CN-121976548-A - Slope ecological restoration structure and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, and provides a slope ecological restoration structure and a slope ecological restoration method, wherein the slope ecological restoration structure comprises a base layer which covers the surface of a slope; the surface layer is covered on the surface of the base layer, wherein the base layer at least comprises planting soil, turfy soil, organic fertilizer, water retention agent, cement and foaming agent, and the surface layer at least comprises seeds and compound fertilizer. Compared with the traditional vegetation concrete technology, the base layer has the advantages of mechanical stability and high porosity, has high air permeability and water permeability, creates a porous environment for vegetation rooting growth, and remarkably improves ecological restoration quality and long-term survival rate of vegetation.

Inventors

• LIU CHUNNA
• LU JIA
• WANG YANG
• WANG LUHAI
• SHAN LINAN

Assignees

• 中国水利水电科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251224

Claims (10)

1. 1. A slope ecological restoration structure, comprising: The base layer is covered on the surface of the side slope; The surface layer is covered on the surface of the base layer; Wherein the base layer at least comprises planting soil, turfy soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, cement and foaming agent; the surface layer at least comprises seeds and compound fertilizer.
2. 2. The slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, wherein, Each cubic meter of the base layer at least comprises 800-1100 kg of planting soil, 30-60 kg of turfy soil, 30-50 kg of organic fertilizer, 350-450 kg of water, 0.1 kg of water-retaining agent, 60-80 kg of cement and 0.3-0.5 kg of foaming agent; Each square meter of the surface layer at least comprises 0.03-0.04 kg of seeds and 0.005-0.01 kg of compound fertilizer.
3. 3. The slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 2, wherein, The base layer also comprises 40-60 kg of first fibers per cubic meter; The surface layer also comprises 0.5-1 kg of second fibers per square meter.
4. 4. A slope ecological restoration structure as set forth in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The base layer also comprises 60-80 kg of acid-base blending agent per cubic meter.
5. 5. A slope ecological restoration method, characterized by being applied to the slope ecological restoration structure as defined in any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: cleaning the side slope; Intercepting and draining the slope surface with concentrated catchments; Laying a reinforced anchoring layer; mixing the material body of the base layer and spraying; mixing the material body of the surface layer and spraying; And curing the repair structure finished by spray seeding.
6. 6. The method for restoring slope ecology according to claim 5, wherein the step of laying the reinforced anchoring layer comprises the following steps: Sequentially arranging an edge main anchor, an overlap area anchor, an edge auxiliary anchor, an overlap area auxiliary anchor and an internal anchor; Paving a high-strength steel wire mesh along the slope surface from top to bottom; the net piece of the high-strength steel wire mesh is firmly bound with the anchor nail and the adjacent net piece.
7. 7. The slope ecological restoration method according to claim 5, further comprising, before said step of blending said base layer material and performing spray seeding: and screening the particle size of the planting soil, and screening the planting soil with the particle size smaller than or equal to a particle size threshold value.
8. 8. The method for restoring slope ecology according to claim 5, wherein said step of stirring the material of said base layer and performing spray seeding comprises: Sequentially adding planting soil, turfy soil, first fibers, organic fertilizer, cement, acid-base blending agent, foaming agent and water into a concrete mixer to mix for preset time period; And spraying the stirred material body of the base layer by using an air compressor.
9. 9. The method for restoring the slope ecology according to claim 5, wherein the step of curing the restoration structure completed by spray seeding specifically comprises the following steps: Covering the surface of the surface layer with non-woven fabrics for health maintenance; And (3) arranging an irrigation pipe network and/or stay tube sprinkling water for sprinkling water maintenance, and enabling the discharged water to be atomized highly.
10. 10. The slope ecological restoration method according to claim 5, further comprising, after the step of curing the repair structure completed by spray seeding: and detecting target parameters, and if the target parameters are unqualified, timely adjusting the material proportion of the base layer.

Description

Slope ecological restoration structure and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, in particular to a slope ecological restoration structure and a slope ecological restoration method. Background In engineering activities such as traffic, water conservancy, mine, city construction and the like, a large number of natural slopes are excavated or filled to form artificial bare slopes. Such side slopes are usually loose in soil structure, poor in nutrient and poor in water retention capacity, and lack of vegetation coverage, so that geological disasters such as water and soil loss, surface layer flaking, landslide and collapse are extremely easy to occur under the action of rainfall, wind erosion or gravity, engineering safety and surrounding ecological environment are threatened, and serious economic loss and ecological degradation are also possibly caused. The traditional slope protection adopts hard engineering measures such as concrete facing, slurry rubble, lattice beams and the like. Although providing a certain mechanical stability in a short period, the method has obvious defects that firstly, the exchange of substances and energy between soil, atmosphere and organisms is completely blocked, the continuity of an regional ecological system is destroyed, and secondly, the method lacks self-repairing capability, and once cracks or local damages occur, the method is easy to accelerate degradation. Under the background, the slope ecological restoration technology is developed. The technology combines engineering protection and ecological restoration by constructing a restoration layer with vegetation growth function, and rebuilds vegetation communities and restores soil fertility and biodiversity while guaranteeing slope stability. The ecological restoration technology of the side slope mainly comprises the following steps: (1) And (3) hanging the net and spraying the soil, namely realizing the reinforcement of the surface of the side slope in the traditional manners of constructing anchor rods, anchor nails and hanging the net on the slope, and constructing a plant-growing layer in the manner of spraying the soil. However, the plant growth layer constructed by the method has the risks of scouring, falling off and collapsing when meeting water; (2) The ecological bag ecological restoration technology is that soil is filled in the ecological bag, the ecological bag is connected with the slope through a preset anchoring system, and finally greening of the surface of the bag body is realized through means such as spray seeding on the surface of the bag body. However, the method has longer construction period, higher manufacturing cost per unit area and poorer surface greening effect. (3) The vegetation concrete ecological restoration technology is that cement is added into the traditional soil-outside spraying mixture to form a spraying layer with certain strength in the later period. Thereby the spray-seeding layer has certain erosion resistance and deformation resistance, and the risk of local (whole) damage possibly existing in the spray-seeding layer structure is eliminated. However, the spraying is performed by adopting a mode of planting soil and cement, the grading of the spraying material is continuous, and the natural porosity is low. Because cement is added into the spray-seeding layer, the spray-seeding layer forms certain strength in the later stage, the vegetation root system is more difficult to penetrate through the vegetation layer, and the vegetation later stage is difficult to grow. By adopting the technique for spray seeding, the root system rooting depth of vegetation is shallower. The risk of water loss and death is high in winter and dry seasons. Based on the above, there is a need to design a slope ecological restoration technology with strong scour resistance, high vegetation survival rate and good greening effect. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a slope ecological restoration structure and a slope ecological restoration method, which are used for solving the technical problems of poor scour resistance, low vegetation survival rate, low greening effect and the like of a vegetation layer in the existing slope ecological restoration technology. The invention provides a slope ecological restoration structure, which comprises: The base layer is covered on the surface of the side slope; The surface layer is covered on the surface of the base layer; Wherein the base layer at least comprises planting soil, turfy soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, cement and foaming agent; The surface layer at least comprises seeds and compound fertilizer. According to the ecological restoration structure of the side slope provided by the invention, Each cubic meter of the base layer at least comprises 800-1100 kg of planting soil, 30-60 kg of turfy soil, 30-50 kg of organic fertilizer, 350-450 kg of water, 0.1 kg of water-r