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CN-121976278-A - Automatic control corrosion-resistant hard knife new deposition process

CN121976278ACN 121976278 ACN121976278 ACN 121976278ACN-121976278-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of novel hard knife deposition processes, and discloses an automatic control corrosion-resistant novel hard knife deposition process which comprises the steps of electroplating liquid preparation, electroplating liquid stirring, electrode installation ‌, electric field distribution control, parameter setting and starting, real-time monitoring and adjustment and hard knife cleaning, wherein diamond particles in the electroplating liquid can be uniformly dispersed in the whole solution through the process, and the suspension stability and uniformity of the diamond particles are further improved.

Inventors

  • ZHANG LIANJIA
  • ZHU KAIHUA
  • WU HONGLEI
  • Han Yangtong

Assignees

  • 南通伟腾半导体科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260211

Claims (9)

  1. 1. An automatically controlled corrosion-resistant hard knife new deposition process is characterized in that, The new deposition process comprises the following steps: S1, preparing electroplating solution, namely preparing nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, citric acid, boric acid, gold chloride, thiourea, potassium dichromate, diamond particles and water, adding the nickel sulfate, the sodium hypophosphite and the potassium dichromate into 60 ℃ hot water, stirring until the nickel sulfate, the sodium hypophosphite and the potassium dichromate are completely dissolved, then adding the citric acid and the boric acid, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.5, then sequentially adding the gold chloride and the thiourea, stirring and mixing, ‌ S2, stirring the electroplating solution, namely rapidly rotating and stirring the solution through a single deposition rod with adjustable rotating speed to replace a small motor stirring paddle of the old equipment, so that according to the viscosity of the solution and the density of particles, stirring at a low speed is used for mixing the solution, stirring at a high speed is used for suspending the particles, so that the particles are prevented from settling or splashing, a guide plate is arranged at the bottom of the deposition rod to form spiral flow, the spiral flow is used for enhancing the convection of the solution, and diamond particles in the electroplating solution are uniformly dispersed in the whole solution, so that the suspension stability and uniformity ‌ ‌ ‌ of the diamond particles are further improved; s3, mounting an electrode, namely, selecting a carbon fiber reinforced polymer as an electrode main body, plating a nano-level nickel layer on the surface of the electrode, further reducing the contact resistance, dividing the electrode into 3-5 layers, enabling the distance between each layer to be adjustable, forming electric field intensity decreasing distribution from the center to the edge through gradient design, ensuring that diamond particles are uniformly attached to the surface of a cutter, adopting a spring clamping structure, ensuring that the electrode is tightly contacted with a power line, smearing conductive paste at the joint, reducing the contact resistance to be less than 0.1 omega, and mounting the electrode in an electrode clamping sleeve or a special fixture of a deposition device, and ensuring that the electrode is kept perpendicular to the machining surface of the cutter ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌; S4, electric field distribution control, namely inputting electrode voltage differences of all layers into a control panel according to the size and the deposition thickness of a cutter, setting the bottom layer voltage to be 12V, the middle layer to be 10V and the top layer to be 8V for the cutter with the diameter of 50mm to form a gradient electric field, and using COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate electric field distribution to adjust the electrode spacing and the voltage differences so as to control the electric field intensity deviation to be within +/-3 percent ‌; S5, parameter setting and starting, wherein an operator inputs the size of a cutter, target deposition time and current intensity on a control panel, a heating rod and a cooling system are used for stabilizing the temperature of the solution within a range of 45-50 ℃, the solution is evaporated due to the fact that the temperature is too high, the deposition rate is affected due to the fact that the temperature is too low, and the current intensity is dynamically adjusted according to the deposition thickness requirement; S6, monitoring and adjusting in real time, namely monitoring the state of the solution in real time by using a pH meter, a temperature sensor and a conductivity meter, automatically adding an adjusting agent into the system when the pH value deviates from a range, triggering an alarm and adjusting heating power when the temperature is abnormal, measuring the current intensity by a Hall sensor, comparing the current intensity with a set value, automatically adjusting the power output by the system when the deviation exceeds +/-5%, simultaneously monitoring the turbidity of the solution by using an optical sensor, indirectly reflecting the concentration of diamond particles, automatically supplementing the particles by the system when the concentration is lower than the set value, and triggering a dilution program when the concentration is too high; And S7, cleaning a hard cutter, namely cleaning the hard cutter by using a six-axis mechanical arm, wherein the tail end of the mechanical arm is provided with a soft clamp, so that the surface of the cutter is not damaged, taking the cutter out of the electroplating bath, avoiding scratches caused by manual operation, then placing the cutter in a deionized water tank, removing surface residual liquid through ultrasonic cleaning for 5-10 minutes, controlling the water temperature to be 40-45 ℃ to enhance the cleaning effect, and then evaporating the water on the surface of the cutter by using a hot air dryer, controlling the temperature to be 80-100 ℃ to avoid deformation ‌ ‌ ‌ of the cutter caused by high temperature.
  2. 2. The novel deposition process of an automatically controlled corrosion-resistant hard knife according to claim 1, wherein the electroplating solution comprises, by mass, 20-30% of nickel sulfate ‌, 15-20% of sodium hypophosphite ‌, 10-15% of citric acid, 5-10% of boric acid, 0.5-2% of gold chloride, 0.1-0.5% of thiourea, 1-3% of potassium dichromate, ‌ -5% of diamond particles and the balance of water ‌.
  3. 3. The process for automatically controlling corrosion-resistant hard knife deposition according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic adjustment rotating speed of the deposition rod with adjustable rotating speed is 200-600r/min ‌ ‌ ‌.
  4. 4. The process for automatically controlling corrosion-resistant hard knife deposition of claim 1, wherein carbon nanotubes with a mass fraction of 2-5% are added into the carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix of the electrode for enhancing the conductivity and mechanical strength ‌ ‌ of the electrode.
  5. 5. The process of claim 1, wherein the diamond particles have a particle size of 10-50 μm and the surfaces of the diamond particles are pretreated with a silane coupling agent to enhance the bonding force ‌ with the metal coating.
  6. 6. The process of claim 1, wherein the gradient electric field has a voltage difference of + -0.1V and electrode spacing of + -0.5 mm ‌ ‌ ‌.
  7. 7. An automatically controlled corrosion resistant hard knife deposition process according to claim 1 wherein said optical sensor monitors turbidity at a frequency of 10-20 times per second, triggering an auto-replenishment procedure when diamond particle concentration is below a set point of 80%.
  8. 8. The process for automatically controlling corrosion-resistant hard knife deposition according to claim 1, wherein the motion trail of the six-axis mechanical arm is controlled by a preset program, the moving speed is 5-15cm/s, and the clamping force of the soft clamp is controlled within the range of 5-15N.
  9. 9. The process for automatically controlling corrosion-resistant hard knife deposition according to claim 1, wherein the hot air dryer has a wind speed of 2-5m/s and is provided with a temperature feedback system, and the heating power ‌ is automatically reduced when the temperature of the surface of the knife is detected to exceed 100 ℃.

