CN-121976479-A - Intelligent perception type expansion pier and construction method

CN121976479ACN 121976479 ACN121976479 ACN 121976479ACN-121976479-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge pier construction guidance and monitoring, in particular to an intelligent perception type expansion pier and a construction method, wherein the expansion pier comprises an optical fiber network system and an intelligent steel mold, the optical fiber network system comprises armored optical fibers and special reinforced protection optical fibers at a normal water level, the armored optical fibers and the special reinforced protection optical fibers are buried in an expansion section and fixed with a reinforcement cage, and pressure, displacement and three-dimensional positioning sensors are arranged in the intelligent steel mold and are connected with a construction monitoring platform through a wireless transmission module. The method comprises the steps of planning an optical fiber path based on original bridge pier stress analysis, customizing and calibrating an intelligent steel die containing a sensor, pouring concrete after assembling the steel die, monitoring adjustment parameters in real time, pouring an embedded optical fiber when the steel die is at a preset elevation, periodically collecting optical fiber data in a bridge operation stage, and building a health model. The invention realizes the deep integration of structure expansion and health monitoring, controls construction quality in real time, early warns operation risks in advance, provides data support for intelligent management and maintenance of bridges, prolongs service life of the bridges, and reduces total life cycle cost.

Inventors

JIANG XIDONG
GUAN XINMIN
TANG XU
ZHOU LIPENG
XU YINGWEI
LIU SHENGBIN
WANG HUILI
QIN YONG
MAO ZIGANG
ZHAO YULONG
REN HAITAO
SUN JINPENG

Assignees

中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司
中铁建大桥工程局集团西北工程有限公司
大连理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260122

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent perception type expansion pier is characterized by comprising an optical fiber network system and an intelligent steel die; The optical fiber network system comprises an optical fiber and an operation monitoring platform, wherein the optical fiber is buried in the enlarged section, is connected with the operation monitoring platform and is bound and fixed with the reinforcement cage; The intelligent steel die is internally provided with a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a three-dimensional positioning sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is used for collecting concrete lateral pressure data of different heights and different positions, the displacement sensor is used for recording the sedimentation and lateral deformation conditions of a template, the three-dimensional positioning sensor is used for monitoring the axial deviation of an enlarged section and an original pier body and a capping beam, and the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the three-dimensional positioning sensor are all in communication connection with a construction monitoring platform through a wireless transmission module.
2. The intelligent sensing type enlarged pier of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor monitors the concrete side pressure as follows: P=K×∆U×(1+λ×T a -0.3 )×η The method comprises the steps of setting a concrete side pressure in units of kPa, setting a sensor calibration coefficient in units of kPa/mV, setting a sensor output voltage variation in units of U, setting a concrete consistency correction coefficient in units of mV, setting a concrete consistency correction coefficient in a value range of 0.02-0.08, setting an environment temperature in units of C, setting a casting height correction coefficient in units of eta, setting a casting height correction coefficient in a value range of 1.0-1.5, setting eta=1+0.03XH, and setting a casting height in units of m.
3. The intelligent sensing type expansion pier according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor monitors the deformation of the template as follows: δ=(L 0 -L t ）×（1+ε×t 0.2 ）-δ 0 The method comprises the steps of setting delta as template deformation in mm, setting positive value as settlement/lateral displacement, setting L 0 as initial distance, setting reference distance between a sensor and a template in mm, setting L t as actual measurement distance at a certain moment in mm, setting epsilon as sensor drift correction coefficient, setting value range as 0.001-0.005, setting t as monitoring time length in min, and setting delta 0 as template installation initial deviation in mm.
4. The intelligent perception type expansion pier according to claim 1, wherein the stress monitoring of the optical fiber network system is based on brillouin scattering effect, and the stress is: Wherein, the The stress of the position where the optical fiber is located is expressed in MPa; The unit is MHz for actually measuring the variation of the Brillouin frequency shift; Is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the optical fiber; The unit is the temperature variation, and is DEG C; Is the stress sensitivity coefficient of the optical fiber.
5. The intelligent sensing type expansion pier according to claim 1, wherein the crack monitoring of the optical fiber network system is based on the attenuation characteristics of optical signals, and the crack signals are characterized in that: Wherein, the Is a distance from the starting point of the optical fiber An optical signal amplitude at; is the initial optical signal amplitude; Is the normal attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber; Is the extra attenuation in dB at the crack.
6. A method of constructing an intelligent perceived type enlarged pier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: based on the stress analysis result of the original pier structure, the bending moment and shear peak area of the pier body are defined, and an optical fiber sensing path is planned; The pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the three-dimensional positioning sensor are all arranged on the inner side of the intelligent steel die, and each sensor is in communication connection with the construction monitoring platform through the wireless transmission module, so that data real-time transmission is realized; zero point calibration is carried out on the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the three-dimensional positioning sensor by adopting a high-precision calibration instrument; When the concrete with the enlarged cross section is poured, relevant monitoring data are collected in real time through each sensor and transmitted to a construction monitoring platform, the platform automatically generates a real-time change curve, if any monitoring data are abnormal, pouring operation is immediately suspended, and construction is resumed after construction parameters are checked and adjusted; When concrete is poured to a preset elevation, optical fibers are buried in the enlarged section according to a planned sensing path, and the optical fibers are spirally arranged along the stress leading direction to ensure that key stressed parts are covered on the whole surface; after the bridge is put into operation, optical fiber strain data are collected by an optical fiber signal demodulator at regular intervals, and the crack development, structural settlement and local stress mutation conditions of the pier body are synchronously monitored; And comparing the collected monitoring data with bridge design parameters, establishing a bridge pier health model, automatically pushing early warning information if the monitoring data trigger early warning conditions, analyzing a bridge pier performance attenuation rule based on the monitoring data accumulated for a long time, and providing support for operation and maintenance decision.
7. The construction method of the intelligent perception type expansion pier according to claim 6, wherein the intelligent steel mould adopts a two-petal structure, the two-petal steel mould is spliced in a butt joint mode during assembly, and then the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the three-dimensional positioning sensor are correspondingly installed at preset installation positions on the inner side of the intelligent steel mould through bolt fastening connection.
8. The construction method of the intelligent perception type enlarged pier according to claim 6 is characterized in that finite element analysis software is adopted to conduct structural stress simulation analysis on the original pier, key stress areas of the pier body are defined, optical fibers are evenly distributed according to preset intervals, and the distribution range covers core stress sections from the top to the bottom of the pier body.
9. The construction method of the intelligent perception type enlarged pier according to claim 6, wherein the sensors of the same type on the intelligent steel mould are distributed according to preset intervals in a vertical uniform arrangement mode, the distribution range of the sensors covers a core monitoring section from the top to the bottom of the pier body, the top sensor is arranged close to the pier top, and the bottom sensor is arranged close to the pier bottom.
10. The construction method of intelligent perception type expansion pier according to claim 6, characterized in that after the bridge is put into operation, strain data of the embedded optical fiber is collected once a week by using an optical fiber signal demodulator, early warning is triggered when the sedimentation rate is more than 2 mm/month, and extra attenuation is achieved at the crack Greater than 3dB is a significant crack.

