CN-121976580-A - Device for detecting loosening and breakage of lifting steel wire rope of electric shovel and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a device and a method for detecting loosening and breaking of a lifting steel wire rope of an electric shovel, and relates to the technical field of electric shovels. According to the device and the method for detecting the loosening and breakage of the lifting steel wire rope of the electric shovel, the integration of data processing, state judgment, motor control and alarm is realized through the control unit, manual intervention is not needed, and the defect that the response is not timely due to the fact that the prior art depends on manual observation of a driver is overcome. Different control strategies are adopted aiming at different steel wire rope states, the motor speed is limited in a loose state, the band-type brake is stopped immediately in a broken state, impact damage from the loosening to tightening of the steel wire rope is effectively avoided, and the mechanical structures of the steel wire rope, the bucket and the whole electric shovel equipment are protected.

Inventors

• NIU SHUO
• ZHANG XU
• CHENG YAWEI
• SHI TINGLEI
• YAO RUI
• MA BING
• YANG ZHE
• FAN XIBIN
• DENG XIAOJUN
• ZHANG PENG
• LEI ZHENGJIE
• PAN LIZHEN
• FENG TAO
• LI FEN
• JIA ZEYI
• JIA YUANYUAN
• ZHANG BOHENG

Assignees

• 太原重工股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251230

Claims (2)

1. 1. The device for detecting the loosening and breakage of the lifting wire rope of the electric shovel is characterized by comprising a drum position detection device (4), a head sheave position detection device (5) and a control unit, wherein the drum position detection device (4) is arranged on the central shaft of a lifting drum (1) of the electric shovel and is used for collecting rotation state information of the lifting drum (1), the head sheave position detection device (5) is arranged on the central shaft of a head sheave (2) of the electric shovel and is used for collecting rotation state information of the head sheave (2), and the control unit is electrically connected with the drum position detection device (4), the head sheave position detection device (5) and the lifting machine of the electric shovel respectively and is used for receiving information collected by the drum position detection device (4) and the head sheave position detection device (5), carrying out data processing and state judgment and sending control instructions to a lifting motor.
2. 2. The method for controlling loosening and breakage of lifting steel wire rope of electric shovel is characterized by comprising the following steps based on the detection device of claim 1: s1, when the electric shovel works, a winding drum position detection device (4) and a head sheave position detection device (5) synchronously acquire rotation state information of a lifting winding drum (1) and a head sheave (2), and the acquired information is transmitted to a control unit in real time; S2, the control unit calculates the absolute length of the steel wire rope (3) corresponding to the lifting reel (1) and the absolute length of the steel wire rope (3) corresponding to the head sheave (2) according to the received rotation state information, and further calculates the length difference between the two; s3, the control unit compares the calculated length difference with a preset constant value in a normal tightening state, and judges the current state of the hoisting steel wire rope (3); And S4, according to a judging result, the control unit sends a corresponding control instruction to the lifting motor and triggers an alarm to remind, if the lifting motor is in a normal state, the lifting motor is controlled to normally operate, if the lifting motor is in a loose state, the lowering speed and the lifting speed of the lifting motor are limited, and if the lifting motor is in a broken or falling state, the lifting motor is controlled to immediately stop operating and band-type brake is carried out.

Description

Device for detecting loosening and breakage of lifting steel wire rope of electric shovel and control method Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of electric shovels, and particularly relates to a device for detecting loosening and breakage of a lifting steel wire rope of an electric shovel and a control method. Background An electric shovel (fully-called mining machinery front shovel type excavator) is an electrically-driven mechanical device, and is mainly used for ore exploitation and rock-soil stripping of strip mines, and a working cycle is formed by the working procedures of digging, full bucket rotation and unloading, empty bucket rotation to a digging site and the like as shown in fig. 1. When loading, the lifting mechanism drives the bucket to lift, the pushing shaft pushes the bucket handle to the working surface, and the two mechanisms cooperatively act to finish material digging. When the bucket is lifted, the lifting motor rotates positively to drive the lifting drum, the steel wire rope is tightened and pulls the bucket to lift through the support of the head sheave, and meanwhile, the head sheave synchronously rotates positively. When the bucket is put down, the lifting motor rotates reversely, the lifting winding drum rotates reversely under the combined action of the lifting motor and the self weight of the bucket, the steel wire rope tightens to control the bucket to put down, and meanwhile, the head sheave rotates reversely synchronously. In the bucket lowering process, when the bucket touches minerals or the ground, if the lifting motor does not stop or decelerate in time, the lifting steel wire rope can loosen, the winding drum steel wire rope can jump or overlap, when the motor rotates forward at a high speed, the steel wire rope can impact the steel wire rope, the bucket and the whole equipment from a loosening state to a tightening state, and further the steel wire rope and other mechanical structures are damaged, so that the safe operation of the electric shovel is endangered. At present, an electric shovel mainly depends on whether a driver loosens or breaks a steel wire rope through a camera picture, and the phenomenon that the driver cannot timely operate when the sensor does not monitor the looseness of the hoisting steel wire rope is avoided. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve part or all of the technical problems in the prior art, the application provides a device for detecting loosening and breakage of an electric shovel lifting steel wire rope and a control method. The application provides a device for detecting loosening and breakage of a lifting steel wire rope of an electric shovel, which comprises a reel position detection device, a head sheave position detection device and a control unit, wherein the reel position detection device is arranged on a lifting reel central shaft of the electric shovel and is used for collecting rotation state information of a lifting reel, the head sheave position detection device is arranged on a head sheave central shaft of the electric shovel and is used for collecting rotation state information of a head sheave, and the control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the reel position detection device, the head sheave position detection device and the lifting of the electric shovel and is used for receiving information collected by the reel position detection device and the head sheave position detection device, carrying out data processing and state judgment and sending a control instruction to a lifting motor. The application also provides a method for controlling the loosening and breaking of the lifting steel wire rope of the electric shovel, which comprises the following steps: s1, when the electric shovel works, the winding drum position detection device and the head sheave position detection device synchronously acquire rotation state information of the lifting winding drum and the head sheave, and the acquired information is transmitted to the control unit in real time; S2, the control unit calculates the absolute length of the steel wire rope corresponding to the lifting reel and the absolute length of the steel wire rope corresponding to the head sheave respectively according to the received rotation state information, and further calculates the length difference between the two; s3, the control unit compares the calculated length difference with a preset constant value in a normal tightening state, and judges the current state of the hoisting steel wire rope; And S4, according to a judging result, the control unit sends a corresponding control instruction to the lifting motor and triggers an alarm to remind, if the lifting motor is in a normal state, the lifting motor is controlled to normally operate, if the lifting motor is in a loose state, the lowering speed and the lifting speed of the lifting motor are limited, and if the lifting motor is in a broken or falling state, the lif