CN-121976539-A - Soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device and method

CN121976539ACN 121976539 ACN121976539 ACN 121976539ACN-121976539-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device and a method, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering water bursting disaster treatment. The device includes water supply unit, hard aggregate filling unit, cartilage material negative pressure suction unit and mixed conveyer pipe, and hard aggregate filling unit includes mixing bin, lower hopper and comb, and the one end and the water supply unit intercommunication of mixing bin, the other end and the mixed conveyer pipe intercommunication of lower hopper, the bottom and the mixed bin intercommunication of lower hopper, the top is used for placing the comb, and cartilage material negative pressure suction unit includes the cartilage material suction hopper with mixed conveyer pipe intercommunication. The invention thoroughly avoids the problem of winding and hanging fibrous cartilage materials on the grate, remarkably enhances the biting force among particles and the shear strength of the water-blocking wall, sucks long-fiber soft aggregate into the mixed conveying pipe at high speed in a pulse injection mode, and forms a reticular fascia structure among gaps of coarse aggregate, thereby effectively blocking fine aggregate, avoiding waste caused by excessive filling of full sections and improving the retention rate of the fine aggregate.

Inventors

GUO SONG
SHENG PENG
ZHANG YUNBING
Mo Haochuan
WANG WEI
XING MAOLIN
ZHAO WENHU
ZHANG YONGLU
CEN SHUAI
ZHANG ZHENGGUO
HUANG PING
YU GUIQUN

Assignees

黔南州能源发展中心
中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司
瓮安县工业和信息化局
瓮安县万鑫煤业有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260401

Claims (8)

1. The soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device is characterized by comprising a water supply unit, a hard aggregate pouring unit, a cartilage material negative pressure suction unit and a mixing conveying pipe (14), wherein the hard aggregate pouring unit comprises a mixing bin (7), a discharging hopper (9) and a grate (10), one end of the mixing bin (7) is communicated with the water supply unit, the other end of the mixing bin is communicated with the mixing conveying pipe (14), the bottom end of the discharging hopper (9) is communicated with the mixing bin (7), the top end of the discharging hopper is used for placing the grate (10), the cartilage material negative pressure suction unit comprises a soft aggregate suction hopper (11) communicated with the mixing conveying pipe (14), and the cartilage material suction hopper (11) is positioned at the downstream of the mixing bin (7); Wherein, the hard aggregate enters the mixing bin (7) and is mixed with water to form a high-speed solid-liquid two-phase flow, when the high-speed solid-liquid two-phase flow flows through the joint of the cartilage material suction hopper (11) and the mixing conveying pipe (14), a negative pressure area is formed at the joint and is used for sucking the cartilage material in the cartilage material suction hopper (11) into the mixing conveying pipe (14).
2. The soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply unit comprises a water tank (1), a water pump (2), a water control valve (3) and a water conveying pipeline (4), the water tank (1) is located at the upstream of the mixing bin (7), the water pump (2) is arranged in the water tank (1), one end of the water control valve (3) is connected with the outlet end of the water pump (2), the other end of the water control valve is connected with the water conveying pipeline (4), and the other end of the water conveying pipeline (4) is connected with the mixing bin (7).
3. A soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the mixing bin (7) is provided with a jet nozzle (6) at one end close to the water conveying pipeline (4).
4. A soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 1, wherein a hard aggregate discharging control valve (8) is arranged on the discharging hopper (9), and the top end of the mixing bin (7) is communicated with the discharging hopper (9) through the hard aggregate discharging control valve (8).
5. A soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 1, wherein the soft aggregate negative pressure suction unit further comprises a ball valve (12) and a negative pressure gauge (13) which are mounted on the soft aggregate suction hopper (11), the ball valve (12) is positioned at the neck of the soft aggregate suction hopper (11), and the negative pressure gauge (13) is positioned below the ball valve (12).
6. The soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the mixing conveying pipe (14) far away from the mixing bin (7) is inserted into a drilling hole (15) and the insertion depth is 9-10 m.
7. A soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device according to claim 2, wherein the pipeline at the inlet end of the mixing bin (7) is connected with the water conveying pipeline (4) through a flange (5), and the hard aggregate conveying pipe at the outlet end is connected with the mixing conveying pipe (14) through the flange (5).
8. A method of soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring, based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, characterized by the steps of: step one, water injection test Starting the water pump (2), opening the water control valve (3) until the water supply flow is maximum, closing the negative pressure meter (12), and adjusting the water control valve (3) to prevent water flow in the mixing bin (7) from overflowing and prevent the water flow from rotating in the mixing bin (7); Step two, starting hard aggregate pouring A grate (10) is fixedly arranged on a discharging hopper (9), a hard aggregate discharging control valve (8) is opened, fine sand fine aggregate is poured firstly, the aggregate enters a mixing bin (7) to be mixed with water to form a high-speed solid-liquid two-phase flow, meanwhile, the degree of a negative pressure meter (12) is observed, stones are poured when the negative pressure value is larger than 0.6MPa, and a mixture of fine sand and cartilage is poured when the negative pressure value is 0.2-0.6 MPa; Step three, negative pressure sucking soft aggregate When the high-speed solid-liquid two-phase flow flows through the joint of the cartilage material suction pipe at the tail end of the cartilage material suction hopper (11) and the mixing conveying pipe (14), a negative pressure area is formed at the joint, and the fibrous soft aggregate in the cartilage material suction hopper (11) is automatically sucked into the mixing conveying pipe (14) through the cartilage material suction pipe under the action of atmospheric pressure; Step four, mixing the soft aggregate and the hard aggregate The sucked fibrous cartilage material and the high-speed flowing hard aggregate water flow are fully mixed in a mixing conveying pipe (14) to form a three-phase mixed fluid of uniform hard aggregate, fiber soft aggregate and water; Step five, forming a water blocking plug The three-phase mixed fluid is continuously injected into the drill hole (15) through the mixed conveying pipe (14) and the orifice device, and water blocking plugs rich in fibers are stacked in the water blocking wall gaps formed by the coarse aggregates, so that loss of the fine aggregates is reduced; Step six, grouting cementing After the aggregate is poured, a grouting pump is switched to inject cement slurry for cementing and reinforcing, and the water burst roadway is thoroughly plugged.