Description

Intelligent perception type expansion pier and construction method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of bridge pier construction guidance and monitoring, in particular to an intelligent perception type enlarged pier and a construction method. Background Along with the rapid promotion of the construction of the traffic infrastructure in China, the number of bridge projects is continuously increased, and the safety operation and the full life cycle maintenance of the bridge become core tasks for guaranteeing the stable operation of the traffic network. The bridge pier is used as a key bearing member of the bridge, the structural integrity and the health state of the bridge directly determine the overall safety performance and the service life of the bridge, and the bridge pier occupies an irreplaceable position in a bridge engineering system. In the field of bridge pier body reinforcement, the traditional pier expansion technology suffers from the double technical bottlenecks of difficult control of construction quality and untimely operation monitoring for a long time. In the construction stage, the traditional process excessively relies on experience of operators to judge concrete pouring parameters, and aims at the defects that the template is cracked, the compactness of the enlarged section concrete is insufficient and the like due to parameter setting deviation, and the reliability of reinforcement engineering is seriously affected because key construction indexes such as the stress state, the deformation degree and the lateral pressure of the concrete are lack of effective real-time monitoring means. In the operation stage, the existing mode adopts a mode of combining regular manual inspection and sampling detection, so that the labor intensity is high, the coverage range is limited, the real-time capturing of potential risks such as pier body stress change, crack initiation expansion and the like is more difficult to realize, and potential safety hazards are often enlarged due to early warning lag. Meanwhile, the mode lacks continuous data support for the whole life cycle of the bridge pier, cannot accurately master the structural performance attenuation law, and brings great challenges to scientific planning of operation and maintenance strategies. Although the prior related technology is improved to a certain extent, for example, patent documents CN202510823388.3 and CN117773965A patrol bridge piers through unmanned aerial vehicles or robots, the problems of low manual patrol efficiency and high cost are solved, but the timeliness of real-time guidance and dynamic monitoring of operation states in the construction process is still obviously insufficient, and patent document CN116499423A adopts a laser emission and collection unit to realize pier monitoring and construction guidance, but the practical problems of high equipment cost and high difficulty of construction operation are faced, and the large-scale popularization and application are difficult. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an intelligent perception type expansion pier and a construction method, which realize the deep fusion of structure expansion and health monitoring, and provide data support for bridge construction optimization and intelligent management and maintenance by capturing construction key parameters in real time and dynamically controlling construction quality, and perceiving the development states of pier body stress, deformation and damage in an operation stage. In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the application is that the intelligent perception type expansion pier comprises an optical fiber network system and an intelligent steel mould; the optical fiber network system comprises an optical fiber and an operation monitoring platform, wherein the optical fiber is buried in the enlarged section, is connected with the operation monitoring platform and is bound and fixed with the reinforcement cage to prevent displacement in the pouring and vibrating process; The intelligent steel die is internally provided with a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a three-dimensional positioning sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is used for collecting concrete lateral pressure data of different heights and different positions, the displacement sensor is used for recording the sedimentation and lateral deformation conditions of a template, the three-dimensional positioning sensor is used for monitoring the axial deviation of an enlarged section and an original pier body and a capping beam, and the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor and the three-dimensional positioning sensor are all in communication connection with a construction monitoring platform through a wireless transmission module. In yet another implementation of the present invention, the pressure sensor monitors the concrete side pressure as: P=K×∆U×(1+λ×Ta-0.3)×η The method comprises the steps of sett