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CN-121976747-A - Rock breaking drilling tool for petroleum exploitation

CN121976747ACN 121976747 ACN121976747 ACN 121976747ACN-121976747-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock breaking drilling tool for petroleum exploitation, in particular to the technical field of petroleum exploitation, which comprises a drill rod assembly, wherein the bottom end of the drill rod assembly is provided with a drill bit assembly, and the middle of the top of the drill rod assembly is provided with a drilling fluid inlet; the drill rod assembly is internally and slidably connected with a self-resetting impact piston, the drill bit assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the self-resetting impact piston, the self-resetting impact piston is provided with an axial hole III, the drill rod assembly is internally and slidably connected with a self-resetting impact piston, the self-resetting impact piston is provided with an axial hole II, the drill rod assembly is internally provided with a pressure distribution assembly, a plunger is arranged at the bottom of the pressure distribution assembly, the self-resetting impact piston, the drill rod assembly and the pressure distribution assembly enclose a pressure cavity, the drill bit assembly is internally provided with an axial hole I and an outflow hole, and a drilling fluid inlet, the pressure distribution assembly, the axial hole II, the axial hole III and the axial hole I are sequentially communicated. The hydraulic impact and rotation combined rock breaking is realized through the cooperation of the serial impact of the double pistons and the control of the periodical liquid flow.