Description

Soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering water bursting disaster treatment, in particular to a soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device and method. Background The underground tunnel and roadway tunneling reveal aquifers or water guide structures to frequently cause water burst accidents, and particularly, when high water pressure and high flow water burst occurs, how to build a water blocking plug in a large water burst channel and a water passing channel by pouring under a high-pressure and high-speed water environment is a key technical problem. The existing aggregate pouring technology utilizes the negative pressure effect, aggregates with different gradations are carried by high-speed water flow, enter a water burst channel through a ground conveying pipeline system and a drilling hole, and then are piled up in the channel to form a water blocking plug. The technical principle is relatively mature, but engineering application still has the following outstanding problems: (1) Under high-pressure high-speed water environment the water-blocking wall repeatedly breaks the dam. In the prior art, when only aggregate (such as sand stone and wood blocks) is usually poured, under the action of large-flow water, the water blocking wall formed by aggregate accumulation bodies is easy to be impacted and broken. Studies have shown that dynamic water shut-off requires multiple dam breaks and repeated pouring to ultimately succeed in shut-off. The mechanical essence is that a stress arch structure exists in the aggregate stacking body, and when the upstream water pressure exceeds the biting force among particles, the stress arch is subjected to shearing instability, so that the stacking body breaks a dam. Each dam break not only delays the construction period, but also causes the poured aggregate to be lost in a large quantity, and the water blocking effect is greatly reduced. (2) The fine aggregate in the water-blocking wall is easy to wash and run off under the high-speed water-blocking condition. In order to construct the water-resistant wall with low porosity and high compactness, the aggregate with good grading is needed, the coarse aggregate (stone and wood block) forms a framework support, and the fine aggregate (sand, sawdust and fiber) fills gaps among the coarse aggregate. However, under the condition of high-speed water, the fine aggregate is easily washed and moved under the influence of a flow field screening effect, is difficult to leave in gaps of the coarse aggregate, and is washed far downstream. In order to achieve the design accumulation amount, the aggregate consumption has to be multiplied, so that huge waste is caused, and the water blocking aging is influenced. (3) Mixing and pouring in the existing device the soft and hard aggregate is easy to block the pipe. In order to enhance the shear strength of the water-blocking wall, fibrous soft aggregate such as woven bags, hemp ropes and nylon ropes and hard aggregate such as sand and stone are often used for mixing and pouring in practice. However, the charging port of existing filling devices is often provided with a grating or grating for screening to prevent large debris from clogging the tubing. When the long-fiber soft aggregate such as the woven bag and the hemp rope is poured, the soft aggregate is very easy to hang on the grate to form a bridge or twine into a cluster, so that the feeding is interrupted. The operation personnel need to frequently stop and clean the grate, the efficiency is low, if the grate is dismantled through the soft aggregate, the large hard aggregate cannot be filtered, and the deep blockage of the pipeline is easily caused. In addition, carry the air and get into the drilling when filling, very easily cause bridging jam in the pore-forming, induce high-pressure water sand to spout and cause very big potential safety hazard. In summary, the prior art lacks an active prevention and control means for dam break of the water-blocking wall, cannot solve the piping problem of the fine aggregate in moving water, and lacks a non-blocking pouring device capable of simultaneously processing the long fiber soft aggregate and the hard aggregate, so that the water-blocking engineering is highly dependent on experience, and has low success rate, high cost and large potential safety hazard. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device and a soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring method, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The soft and hard aggregate mixing and pouring device comprises a water supply unit, a hard aggregate pouring unit, a cartilage material negative pressure suction unit and a mixing conveying pipe, wherein the hard aggregate