CN-121976513-A - Friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and method thereof

CN121976513ACN 121976513 ACN121976513 ACN 121976513ACN-121976513-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and a method thereof, the device comprises a radial and latitudinal fiber bundle universe self-sensing unit, a radial and latitudinal interweaving local self-sensing unit, a distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit and a channel base instability identification unit. The radial and weft fiber bundle universe self-sensing unit is contacted with soil body The local self-sensing unit at the interweaved position enhances the local stress and micro-displacement monitoring capability to form a composite multidimensional sensing network. The distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit is used for continuously acquiring and maintaining the friction electric signal. The channel-based instability identification unit processes and pattern-identifies the acquired signals, and realizes the identification of the dynamic change of the channel-based and the potential instability risk. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, self-power supply, high resolution, strong adaptability and the like, and is suitable for long-term safety monitoring of airport road bases.

Inventors

PANG YAFENG
LIN HONGWEI
ZHU XINGYI
LI JIANXIN
HAN ZHANCHUANG
Xie Duochao
YE YU
LIU JIANA

Assignees

广州航海学院
广州白云国际机场股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251217

Claims (9)

1. The self-sensing device comprises a radial and latitudinal fiber bundle global self-sensing unit, a radial and latitudinal interweaving local self-sensing unit, a distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit and a channel-based instability identification unit.
2. The friction channel base instability universe-local multidimensional self-sensing device and method according to claim 1 are characterized in that the radial and latitudinal fiber bundle universe self-sensing units are composed of radial fiber bundle self-sensing units and latitudinal fiber bundle self-sensing units, the radial and latitudinal fiber bundle universe self-sensing units autonomously generate electric signals through contact-separation friction with soil bodies, the radial fiber bundle self-sensing units construct longitudinal section sensing of the channel base to monitor deep deformation, and the latitudinal fiber bundle self-sensing units construct transverse section sensing of the channel base to monitor surface layer integral variation, so that overall base integral variation is known.
3. The friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the local self-sensing unit at the radial-weft interweaving position is an elastic conductive small sphere, the relative electronegativity of the elastic conductive small sphere is higher than that of the radial and weft fiber bundle domain self-sensing unit, the elastic conductive small sphere and the elastic conductive small sphere form a composite friction electrification sensing unit with the radial and weft fiber bundle domain self-sensing unit at the interweaving point, and electric signals are generated through local contact, separation and friction, so that the channel base local stress and tiny displacement are monitored with high sensitivity, the global fiber bundle sensing is supplemented, and the composite multidirectional sensing is realized.
4. The friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and the method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that the distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit comprises a circuit holding structure for maintaining continuity of circuit conduction and a friction electric energy rectifying-temporary storage-voltage stabilizing module, wherein the circuit holding structure consists of a flexible conducting layer, a deformation buffer layer and an interface stabilizing structure and keeps stable conduction within a strain range of 5% -20%, the friction electric energy rectifying-temporary storage-voltage stabilizing module dynamically adjusts sampling and energy distribution strategies according to the intensity of friction electric signals, so that a sensing network achieves an acquisition refresh frequency of 10-100 Hz, the signal response time is less than or equal to 50 ms, continuous stable operation is achieved for more than or equal to 6 months in a natural environment, and continuous and reliable signal acquisition and identification of the global-local sensing network under different channel base settlement, slippage and dynamic vibration conditions are guaranteed.
5. The friction channel-based destabilizing domain-local multidimensional self-perception device and the method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the channel-based destabilizing recognition unit comprises a signal preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a deep neural network analysis module and an adaptive threshold judgment module, wherein: the signal preprocessing module carries out denoising, normalization and 0.5-2s time window segmentation processing on the friction electric signals acquired by the self-sensing units at the radial, weft and interweaving positions at the sampling frequency of 125-1000 Hz; the characteristic extraction module is used for constructing an 8-dimensional composite characteristic vector comprising 5-20% of signal peak amplitude change rate per second, 0.1-2.0V of signal root mean square value, 0-500 Hz of energy spectrum density of a main vibration frequency band, 80-250 Hz of frequency spectrum migration center of gravity, 5000-30000 Hz2 of frequency spectrum dispersion variance, 0-pi of wave source positioning phase difference, 200-400 Hz of local fracture high-frequency energy duty ratio, 5-30% and 400-700 Hz of material attenuation roll-off point frequency through frequency domain joint analysis; The deep neural network analysis module adopts a fusion structure of a convolutional neural network and a long-period and short-period memory network, wherein the convolutional neural network has 3-5 layers, the convolutional kernel size is 3 multiplied by 3-5 multiplied by 5, the number of the long-period and short-period memory network units is 64-128, and the deep neural network analysis module is used for realizing space-time joint modeling of the characteristics of the friction electric signals and outputting channel-based dynamics evolution state parameters; The self-adaptive threshold judging module updates a threshold interval by utilizing statistical characteristics within a sliding time window of 5-30min based on historical monitoring data and real-time environment parameters, dynamically corrects the threshold by an exponential weighted average algorithm, and realizes the grading judgment of instability risks such as deformation, looseness, slippage and the like of the road base; the self-updating rate of the threshold value is set to be 0.01-0.1/period, and the self-updating rate can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the environmental temperature and humidity, so that the robustness and the instantaneity of the instability early warning under the multi-mode signal are remarkably improved.
6. The friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and the method thereof according to claim 2 are characterized in that the thickness of the friction layer of the radial fiber bundle self-sensing unit is 2-6 mm, the flexibility index is 40-70, the thickness of the friction layer of the weft fiber bundle self-sensing unit is 1.5-5 mm, and the flexibility index is 50-75.
7. The friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and method according to claim 6, wherein the radial fiber bundle self-sensing unit friction layer material is high-elasticity nylon fiber, and the weft fiber bundle self-sensing unit friction layer material is high-shear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.
8. The apparatus and method for self-sensing domain-local multidimensional domain of channel-based instability of a triboelectric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the method for self-sensing domain of channel-based instability comprises the steps of: a) The radial and weft fiber bundle global self-sensing units are paved along a road base to be monitored, so that local self-sensing units at the radial and weft interweaving positions are ensured to be arranged at the interweaving positions, and a global-local composite multidimensional friction inductance sensing network is formed; b) The friction electrification effect is generated through the contact-separation movement of the fiber bundles and the soil body caused by the settlement, vibration or external force of the channel base, so that electrons are transferred from the soil body to the fiber bundles, and the friction electric signals are induced by the radial and weft fiber bundle universe self-sensing units and the local self-sensing units at the radial and weft interweaving positions; c) Collecting, amplifying, filtering and storing the friction electric signals through a distributed electric signal collecting and storing unit; d) The channel base instability identification unit extracts space and time sequence characteristics through a deep neural network according to the acquired signals, and intelligently judges the channel base dynamics evolution state by combining with a self-adaptive dynamic threshold algorithm; e) Outputting the channel-based instability identification signal to realize multi-mode global-local identification.
9. The friction channel-based destabilizing domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and the method thereof according to claim 8, wherein the distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit realizes the domain-local composite distributed sensing of the channel-based dynamics evolution by the serial-parallel cooperative connection mode of the radial and latitudinal fiber bundle domain self-sensing unit and the local self-sensing unit at the radial and latitudinal interweaving position.

