CN-121976256-A - Multipolar magnesium electrolytic tank capable of being repaired on line

Abstract

The invention discloses a multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell capable of being repaired on line, and relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal metallurgical equipment. The electrolytic tank comprises a tank body, a partition wall for dividing the interior of the tank body into an electrolytic chamber and a magnesium collecting chamber, wherein an anode component and a cathode component are arranged in the electrolytic chamber, and an anode cover is arranged at the top of the electrolytic chamber. The improvement is that the anode assembly consists of a plurality of anode modules which can be replaced independently, the anode cover is of an independently detachable cover body structure, and the partition wall comprises an upper partition wall which can be replaced on line. At least one of the anode module, the anode cap and the upper partition wall is configured to be independently replaceable or repairable without stopping production or brief power outage of the electrolytic cell. The invention realizes the on-line maintenance of the vulnerable parts by the modularized and detachable design of the key parts, can greatly prolong the service life of the electrolytic tank, reduce the maintenance cost, eliminate the potential safety hazard and maintain the high-efficiency stable operation of the electrolytic tank.

Inventors

• ZHU YONGHONG
• ZHU SHIYU

Assignees

• 祝世宇

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260206

Claims (10)

1. 1. The multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell capable of being repaired on line comprises a cell body and a partition wall, wherein the partition wall is arranged in the cell body and divides the cell body into an electrolytic chamber and a magnesium collecting chamber, an anode assembly and a cathode assembly are arranged in the electrolytic chamber, and an anode cover is arranged at the top of the electrolytic chamber, and the multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell is characterized in that: the anode assembly comprises a plurality of anode modules which can be independently replaced; the cathode assembly includes a plurality of steel cathodes; the anode cover is of a cover body structure which can be replaced independently of the tank body; The partition wall comprises an upper partition wall which can be replaced or repaired on line; Wherein at least one of the anode module, the anode cover and the upper partition wall is configured to be capable of being independently replaced or repaired without stopping production or temporarily powering down the electrolytic cell.
2. 2. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolyzer of claim 1 wherein said anode modules and steel cathodes of said cathode assembly are arranged alternately in a horizontal direction within said electrolyzer.
3. 3. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolyzer of claim 1 or 2 wherein each of said anode modules comprises a graphite anode and a bipolar plate fixedly connected together by an insulating connection.
4. 4. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolyzer of claim 3 wherein said anode covers are of a plurality of independently removable small cover structures, said number of anode covers corresponding to the number of anode modules and respectively overlying corresponding anode modules.
5. 5. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein each anode cover is provided with an opening for a corresponding graphite anode below to pass through, and the anode covers and the graphite anodes are detachably connected in a sealing way through a high-temperature sealing material.
6. 6. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein said upper partition wall is a ceramic partition wall that can be independently lifted and replaced.
7. 7. The online repairable multi-pole magnesium electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein said partition wall further comprises a lower partition wall, said lower partition wall being a metal plate and being welded with a plurality of said steel cathodes to together form a frame cathode structure.
8. 8. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein a slag outlet is arranged on a top cover of the magnesium collecting chamber.
9. 9. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell according to claim 1, further comprising an alternating current heating electrode for heating electrolyte, wherein the alternating current heating electrode is of an upward insertion structure and comprises a conductive rod and an insulating sleeve sleeved outside the conductive rod, the conductive rod can adjust the depth of inserting the electrolyte along the vertical direction, and the insulating sleeve is arranged on the top of the electrolytic cell.
10. 10. The online repairable multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein a perforated support platform is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic chamber and is connected with the bottom of the magnesium collecting chamber through a plurality of platform support columns.

Description

Multipolar magnesium electrolytic tank capable of being repaired on line Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal metallurgical equipment, in particular to an electrolytic tank for preparing metal magnesium by a molten salt electrolysis method, and especially relates to a multipolar magnesium electrolytic tank capable of being repaired on line. Background The molten salt electrolysis method is one of the important technological methods for industrial production of magnesium metal. The basic principle is that under the action of direct current, magnesium chloride in an electrolytic tank is subjected to electrochemical decomposition, chloride ions are discharged on an anode (usually graphite) to generate chlorine gas and collect and utilize the chlorine gas, and magnesium ions are subjected to electron acquisition on a cathode (usually steel) to reduce the magnesium ions into magnesium metal. The separated magnesium metal is brought into a special magnesium collecting chamber by the circulating flow of the electrolyte, and floats on the surface because the density of the magnesium metal is smaller than that of the electrolyte, so that separation and collection are realized. As a core device for magnesium electrolysis, the structure of the electrolytic cell has undergone continuous evolution, from an early-stage partitioned cell, a no-partition cell, to a multipolar magnesium electrolytic cell (structure shown in fig. 1) which is widely used at present. The multipolar groove adopts a structure that a plurality of anodes and cathodes are alternately arranged, and a plurality of bipolar plates are inserted between the cathodes and the anodes, so that the working face is increased, and the multipolar groove has the remarkable advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, high current efficiency, relatively low running cost and the like. Particularly, the method can produce high-concentration (such as more than 95 percent) chlorine, thereby greatly facilitating the subsequent chlorine treatment and resource utilization and enabling the chlorine to become a standard matching process in the whole-flow production of titanium sponge and the like. However, there are still several inherent problems to be solved in long-term operational reliability, maintainability and economy of the currently commonly used multipolar magnesium electrolysis cells, mainly in the following aspects: 1. The core components in the current tank, such as a graphite anode, a bipolar plate, an integral anode large cover and the like, are independent parts which are installed at one time during tank construction. Once breakage, excessive consumption or seal failure occurs during the operational cycle, no local repair or replacement can be performed during the production process. The electrolytic cell can only be forced to operate as a 'sick cell' with low efficiency, or stop the cell in advance to carry out full cell overhaul. Most of the lining and parts need to be replaced except the steel shell, the cost is high (300-400 ten thousand yuan in a single time), and each overhaul causes production stoppage which is about 30 days long, resulting in significant yield loss. Calculated as a typical tank life of 2 years, the overhaul cost of a ton of magnesium amortization is up to 1500-2000 yuan. 2. The upper partition wall and the lower partition wall which play a key separation role between the electrolysis chamber and the magnesium collecting chamber are of integral structures built by refractory materials. In operation, the partition wall cannot be repaired on line after being broken due to electrolyte washout, thermal stress or chemical attack. The damage of the upper partition wall can cause that chlorine gas generated by ① electrolytic chambers is communicated with magnesium liquid in a magnesium collecting chamber to perform secondary reaction, so that the magnesium yield is reduced, abnormal rise of the bath temperature can be caused by reaction heat release, ② chlorine gas escapes from a charging port and the like to deteriorate the working environment, ③ air possibly invades the electrolytic chambers, and oxidation loss of a graphite anode is accelerated. Damage to the lower partition wall can disturb the circulation path of the electrolyte design, directly affecting the electrolysis efficiency and magnesium collection. 3. To maintain the electrolysis temperature, side-inserted ac heating electrodes are typically provided in the cell. The structure has two major hidden troubles, namely electrolyte leakage accidents possibly occur due to burning loss or construction quality problems at the sealing position of the electrode and the tank body, and the electrode is easily buried by gradually accumulated tank slag in the operation process, so that the electrode cannot conduct electricity and heat normally. When the direct current power supply system fails, electrolyte in the tank is at risk of solid