Description

Automatic control corrosion-resistant hard knife new deposition process Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of novel hard knife deposition processes, and particularly relates to an automatically controlled corrosion-resistant novel hard knife deposition process. Background In the field of hard tool manufacturing, deposition processes are key technologies to improve tool wear resistance, corrosion resistance and service life. However, existing old deposition equipment may have the following problems in the hard knife deposition process: 1. The operation flow is complex, the human dependence is high, the operation flow of the old equipment is complex, and an operator is required to manually set a plurality of steps and adjust parameters, including electroplating solution preparation, stirring, electrode installation, electric field distribution control and the like. This not only puts higher demands on the technical level of operators, but also easily leads to unstable product quality due to human misoperation. For example, in the process of preparing the electroplating solution, if the pH value is not accurately adjusted, the subsequent deposition effect is affected, and if the contact resistance is not effectively reduced during the installation of the electrode, the electric field distribution is uneven, so that the uniform adhesion of diamond particles is affected. 2. Long deposition time and low production efficiency, and long deposition time is caused by low efficiency of old equipment in links such as stirring, electric field control and the like. Taking a 50mm diameter cutter as an example, it may take several hours to complete deposition on old equipment, while the new process can significantly shorten deposition time by optimizing stirring and electric field distribution. The long-time deposition not only increases the production cost, but also prolongs the working time of staff, and influences the overall production efficiency. 3. The diamond distribution uniformity is poor, the product quality is uneven, and the old equipment has obvious defects in the suspension and distribution of diamond particles. The small motor stirring paddle adopted by the method is difficult to realize effective convection of the solution, so that diamond particles are unevenly distributed in the electroplating solution, and sedimentation or local aggregation is easy to occur. In the deposition process, the non-uniformity can be directly reflected on the surface of the cutter, so that the adhesion density and the distribution state of diamond particles are inconsistent, the performance and the quality of the cutter are unstable, and the requirement of high-precision machining cannot be met. ‌ A For this purpose we propose a new deposition process for corrosion resistant hard knives with automatic control. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an automatically controlled corrosion-resistant novel hard cutter deposition process for improving the suspension stability and uniformity of diamond particles. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an automatically controlled corrosion-resistant hard knife new deposition process, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing electroplating solution, namely preparing nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, citric acid, boric acid, gold chloride, thiourea, potassium dichromate, diamond particles and water, adding the nickel sulfate, the sodium hypophosphite and the potassium dichromate into 60 ℃ hot water, stirring until the nickel sulfate, the sodium hypophosphite and the potassium dichromate are completely dissolved, adding citric acid and boric acid, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.5, sequentially adding the gold chloride and the thiourea, stirring and mixing, ‌ S2, stirring the electroplating solution, namely rapidly rotating and stirring the solution through a single deposition rod with adjustable rotating speed to replace a small motor stirring paddle of the old equipment, so that according to the viscosity of the solution and the density of particles, stirring at a low speed is used for mixing the solution, stirring at a high speed is used for suspending the particles, so that the particles are prevented from settling or splashing, a guide plate is arranged at the bottom of the deposition rod to form spiral flow, the spiral flow is used for enhancing the convection of the solution, and diamond particles in the electroplating solution are uniformly dispersed in the whole solution, so that the suspension stability and uniformity ‌ ‌ ‌ of the diamond particles are further improved; s3, mounting an electrode, namely, selecting a carbon fiber reinforced polymer as an electrode main body, plating a nano-level nickel layer on the surface of the electrode, further reducing the contact resistance, dividing the electrode into 3-5 layers, enabling the distance between each layer to be adjustable, forming electric field intensit