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CN-121976752-A - Reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing and construction method

CN121976752ACN 121976752 ACN121976752 ACN 121976752ACN-121976752-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic punching and hole making, in particular to a reaming and hole making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing and a construction method, wherein the drilling tool comprises an upper joint, a transition sleeve, a lower shell and a lower joint, a hole making nozzle and a joint flow hole are arranged on the upper joint, a sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the upper joint, the hole making nozzle is shielded inside the sliding sleeve when the sliding sleeve is positioned at a first position, and the hole making nozzle is exposed outside the sliding sleeve when the sliding sleeve is positioned at a second position; the reversing assembly is arranged in the lower shell and comprises a valve disc rotating circumferentially relative to the lower shell, a valve disc through hole is formed in the valve disc along the axial direction, when the valve disc rotates to a third position, the valve disc through hole is communicated with the through hole in the lower joint through the lower shell, the sliding sleeve is positioned at a first position, and when the valve disc rotates to a fourth position, the valve disc through hole is not communicated with the through hole in the lower joint, and the sliding sleeve is positioned at a second position. The invention can realize drilling construction in a large flow state by controlling the water flow start-stop mode switching, and does not need to replace a drill rod with a special structure.

Inventors

  • MA XINGEN
  • LI YICHAO
  • Liu Luowei
  • LIU JIE
  • ZHANG XIANGPENG
  • Ye Sixuan
  • YANG TAO
  • CHEN GUOQIANG
  • WANG WENQIANG
  • SONG YUBO
  • PAN BO
  • TIAN WENHUI
  • JIN XIN

Assignees

  • 甘肃华亭煤电股份有限公司砚北煤矿
  • 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司
  • 中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260327

