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CN-121976431-A - Composite fiber material and preparation method thereof

CN121976431ACN 121976431 ACN121976431 ACN 121976431ACN-121976431-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of papermaking, and provides a composite fiber material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite fiber material comprises a reinforcing layer and a functional layer which are arranged in a laminated manner; the reinforcing layer comprises a matrix-fibril type composite fiber, the matrix-fibril type composite fiber comprises a synthetic fibril and a matrix fiber covered on at least part of the surface of the synthetic fibril, the functional layer comprises a sheath-core type composite fiber, and the sheath-core type composite fiber comprises a core layer and a functional skin layer coated on at least part of the surface of the core layer. The application improves the interface combination and load transfer efficiency of the synthetic fibril and the cellulose network in the enhancement layer to construct a high-strength bearing framework, the functional layer limits the functional components on the surface of the fiber to form a stable functional skin layer, avoids the functional components from forming a weak boundary layer between the fibers and weakening the fiber combination, and the two layers cooperatively realize the paper-based material to maintain high strength and reduce the interlayer peeling risk while obtaining the target surface function.

Inventors

  • ZHOU YURAN
  • ZHOU FANGMING

Assignees

  • 上海同济工程咨询有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260304

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A composite fiber material, characterized in that the composite fiber material comprises a reinforcing layer and a functional layer which are arranged in a laminated manner; The reinforcing layer comprises matrix-fibril type composite fibers, wherein the matrix-fibril type composite fibers comprise synthetic fibrils and matrix fibers which cover at least part of the surfaces of the synthetic fibrils; The functional layer comprises a sheath-core type composite fiber, and the sheath-core type composite fiber comprises a core layer and a functional skin layer coated on at least part of the surface of the core layer.
  2. 2. The composite fiber material according to claim 1, wherein, The synthetic fibrils comprise at least one of aramid fibers, PBO fibers, and/or The matrix fiber comprises at least one of microfibrillated cellulose, nanocellulose, and/or The synthetic fibrils have a length of 3-12mm, a linear density of 0.5-3.0dtex, and/or The mass percentage of the matrix fiber is 0.5-10% based on the absolute dry mass of the fiber of the reinforcing layer.
  3. 3. The composite fiber material according to claim 1, wherein, The core layer comprises cellulose fibers, and/or The functional skin layer comprises at least one of a conductive polymer skin layer and a hydrophobic polymer skin layer; the weight percentage of the functional skin layer is 5-35% based on the absolute dry weight of the sheath-core type composite fiber.
  4. 4. The composite fiber material according to claim 3, wherein, The conductive polymer skin layer comprises at least one of poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) system conductive polymer, polyaniline, polypyrrole system conductive polymer, and/or The hydrophobic polymer skin layer comprises at least one of acrylic acid hydrophobic emulsion, AKD system and ASA system.
  5. 5. A method of making a composite fiber material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: S100, mixing the synthetic fibrils with cellulose matrix fibers to obtain reinforcing layer fiber slurry; s200, mixing the cellulose core fiber with the functional skin dispersion, and solidifying and anchoring to obtain functional layer fiber slurry; s300, respectively performing plasma surface activation treatment and ultrasonic treatment on the reinforcing layer fiber slurry and the functional layer fiber slurry to obtain reinforcing layer slurry and functional layer slurry; S400, sequentially laminating and manufacturing the reinforcing layer slurry and the functional layer slurry into wet paper sheets by adopting a layered slurry distribution forming process, and carrying out step hot pressing and heat preservation treatment on the wet paper sheets to obtain a finished product.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, in S300, The plasma surface activation treatment comprises low temperature plasma treatment, radio frequency power of 80-400W, treatment time of 20-180s, and/or The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 20-40kHz, the power density is 0.4-1.2W/mL, the treatment time is 3-15min, and the treatment temperature is controlled to be 20-40 ℃.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of adding a retention aid and fine particles to the slurry of the reinforcing layer before the slurry of the reinforcing layer and the slurry of the functional layer are on the web is performed in step S400.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The retention aid comprises cationic polyacrylamide, and the mass percentage of the retention aid is 0.01-0.03% based on the absolute dry mass of the fiber; The particles comprise at least one of silica sol and bentonite, and the mass percentage of the particles is 0.02-0.06% based on the absolute dry mass of the fiber.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 5, wherein, in S400, The step hot pressing temperature is 120-200deg.C, line pressure is 200-800kN/m, and/or The temperature of the heat preservation treatment is 120-160 ℃ and the time is 5-30min.
  10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step hot press is a 2-6 pass hot press, and the line pressure is increased stepwise from 200kN/m to 800kN/m.