Description

Friction channel base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of road base safety monitoring and geotechnical structure health sensing, in particular to a friction electric road base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and a method thereof. Background The stability of the road base is an important guarantee factor for the safety of road infrastructure. In the long-term operation process, the road base is influenced by vehicle load, soil body subsidence, water and soil change, earthquake and other environmental factors, and local slippage, subsidence or instability easily occur, so that road cracks, subsidence pits or pavement damage can be caused, traffic accidents can be caused, and serious threat is formed to road safety. The existing road base monitoring method mainly relies on embedding active sensors such as strain gauges, displacement meters, inclinometers or geological radars. The methods have the problems of difficult power supply and complicated arrangement in large-scale deployment, are easily influenced by soil humidity, temperature change and vibration, and have poor long-term stability. In addition, the traditional sensor has limited spatial resolution and response speed, is difficult to accurately capture micro displacement and local stress change in real time, and cannot find the potential instability risk of the road base in an early stage, so that recognition is delayed, and road safety management and maintenance decision are affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of high hysteresis, local monitoring and the like of the conventional road base monitoring technology, and provides a friction electric road base instability domain-local multidimensional self-sensing device and a method thereof, so as to realize real-time, multidirectional and high-sensitivity distributed monitoring of road base dynamics evolution and provide technical support for road base safety state assessment and disaster prevention and reduction. The triboelectric effect can convert contact, separation and friction movement between materials into electric signals, and a novel technical approach is provided for self-energy supply and distributed monitoring. The effect is particularly suitable for collecting low-frequency, weak and disordered mechanical energy, so that the stress change and the tiny displacement inside the structure can be perceived with high sensitivity. In the road base monitoring field, real-time monitoring of road base settlement, slippage and vibration can be realized through reasonably distributing the sensing elements. Compared with the traditional active sensor, the monitoring method based on the triboelectric effect does not need an external power supply, can stably run for a long time in a severe environment, has higher spatial resolution and sensitivity, is favorable for early detection of the potential instability risk of the road base, and provides reliable technical support for the safety management, maintenance decision and disaster prevention and reduction of the infrastructure of the road base. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: The self-sensing device comprises a radial and latitudinal fiber bundle global self-sensing unit, a radial and latitudinal interweaving local self-sensing unit, a distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit and a channel-based instability identification unit. The radial and weft fiber bundle universe self-sensing unit generates electric signals autonomously through contact-separation friction with soil bodies, the radial and weft fiber bundle universe self-sensing unit constructs longitudinal section sensing of a channel base to monitor deep deformation, and the weft fiber bundle self-sensing unit monitors integral deformation of a surface layer through transverse section sensing of the channel base, so that integral deformation of the base is known globally. Preferably, the local self-sensing unit at the radial and weft interweaving position is an elastic conductive small ball, the relative electronegativity of the elastic conductive small ball is higher than that of the global self-sensing unit of the radial and weft fiber bundles, the elastic conductive small ball and the global self-sensing unit of the radial and weft fiber bundles at the interweaving point form a composite friction electrification sensing unit, and electric signals are generated through local contact, separation and friction, so that the high-sensitivity monitoring of the local stress and the micro displacement of the road base is realized, the global fiber bundle sensing is supplemented, and the composite multi-azimuth sensing is realized. The distributed electric signal acquisition and storage unit comprises a circuit holding structure for maintaining continuity of circuit conduction and