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A reaming and cavitation drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing is characterized by comprising an upper joint (1), a transition sleeve (4), a lower shell (5) and a lower joint (7) which are sequentially arranged and communicated, wherein a cavitation nozzle (21) and a joint flow-through hole (14) are arranged on the upper joint (1) in the radial direction, a sliding sleeve (22) is sleeved outside the upper joint (1) in a sliding manner, a sliding sleeve spring (23) is abutted between the sliding sleeve (22) and the transition sleeve (4), when the sliding sleeve (22) is in a first position, the sliding sleeve (22) is abutted with the upper joint (1), the cavitation nozzle (21) is shielded inside the sliding sleeve (22), the surfaces of the upper joint (1) on two sides of the joint flow-through hole (14) are enclosed to form a cavity with the inner surface of the sliding sleeve (22), when the sliding sleeve (22) is in a second position, the cavitation nozzle (21) is exposed outside the sliding sleeve (22), a reversing assembly is arranged in the lower shell (5), the reversing assembly comprises a valve disc (64) which rotates in the circumferential direction relative to the lower shell (5), a through hole (64) is axially arranged on the valve disc (64), when the valve disc (64) is axially arranged in a first position, the valve disc (643) is rotated to be communicated with the lower valve disc (643) through the upper joint (7) through the through hole (7), when the valve disc (64) rotates to the fourth position, the valve disc through hole (643) is not communicated with the through hole in the lower joint (7), the water pressure in the through hole of the upper joint (1) is higher than a preset pressure value, and the sliding sleeve (22) is in the second position.
  2. 2. The hole reaming and cavitation drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 1, wherein the reversing assembly comprises a piston (61), a driving wheel (62), a driven wheel (63) and a valve disc (64) which are sequentially arranged, wherein a throttling flow-through hole (612) is arranged on the piston (61), the inner diameter of the throttling flow-through hole (612) is smaller than the inner diameter of an adjacent transition sleeve (4), the piston (61) axially moves and synchronously rotates relative to a lower shell (5), the maximum angle of single rotation is 60 degrees, the driving wheel (62) synchronously rotates with the piston (61), one end of the driving wheel (62) facing a driven wheel (63) is provided with driving gear teeth (622), the outer surface of the driving gear teeth (622) is provided with a first enveloping bevel (623), the number of the driving gear teeth (622) is 3 and is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, one end of the driven wheel (63) facing the driving wheel (62) is provided with driven gear teeth (632), the outer surface of the driven gear teeth (632) is provided with a second enveloping bevel (633), the driving gear teeth (632) are spaced from the driven gear teeth (622) and are in the circumferential direction of the driven wheel (64) and are in the same number as the driven gear teeth (623), valve disc (64) are close to lower joint (7) one side evenly spaced and set up valve disc through-hole (643) and valve disc blind hole (644), the opening of valve disc blind hole (644) is towards lower joint (7), valve disc through-hole (643) and valve disc blind hole (644) quantity are 3 respectively, evenly spaced on lower casing (5) set up casing through-hole (52) and casing blind hole (53), the opening of casing blind hole (53) is towards valve disc (64), the quantity of casing through-hole (52) and casing blind hole (53) is 3 respectively, when valve disc (64) rotate to the third position, valve disc through-hole (643) and casing through-hole (52) communicate, valve disc blind hole (644) and casing blind hole (53) communicate, when valve disc (64) rotate to the fourth position, valve disc through-hole (643) and casing blind hole (53) communicate.
  3. 3. A reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic commutation according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston (61) abuts a piston spring (65) with the driving wheel (62), and the driven wheel (63) abuts a driven wheel spring (66) with the valve disc (64).
  4. 4. The hole reaming and hole making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston (61) comprises a piston seat (611), a plurality of throttling overflow holes (612) are axially arranged on the piston seat (611), a piston hemispherical groove (613) is arranged on the outer side surface of the piston seat (611), a piston limit ball is rotatably arranged in the piston hemispherical groove (613), a shell spiral groove (51) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shell (5), the shell spiral groove (51) is consistent with the direction of the first enveloping inclined surface (623), the piston limit ball is rotatably arranged in the shell spiral groove (51), piston limit teeth (614) are fixedly connected to one side of the piston seat (611) towards the driving wheel (62) along the axial direction, a plurality of piston limit teeth (614) are arranged at intervals, a piston limit groove (615) is formed between adjacent piston limit teeth (614), the driving wheel (62) comprises a driving wheel body (621) and driving gear teeth (622), the driving gear teeth (622) are circumferentially arranged on the driving wheel body (621) at intervals, the piston limit ball is rotatably arranged in the shell spiral groove (51) and is in the direction of the first enveloping inclined surface (623), the piston limit teeth (611) are clamped between the driving gear teeth (614) and the driving gear teeth (622) are clamped in the driving gear teeth (631), the driven gear teeth (632) are fixedly connected to the driven gear body (631), rectangular keys (634) are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the driven gear body (631) along the axial direction, rectangular grooves (642) are formed in the inner surface of the valve disc (64) along the axial direction, the rectangular keys (634) are clamped in the rectangular grooves (642) of the valve disc, and the rectangular keys (634) slide in the rectangular grooves (642) of the valve disc along the axial direction.
  5. 5. The reaming and cavitation drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 2, characterized in that a valve disc spring (645) and a valve disc ball (646) are arranged in the valve disc blind hole (644), the diameter of the valve disc ball (646) is larger than the diameters of the shell through hole (52) and the shell blind hole (53), and the valve disc spring (645) is a compression spring.
  6. 6. The reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 1, wherein the hole-making nozzle (21) is a cylinder, external threads are arranged on the outer surface of the hole-making nozzle (21), nozzle mounting grooves (211) are formed in the outer end face of the hole-making nozzle (21), arc-shaped nozzle guide grooves (212) are formed in two opposite sides of the nozzle mounting grooves (211), the diameter of the nozzle guide grooves (212) gradually increases outwards along the axial direction of the hole-making nozzle (21), a shrinkage cone hole (214) is formed in the inner end face of the hole-making nozzle (21), the diameter of the shrinkage cone hole (214) gradually decreases from inside to outside along the axial direction of the hole-making nozzle (21), and nozzle holes (213) are formed in the middle of the hole-making nozzle (21) along the axial direction and are respectively communicated with the shrinkage cone hole (214) and the nozzle guide grooves (212).
  7. 7. The reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 1, wherein a filter element (3) is arranged in the hollow cavity of the upper connector (1), the filter element (3) is of a unidirectional opening structure, a plurality of filter element sieve holes (32) are formed in the side wall and the bottom end face of the filter element (3), the top end face and the outer side of the bottom end face of the filter element (3) are radially outwards protruded to form a filter element positioning ring (31), and the outer diameter of the filter element positioning ring (31) is consistent with the inner diameter of the hollow cavity of the upper connector (1).
  8. 8. The reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing according to claim 1, wherein a first dust ring (15), a first sealing ring (16), a second sealing ring (17) and a second dust ring (18) are arranged between the upper joint (1) and the sliding sleeve (22), the first sealing ring (16) and the second sealing ring (17) are respectively arranged on two axial sides of the joint flow-through hole (14), the first dust ring (15) and the second dust ring (18) are arranged on the opposite outer sides of the first sealing ring (16) and the second sealing ring (17), and when the sliding sleeve (22) is in a first position, the first dust ring (15) is arranged on one side of the hole-making nozzle (21) far away from the sliding sleeve spring (23).
  9. 9. The reaming and cave-building construction method based on hydraulic reversing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, sequentially installing a drill rod, a reaming and hole-making drilling tool and a drill bit; S2, starting a pump, pumping water into a drill rod and a reaming and hole-making drilling tool, and checking the pumping pressure: s2-1, if the pump pressure is in a high-pressure state, immediately stopping the pump, restarting the pump after the pressure is completely removed, and if the pump pressure is restarted, the pump pressure is in a low-pressure state; S2-2, if the pump pressure is in a low-pressure state, the valve disc (64) rotates to a third position, the valve disc through hole (643) is communicated with the through hole of the lower joint (7), the sliding sleeve (22) is in a first position, and water flows through the upper joint (1), the transition sleeve (4), the lower shell (4) and the lower joint in sequence and then is discharged from the drill bit; S3, drilling action is carried out in a low-pressure state, a new drill rod is repeatedly connected to the free end of the drill rod, and the step S2 is repeated after the new drill rod is connected until the reaming and hole-making drilling tool and the drill bit reach the preset hole-making position; s4, stopping the pump, restarting the pump after the pressure is completely removed, and enabling the pump pressure to be in a high-pressure state after restarting the pump; s4-1, if the pump pressure is in a low-pressure state, immediately stopping the pump, restarting the pump after the pressure is completely removed, and if the pump pressure is restarted, the pump pressure is in a high-pressure state; S4-2, if the pump pressure is in a high-pressure state, the valve disc (64) rotates to a fourth position, the valve disc through hole (643) is not communicated with the through hole of the lower joint (7), the sliding sleeve (22) is in a second position, the cavitation nozzle (21) is exposed to the outside, and after water enters the upper joint (1), water flow is discharged through the cavitation nozzle (21) to perform hydraulic cavitation; s5, lifting the drill rod at the same time of hydraulic hole making, repeatedly disassembling the redundant drill rod, and repeating the step S4 after disassembling until the hydraulic hole making position reaches a preset design position; S6, stopping the pump, lifting the drill rod, reaming and hole-making drilling tools and drills, and is disassembled.