Description

Composite fiber material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of papermaking materials, in particular to a composite fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Background The paper-based material takes a hydrogen bond network constructed by cellulose fibers as a main bearing system, has the advantages of wide sources, reproducibility, easiness in processing and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of packaging, printing, functional materials and the like. Along with the expansion of application scenes, the paper-based material is required to meet certain mechanical indexes such as tensile strength, bursting strength and the like, and is often required to have surface or interface functions such as conductivity, hydrophobicity, barrier, antibiosis and the like. In the prior art, synthetic fibers and microfibrillated fibers are usually introduced into the slurry to improve the skeleton strength, or functions are given by adding functional particles, functional polymers, coating, dipping and the like, and the multi-layer forming or laminated composite structure is adopted in the prior art, so that different layers respectively bear the tasks of mechanical reinforcement and function realization. However, existing paper-based functionalization schemes generally suffer from the disadvantage that the functional components or functional fibers tend to interfere with the effective bonding between the fibers in the fiber network and form weak interfaces, making it difficult to maintain high strength while achieving the target function of the paper-based material, and increasing the risk of delamination. Specifically, when the functional components migrate, aggregate or form a continuous phase among fibers, weak boundary layers are easily formed at the contact positions of the fibers, the hydrogen bonding area and the interface load transmission efficiency are reduced, and in a multi-layer structure, the weak interface effect can be further amplified, so that the bonding strength among composite layers is reduced, and the compatible realization of high strength and functionalization is restricted. Disclosure of Invention One of the problems addressed by the present invention is how to provide a composite fiber material. One of the problems to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a method for preparing a composite fiber material. In order to solve at least one of the problems, the invention provides a composite fiber material, which comprises a reinforcing layer and a functional layer which are arranged in a laminated way, wherein the reinforcing layer comprises a matrix-fibril type composite fiber, the matrix-fibril type composite fiber comprises synthetic fibrils and matrix fibers covered on at least part of the surfaces of the synthetic fibrils, the functional layer comprises a sheath-core type composite fiber, and the sheath-core type composite fiber comprises a core layer and a functional skin layer coated on at least part of the surfaces of the core layer. In the technical scheme, the synthetic fiber comprises at least one of aramid fiber and PBO fiber, and/or the matrix fiber comprises at least one of microfibrillated cellulose and nanocellulose, and/or the synthetic fiber has a length of 3-12mm and a linear density of 0.5-3.0dtex, and/or the mass percentage of the matrix fiber is 0.5-10% based on the absolute dry mass of the fiber of the reinforcing layer. In the technical scheme, the core layer comprises cellulose fibers, and/or the functional skin layer comprises at least one of a conductive polymer skin layer and a hydrophobic polymer skin layer, wherein the mass percentage of the functional skin layer is 5-35% based on the absolute dry mass of the sheath-core type composite fibers. In the technical scheme, the conductive polymer skin layer comprises at least one of a poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) system conductive polymer, polyaniline and a polypyrrole system conductive polymer, and/or the hydrophobic polymer skin layer comprises at least one of an acrylic acid hydrophobic emulsion, an AKD system and an ASA system. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite fiber material, which comprises the following steps: S100, mixing the synthetic fibrils with cellulose matrix fibers to obtain reinforcing layer fiber slurry; s200, mixing the cellulose core fiber with the functional skin dispersion, and solidifying and anchoring to obtain functional layer fiber slurry; S300, respectively performing plasma surface activation treatment and ultrasonic treatment on the reinforcing layer fiber slurry and the functional layer fiber slurry to obtain reinforcing layer slurry and functional layer slurry; s400, sequentially laminating the reinforcing layer slurry and the functional layer slurry by adopting a layered slurry distribution forming process to form a wet paper sheet, and carrying out step hot pressing and h