Inventors

  • GE JUAN
  • WANG MAOSEN
  • HU YONG
  • WU HAONAN
  • ZHENG BAICHENG

Assignees

  • 吉林大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The rock breaking drilling tool for oil exploitation comprises a drill rod assembly (1), wherein a drill bit assembly (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod assembly (1), and the rock breaking drilling tool is characterized in that the interior of the drill rod assembly (1) is hollow, and a drilling fluid inlet (101) is formed in the middle of the top of the drill rod assembly (1); the bottom end sliding connection inside the drill rod assembly (1) can be realized, a self-resetting impact piston (6) can be arranged at a detailed point, the self-resetting impact piston (6) can synchronously rotate with the drill rod assembly (1), the drill bit assembly (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the self-resetting impact piston (6), and an axial hole III (601) is formed in the middle of the self-resetting impact piston (6) in a penetrating manner; the upper section of the self-resetting impact piston (6) in the drill rod assembly (1) is in sliding connection with a self-resetting impact piston (5), and an axial hole II (501) is formed in the middle of the self-resetting impact piston (5) in a penetrating manner; The upper section of the self-resetting impact piston (5) in the drill rod assembly (1) is provided with a pressure distribution assembly (3), the middle of the bottom of the pressure distribution assembly (3) is provided with a plunger (4), and a pressure cavity is formed by enclosing the top of the self-resetting impact piston (5), the inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1) and the pressure distribution assembly (3), so that the pressure cavity can be marked in the figure, and the part is not known to the non-expert; The drill bit assembly is characterized in that an axial hole I (201) and an outflow hole (203) which are communicated with each other are formed in the drill bit assembly (2), the drilling fluid inlet (101), the pressure distribution assembly (3), an axial hole II (501), an axial hole III (601), the axial hole I (201) and the outflow hole (203) are sequentially communicated, the plunger (4) can extend into the axial hole II (501) to block the axial hole II (501), and the pressure cavity water flow is driven to push the self-resetting impact piston (5) to impact the self-resetting impact piston (6).
  2. 2. The rock breaking drilling tool for oil exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the self-resetting impact piston (5), the self-resetting impact piston (6) and the drill bit assembly (2) are internally provided with a complete auxiliary flow passage (102) which can be connected in series, the top of the self-resetting impact piston (5) is provided with a threshold valve assembly (7) communicated with the auxiliary flow passage (102), and the threshold valve assembly (7) is opened when the self-resetting impact piston (5) is blocked and the plunger (4) blocks the axial hole II (501); the tail end of the auxiliary flow passage (102) is arranged on the drill bit assembly (2), the tail end of the auxiliary flow passage (102) is connected with a secondary crushing assembly (9) for blocking the auxiliary flow passage (102) in a sliding manner, a liquid outlet (202) is formed in the tail end of the auxiliary flow passage (102), and the liquid outlet (202) is communicated with the first axial hole (201); One end of the secondary crushing assembly (9) extends out of the drill bit assembly (2), the liquid outlet (202) is blocked when the secondary crushing assembly (9) is in an initial state, the liquid outlet (202) is opened after the secondary crushing assembly (9) is pushed to extend out of the drill bit assembly (2) by water flow, and the secondary crushing assembly (9) extends out and is used for crushing rock.
  3. 3. The rock breaking drill tool for oil exploitation according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1) is provided with a centrifugal unlocking assembly (8), the centrifugal unlocking assembly (8) is used for limiting the sliding of the self-resetting impact piston (6) when the drill rod assembly (1) stops rotating, and the centrifugal unlocking assembly (8) is unlocked when the drill rod assembly (1) rotates and is locked when the drill rod assembly (1) stops rotating.
  4. 4. A rock breaking drill tool for oil exploitation according to claim 3, characterized in that the drill bit assembly (2) consists of a central base body (21), primary breaking teeth (22), secondary breaking teeth (23); The primary crushing teeth (22) are arranged on the outer side of the central base body (21) to form large crushing teeth, and the secondary crushing teeth (23) are arranged on the outer side of the primary crushing teeth (22) to form small crushing teeth; one end of the secondary crushing assembly (9) extends out of the outer side of the primary crushing teeth (22), and the extending length is smaller than that of the secondary crushing teeth (23); A first flow passage (204) is arranged in the central base body (21), and the first flow passage (204) is used as a tail section of the auxiliary flow passage (102).
  5. 5. The rock breaking drill for oil exploitation according to claim 4, characterized in that the self-resetting impact piston (6) comprises a central shaft (61), a lower connection seat (62), a first resetting elastic member (63), a connection seat (64); An axial hole III (601) is formed in the middle of the central shaft (61), a connecting seat (64) and a lower connecting seat (62) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central shaft (61), and the lower connecting seat (62) is in threaded connection with the top end of the central base body (21); The outer sides of the lower connecting seat (62) and the connecting seat (64) are contacted with the inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1), a supporting ring (11) is arranged between the inner wall between the lower connecting seat (62) and the connecting seat (64), and a gap exists between the inner ring of the supporting ring (11) and the outer side wall of the central shaft (61); The upper end and the lower end of the first reset elastic piece (63) are respectively abutted with the bottom of the connecting seat (64) and the top of the supporting ring (11); The central shaft (61), the lower connecting seat (62) and the connecting seat (64) are internally provided with a third flow passage (602) together, the third flow passage (602) forms the middle section of the auxiliary flow passage (102), the top end of the third flow passage (602) is communicated with the top of the connecting seat (64), and the bottom end of the third flow passage (602) is in butt joint with the first flow passage (204).
  6. 6. The rock breaking drilling tool for oil exploitation according to claim 5, wherein a chute (603) is radially arranged on the inner circumference of the supporting ring (11), and a pressure relief hole (604) communicated with the bottom of the supporting ring (11) is arranged in the chute (603); the centrifugal unlocking assembly (8) comprises a locking block (81) and a second reset elastic piece (82); The locking piece (81) is connected in the sliding groove (603) in a sliding mode, and two ends of the second reset elastic piece (82) are respectively connected with the end portion, located in the sliding groove (603), of the locking piece (81) and the inner wall of the sliding groove (603); the locking piece (81) stretches out to block the gap between the supporting ring (11) and the central shaft (61).
  7. 7. The rock breaking drill tool for oil exploitation according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure distribution assembly (3) comprises a stationary sleeve (31) and a flow divider (32); the diverter (32) is arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1), the bottom of the diverter (32) is connected with the fixed sleeve (31), the top end of the fixed sleeve (31) is positioned in the middle of the diverter (32), and a bypass hole (301) communicated with the inside of the diverter (32) and the pressure cavity is formed in the periphery of the diverter (32).
  8. 8. The rock breaking drill for oil exploitation according to claim 7, characterized in that the self-resetting percussion piston (5) comprises a piston body (51), a third resetting spring (52); a ring groove is formed in the middle of the periphery of the piston body (51), and the upper end and the lower end of the piston body (51) are contacted with the inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1); The inner wall of the drill rod assembly (1) in the annular groove is provided with a positioning ring (12), a gap exists between the positioning ring (12) and the annular groove, and the upper end and the lower end of the third reset elastic piece (52) are respectively abutted with the inner top of the annular groove, which part can be marked in the drawing, and the top of the positioning ring (12); The inner wall of the piston body (51) is provided with a second flow passage (502), the second flow passage (502) forms the first section of the auxiliary flow passage (102), and the bottom end of the second flow passage (502) is jointed with the top end of the third flow passage (602) when the self-resetting impact piston (5) is contacted with the self-resetting impact piston (6).
  9. 9. The rock breaking drill tool for oil exploitation according to claim 8, wherein the threshold valve assembly (7) comprises a valve core (71), a fourth return spring (72), a valve seat (73); The valve core (71) is axially and slidably connected to the top of the piston body (51) and forms a closed control cavity (503) with the piston body (51), and the upper end and the lower end of the fourth reset elastic piece (72) are respectively connected to the bottom of the valve core (71) and the inner bottom of the control cavity (503); The top of second runner (502) is installed disk seat (73), side opening (701) that are linked together with second runner (502) are offered to the lateral wall of disk seat (73), case (71) movable sleeve is established in the outside of disk seat (73) to separate pressure chamber and side opening (701), side opening (701) are linked together with pressure chamber after case (71) are down moved.
  10. 10. The rock breaking drill tool for oil exploitation according to claim 9, characterized in that the secondary breaking assembly (9) comprises an impact head (91), a piston rod (92), a fifth return spring (93); The impact head (91) is connected with the piston rod (92), and the piston rod (92) is matched with the inner diameter of the first flow channel (204) and used for blocking the liquid outlet (202); The fifth reset elastic piece (93) is sleeved on the outer side of the impact head (91), and two ends of the fifth reset elastic piece (93) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first flow channel (204) and the periphery of the connecting end part of the piston rod (92) and the impact head (91).