Description

Reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing and construction method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of hydraulic punching and hole making, in particular to a reaming and hole making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing and a construction method. Background In recent years, the hydraulic punching and hole-making technology is widely applied to the field of underground gas extraction, drilling and pressure relief in coal mines in China. The hydraulic punching drilling tools (such as the technical scheme disclosed in patent CN 111236842B) which are used in the prior art are all in the low-flow downhole construction and the high-flow jet cavitation construction and switching modes. The core of the structural control is based on the flow cone valve, the cone valve is in an open state at low flow, flushing liquid flows through the drill bit to carry out flushing during drilling through the inner hole, the cone valve is in a closed state at high flow, and the flushing liquid flows through the nozzle to carry out jet cavitation. The structure has serious limitation of insufficient flow when coping with broken stratum and large-diameter drilling, and can effectively remove slag when the broken stratum and the large-diameter drilling are drilled with larger flushing flow. The scheme disclosed in patent CN 118958871B realizes the separation of drilling water flow and punching water flow through double-pipe double-channel, and in principle can realize high-flow drilling, but each section of drill rod needs to be replaced by a structure specially limited in the scheme, so that the drill rod has a complex structure and high popularization difficulty. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a reaming and hole-making drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing and a construction method, which adopts the following technical scheme: A reaming cavitation drilling tool based on hydraulic reversing comprises an upper joint, a transition sleeve, a lower shell and a lower joint which are sequentially arranged and communicated, wherein a cavitation nozzle and a joint overflow hole are radially arranged on the upper joint, a sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the upper joint, a sliding sleeve spring is abutted between the sliding sleeve and the transition sleeve, when the sliding sleeve is in a first position, the sliding sleeve is abutted with the upper joint, the cavitation nozzle is shielded inside the sliding sleeve, a cavity is formed between the surfaces of the upper joint and the inner surface of the sliding sleeve on two sides of the joint overflow hole, when the sliding sleeve is in a second position, the cavitation nozzle is exposed outside the sliding sleeve, a reversing assembly is arranged in the lower shell, the reversing assembly comprises a valve disc which rotates circumferentially relative to the lower shell, a through hole is axially formed in the valve disc, when the valve disc rotates to a third position, the through hole is communicated with a through hole in the lower shell, at the moment, the water pressure in the through hole of the upper joint is lower than a preset pressure value, when the valve disc rotates to a fourth position, the through hole of the valve disc is not communicated with the through hole in the lower joint, and at the moment, the water in the through hole of the upper joint is higher than the preset pressure value, and at the second position. On the basis of the scheme, the reversing assembly comprises a piston, a driving wheel, driven wheels and valve discs which are sequentially arranged, wherein the piston is provided with a throttling flow-through hole, the inner diameter of the throttling flow-through hole is smaller than that of an adjacent transition sleeve, the piston axially moves and synchronously circumferentially rotates relative to a lower shell, the maximum angle of single rotation is 60 degrees, the driving wheel synchronously rotates with the piston, one end of the driving wheel, which faces the driven wheels, is provided with driving gear teeth, the outer surface of the driving gear teeth is a first enveloping bevel, the number of the driving gear teeth is 3 and is uniformly distributed, one end of the driven wheel, which faces one end of the driving wheel, is provided with driven gear teeth, the outer surface of the driven gear teeth is a second enveloping bevel, the driving gear teeth are meshed with the driven gear teeth in a spacing mode, the first enveloping bevel is matched with the second enveloping bevel, the number of the driven gear teeth is 6, the driven gear teeth are circumferentially uniformly distributed, the driven gear rotates synchronously, one side of the valve disc, which is close to the lower joint, is uniformly spaced, is provided with a through hole and a blind hole, the opening of the valve disc faces the lower joint, the valve disc is uniformly, the openi