and the like, can finish shaping of products such as glass bottles, cans, optical lenses and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of food packaging, electron optics and daily glass. With the improvement of the precision requirements of glass products and the improvement of the technology of mold materials, the glass forming mold has wider application in the modern glass industry by virtue of the outstanding advantages of high temperature resistance, strong forming stability and adaptation to automatic production. Meanwhile, the continuous expansion of downstream market demands drives the rapid development of the hot mold industry, the food and beverage industry in China steadily grows in scale since the 21 st century, the crossing development of special glass fields such as photovoltaic glass and medicinal glass is realized, the market demands of hot molds are directly pulled, and the 2024 scale is increased by more than 85% compared with 2018 only in the market of medicinal glass molds. It is worth noting that the hot mold needs to be contacted with molten glass at about 700 ℃ for a long time in the working process, and is simultaneously subjected to continuous scouring and repeated thermal cycling of glass melt, so that the mold cavity is extremely easy to have failure problems such as high-temperature abrasion, surface scratch, fatigue cracking and the like, and therefore the hot mold has high loss frequency in actual production, and is one of core components with short replacement period and high consumption in a glass production line. At present, the surface strengthening treatment for the hot die mainly adopts a PVD titanium nitride coating process and a nitriding process, but the two processes have obvious technical defects. The PVD titanium nitride coating process has the advantages that although the prepared coating has higher hardness, the thickness of the coating is extremely thin, the coating is usually only 1-5 mu m, the scratch of a sharp object or the serious abrasive wear protection capability is very limited, the long-term high-load use requirement of a hot die is difficult to meet, the service life is extremely limited, meanwhile, the process has the inherent defect of poor plating surrounding property, the influence of laser linear propagation characteristics is caused, the abnormal parts such as deep holes and grooves of a complex die are difficult to deposit on the uniform coating, and the integral surface strengthening of the die cannot be realized. For nitriding process, although the high-hardness coating can be prepared on the surface of the hot die, the formed compound layer has the defect of hardness and brittleness, microcracks and even coating flaking are extremely easy to generate under the severe impact or thermal shock working condition, and when the working temperature of the die exceeds 500-550 ℃ for a long time, nitrides in the coating can be rapidly gathered and coarsened, tempering softening phenomenon occurs, the hardness is greatly reduced, the strengthening effect is completely invalid, and the actual working temperature of the hot die at about 700 ℃ cannot be adapted. In summary, the existing hot mold surface strengthening process cannot meet the use requirements of high hardness, high wear resistance and thicker coating in a high-temperature environment at the same time, and is difficult to solve the core failure problems of high-temperature abrasion, scratch, fatigue cracking and the like of the hot mold cavity. Therefore, there is a need to develop a thermal mold surface cladding layer with ultra-thick coating, excellent high-temperature hardness and wear resistance and a preparation method thereof, which are suitable for the high-temperature environment of 650 ℃ to 750 ℃, so as to improve the service life of the thermal mold and meet the market demands of the glass industry on the precise and long-life thermal mold. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a super-thick high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of a hot mold, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing hot mold surface strengthening process in the background art cannot meet the use requirements of high hardness, high wear resistance and thicker coat