Description

Rock breaking drilling tool for petroleum exploitation Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a rock breaking drilling tool for oil exploitation. Background In petroleum extraction, especially drilling operations on hard formations (such as shale, granite, etc.), rock breaking efficiency directly affects drilling speed, cost and tool life. The traditional rotary drilling tool mainly relies on rotation and static pressure load of the drill bit to crush rock, and for high hardness and high abrasiveness stratum, the crushing mode is low in efficiency, and under the condition that the drill bit cannot fully crush the rock in front of the drill bit in the tunneling process, the effect of petroleum exploitation can be affected, meanwhile, the condition that the drill bit is clamped can occur, and the rock needs to be fully crushed to ensure smooth proceeding of petroleum exploitation process, therefore, the rock crushing tool for petroleum exploitation is provided for solving the problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a rock breaking drilling tool for oil exploitation, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. The invention provides a rock breaking drilling tool for petroleum exploitation, which comprises a drill rod assembly, wherein the bottom end of the drill rod assembly is provided with a drill bit assembly, the interior of the drill rod assembly is hollow, and the middle of the top of the drill rod assembly is provided with a drilling fluid inlet; the bottom end of the inside of the drill rod assembly is slidably connected with a self-resetting impact piston, the self-resetting impact piston can synchronously rotate with the drill rod assembly, the drill bit assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the self-resetting impact piston, and an axial hole III is formed in the middle of the self-resetting impact piston in a penetrating manner; The upper section of the self-resetting impact piston in the drill rod assembly is in sliding connection with a self-resetting impact piston, and an axial hole II is formed in the middle of the self-resetting impact piston in a penetrating manner; The upper section of the self-resetting percussion piston in the drill rod assembly is provided with a pressure distribution assembly, a plunger is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the pressure distribution assembly, and a pressure cavity is formed by enclosing the top of the self-resetting percussion piston, the inner wall of the drill rod assembly and the pressure distribution assembly; The drill bit assembly is internally provided with an axial hole I and an outflow hole which are communicated with each other, the drilling fluid inlet, the pressure distribution assembly, an axial hole II, an axial hole III, an axial hole I and an outflow hole are sequentially communicated, the plunger can extend into the axial hole II to block the axial hole II, and the pressure cavity water flow is driven to push the self-resetting impact piston to impact the self-resetting impact piston. Preferably, the self-resetting impact piston and the drill bit assembly are internally provided with a complete auxiliary flow passage which can be connected in series, the top of the self-resetting impact piston is provided with a threshold valve assembly communicated with the auxiliary flow passage, and the threshold valve assembly is opened when the self-resetting impact piston is blocked and the plunger blocks the axial hole II; The tail end of the auxiliary flow passage is arranged on the drill bit assembly, the tail end of the auxiliary flow passage is connected with a secondary crushing assembly for blocking the auxiliary flow passage in a sliding manner, a liquid outlet is arranged at the tail end of the auxiliary flow passage, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the first axial hole; one end of the secondary crushing assembly extends out of the drill bit assembly, the liquid outlet is blocked when the secondary crushing assembly is in an initial state, the liquid outlet is opened after the secondary crushing assembly is pushed to extend out of the drill bit assembly by water flow, and the secondary crushing assembly extends out to crush rock. Preferably, the inner wall of the drill rod assembly is provided with a centrifugal unlocking assembly, the centrifugal unlocking assembly is used for limiting the sliding of the self-resetting impact piston when the drill rod assembly stops rotating, and the centrifugal unlocking assembly is unlocked when the drill rod assembly rotates and is locked when the drill rod assembly stops rotating. Preferably, the drill bit assembly consists of a central base body, first-stage crushing teeth and second-stage crushing teeth; The first-stage crushing teeth are arranged on the outer side of the central matrix to form large crushing teeth, and the second-stage crushing teeth are arranged on the outer si