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CN-121976423-A - Paper-based wave-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121976423ACN 121976423 ACN121976423 ACN 121976423ACN-121976423-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a paper-based wave-absorbing material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The paper-based wave absorbing material comprises chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fibers, chopped meta-aramid fibers, fibrillated meta-aramid fibers and carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers, wherein the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fibers comprise chopped para-aramid fibers, a copper layer and a magnetic metal layer from inside to outside, and the carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers comprise fibrillated meta-aramid fibers and carbon-based nanomaterial layers from inside to outside. The paper-based wave-absorbing material has the advantages of thin thickness, low density, excellent low-frequency wave-absorbing performance, excellent mechanical property, good machinability and the like, and the preparation method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the production cost is low, and the paper-based wave-absorbing material is suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.

Inventors

  • JU WENBO
  • WU YOU
  • LU ZHONGCHEN

Assignees

  • 华南理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251215

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A paper-based wave absorbing material is characterized by comprising chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fibers, chopped meta-aramid fibers, fibrillated meta-aramid fibers and carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers, wherein the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fibers comprise chopped para-aramid fibers, a copper layer and a magnetic metal layer from inside to outside, and the carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers comprise fibrillated meta-aramid fibers and a carbon-based nanomaterial layer from inside to outside.
  2. 2. The paper-based wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the average length of the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber is 4 mm-8 mm, the average diameter is 17-21 μm, the thickness of the copper layer is 0.5-1.0 μm, the thickness of the magnetic metal layer is 1.0-1.5 μm, and the magnetic metal layer is one of a nickel layer, an iron-nickel binary alloy layer and an iron-cobalt-nickel ternary alloy layer.
  3. 3. The paper-based wave absorbing material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber is prepared by a preparation method comprising the steps of sequentially electroless plating copper, electroplating copper and electroplating magnetic metal on para-aramid fiber, and then chopping to obtain the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber.
  4. 4. The paper-based wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the average length of the chopped meta-aramid fiber is 4-8 mm, the average diameter is 13-15 μm, the average length of the fibrillated meta-aramid fiber is 0.2-0.6 mm, and the average diameter is 10-30 μm.
  5. 5. The paper-based wave absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the carbon-based nanomaterial is modified and fibrillated meta-aramid fiber, the mass fraction of the carbon-based nanomaterial is 4% -5%, and the composition of the carbon-based nanomaterial layer comprises at least one of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and carboxylated carbon nanotubes.
  6. 6. The paper-based wave absorbing material according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the carbon-based nanomaterial-modified fibrillated meta-aramid fiber is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: a) Sequentially carrying out surface modification treatment on fibrillated meta-aramid fibers by using polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, sodium poly (p-styrenesulfonate) and polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride to obtain hydrophilic fibrillated meta-aramid fibers with positive charges on the surfaces; b) Dispersing hydrophilic fibrillated meta-aramid fibers with positive charges on the surfaces and carbon-based nano materials in water for electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly to obtain carbon-based nano material modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers.
  7. 7. The paper-based wave-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 and 5, wherein the mass percentage of the four fibers in the paper-based wave-absorbing material is as follows: 5% -55% of short-cut magnetic metal-organic composite fiber; 10% -60% of chopped meta-aramid fiber; 10% -40% of fibrillated meta-aramid fiber; 5% -40% of carbon-based nano material modified fibrillated meta-aramid fiber.
  8. 8. The paper-based wave-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1,2,4 and 5, wherein the thickness of the paper-based wave-absorbing material is 0.2mm to 0.3mm.
  9. 9. A method for producing the paper-based wave-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: 1) Dispersing chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fibers, chopped meta-aramid fibers, fibrillated meta-aramid fibers and carbon nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fibers in water for fluffing to obtain fiber raw pulp; 2) And manufacturing the fiber raw pulp, and drying to obtain the paper-based wave-absorbing material.
  10. 10. An electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet comprising at least one layer of the paper-based wave absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Paper-based wave-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, in particular to a paper-based wave absorbing material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The radio frequency microwave technology is a technology for transmitting, processing or utilizing information by utilizing radio waves with the frequency range of 300 MHz-300 GHz, and is widely applied to the fields of radar detection, 5G communication and the like. With the rapid development of intelligent electronic equipment, a large amount of electromagnetic radiation in a low-frequency microwave region (L wave band: 1 GHz-2 GHz; S wave band: 2 GHz-4 GHz; C wave band: 4 GHz-8 GHz) is generated, so that the concern of the public on electromagnetic pollution problems is raised. Meanwhile, the low-frequency detection radar has become a widely used remote early warning means in military, and in order to improve the battlefield sudden-prevention capability of military equipment, the low-frequency stealth performance has become a key design index of a modern military platform. Electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are a class of materials that can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves and convert them into thermal energy for dissipation. However, the main working frequency band of the traditional electromagnetic wave absorbing material is 8 GHz-18 GHz, absorption can not cover the S wave band and the L wave band, and the thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorbing material is larger, for example, CN 112026272A discloses a novel honeycomb structure wave absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, a Co layer and a Ni layer are sequentially and chemically plated on the surface of para-aramid fiber to prepare metallized aramid fiber, the metallized aramid fiber is crushed into chopped fibers, the chopped fibers are used as reinforcing fibers, phenolic resin is used as a binder, a papermaking process is used for preparing aramid wave absorbing paper, the wave absorbing aramid paper is used for preparing the honeycomb structure wave absorbing material through a honeycomb preparation process, the effective absorption bandwidth of the wave absorbing material can reach 5.3GHz (5.0 GHz-10.3 GHz), but the thickness of the wave absorbing material reaches 8mm, and the absorption can not cover the S wave band and the L wave band, CN 119465686A discloses an aramid nanofiber low-frequency wave absorbing composite material and a preparation method thereof, the para-aramid fiber is subjected to modification treatment by using polysiloxane, feCo nano-loaded on the surface of the fiber is subjected to a paper-making process by using the chopped fibers, and the composite wave absorbing material can not be prepared into the wave absorbing material with the effective absorption bandwidth of the honeycomb structure wave absorbing material when the electromagnetic wave absorbing material reaches the S wave band is only at the frequency band of 6GHz and the frequency band is only at the frequency of 6GHz, and the frequency band is 1 GHz. In summary, the existing electromagnetic wave absorbing materials have obvious defects and cannot meet the increasing practical application requirements. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an electromagnetic wave absorbing material which is thin, low in density, excellent in low-frequency wave absorbing performance, excellent in mechanical performance, and good in workability. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a paper-based wave-absorbing material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: The paper-based wave absorbing material comprises a chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber, a chopped meta-aramid fiber, a fibrillated meta-aramid fiber and a carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fiber, wherein the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber comprises a chopped para-aramid fiber, a copper layer and a magnetic metal layer from inside to outside, and the carbon-based nanomaterial modified fibrillated meta-aramid fiber comprises a fibrillated meta-aramid fiber and a carbon-based nanomaterial layer from inside to outside. Preferably, the average length of the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber is 4-8 mm, and the average diameter is 17-21 mu m. Preferably, the thickness of the copper layer is 0.5-1.0 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the magnetic metal layer is 1.0-1.5 μm. Preferably, the magnetic metal layer is one of a nickel layer, an iron-nickel binary alloy (Fe xNi1-x) layer, and an iron-cobalt-nickel ternary alloy (Fe xCo1-xNiy) layer. Preferably, the chopped magnetic metal-organic composite fiber is prepared by a preparation method comprising the steps of sequentially electroless plating copper, electroplating copper and electroplatin