Search

CN-121976777-A - Delayed detonation device for oil and gas well perforation, detonation method thereof and oil and gas well perforation device

CN121976777ACN 121976777 ACN121976777 ACN 121976777ACN-121976777-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a delayed detonation device for oil and gas well perforation, a detonation method thereof and an oil and gas well perforation device. The delayed detonation device comprises a shell, a cavity is formed in the shell and penetrates through a perforation of an oil-gas well, a mechanical timing module, a locking piece and a release mechanism are sequentially arranged in the cavity, the mechanical timing module regulates the locking piece to enable the locking piece to lock or release the release mechanism, the mechanical timing module can delay preset time to open the locking piece so that the release mechanism is in a release state, and the release mechanism conducts detonation to a detonating tube of the perforating gun through the lower connecting port. The invention realizes double guarantee of manual control under normal conditions and automatic detonation under extreme conditions through the mechanical timing delay detonation device, improves the safety and success rate of perforation operation, and has important application value and popularization significance.

Inventors

  • GUO SHUSHENG
  • CHEN XIANJUN
  • YANG YI
  • LIU ZEXU
  • ZHU WEIHANG

Assignees

  • 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司
  • 中法渤海地质服务有限公司海南分公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260105

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A delayed detonation device for perforating an oil and gas well, comprising: The oil-gas well perforating device comprises a shell (2) which is arranged in an oil-gas well perforating hole in a penetrating way, wherein ports are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell (2), the upper connecting port is used for communicating a wellhead of the oil-gas well, and the lower connecting port is used for communicating a perforating gun detonating tube; The cavity is internally provided with a mechanical timing module (4), a locking piece and a release mechanism in sequence, wherein the mechanical timing module (4) regulates and controls the locking piece so as to lock or release the release mechanism by the locking piece; the mechanical timing module (4) can delay a preset time to open the locking piece so as to enable the release mechanism to be in a release state, and the release mechanism conducts explosion to the perforating gun detonating tube through the lower connecting port.
  2. 2. The delayed detonation device of claim 1, wherein: The hydraulic lock is characterized in that a flow passage for conducting the upper connecting port and the lower connecting port is formed in the cavity, a triggering unit is further arranged in the cavity and arranged between the mechanical timing module (4) and the upper connecting port, the triggering unit comprises a blocking component (8) and a piston (7) which are in butt joint, the blocking component (8) is arranged in the flow passage, fluid in the flow passage generates pressure on the blocking component (8), and when the pressure is larger than a preset value, the blocking component (8) drives the piston (7) to move so that the piston (7) triggers the mechanical timing module (4) to open the locking piece.
  3. 3. The delayed detonation device of claim 2, wherein: The mechanical timing module (4) comprises a clockwork gear type delay assembly (12) and a hydraulic damping type delay assembly (13), the clockwork gear type delay assembly (12) comprises a clockwork spring, a gear reduction and a cam mechanism, the clockwork spring provides power and is transmitted to the cam mechanism through the gear reduction mechanism, the hydraulic damping type assembly (13) comprises a hydraulic cylinder containing the piston (7), and the triggering unit triggers the clockwork spring and triggers the liquid flow of the hydraulic cylinder so that the mechanical timing module (4) delays opening the locking piece.
  4. 4. A delayed detonation device as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: The release mechanism comprises a compression spring (9) and a firing pin (10), wherein the compression spring (9) is abutted against the firing pin (10), the locking piece acts on the firing pin (10), and when the locking piece unlocks the firing pin (10), the compression spring (9) pushes the firing pin (10).
  5. 5. The delayed detonation device of claim 4, wherein: The locking piece comprises a first locking piece, the first locking piece comprises a shearing pin (5), and the shearing pin (5) is arranged between the piston (7) and the shell (2) and used for locking the piston (7).
  6. 6. The delayed detonation device of claim 4 or 5, wherein: The locking piece further comprises a second locking piece, the second locking piece comprises a shifting fork pawl (6), the shifting fork pawl (6) clamps the firing pin (10) and is matched with the mechanical timing module (4), and the shifting fork pawl (6) is separated from the firing pin (10) when the mechanical timing module (4) finishes timing.
  7. 7. A detonation method utilizing the delayed detonation device of any of claims 1-6, comprising: And the first detonation mode is to pressurize the cavity through the upper connecting port until the mechanical timing module (4) is started, and the mechanical timing module (4) delays the preset time to regulate the locking piece, so that the release mechanism is in a release state to detonate.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: and when the mechanical timing module (4) is started, the pressure in the cavity is relieved at the same time, so that the cavity is in a negative pressure state.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: When the locking piece comprises a shear pin (5), the method further comprises a second detonation mode, the pressure is increased in the cavity through the upper connecting port until the shear pin (5) is disconnected, and the piston (7) moves to push the release mechanism to detonate.
  10. 10. An oil and gas well perforating device comprising a delayed detonation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 or a delayed detonation device operating in accordance with the method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.

Description

Delayed detonation device for oil and gas well perforation, detonation method thereof and oil and gas well perforation device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well shooting control devices, and particularly relates to a delayed detonation device for oil and gas well perforation, a detonation method thereof and an oil and gas well perforation device. Background In the completion of oil and gas wells, perforation is a key step in connecting the wellbore with the hydrocarbon reservoir, and its reliability is directly related to the productivity of the oil and gas well and the operational safety. The tubing transmission perforation (TCP) in widespread use today is triggered mainly by hydraulic, mechanical impact or cable electrical signals. Under the conventional conditions, the methods can meet the construction requirements, but gradually expose limitations in deep wells, ultra-deep wells and high-temperature high-pressure wells. For example, hydraulic triggering requires stable pressure difference support, pressure is difficult to build when lost circulation or packing fails, mechanical impact is dependent on rod or ball throwing, but is easily affected by friction and well liquid resistance in high well deviation or long horizontal section, triggering success rate is reduced, cable electric signals are flexible, and cable or electronic element failure can be caused by underground high-temperature conditions, so that reliability is insufficient. More serious, when the perforating gun cannot be detonated underground, a gun string with a initiating explosive device is usually required to be integrally lifted out, the operation is complex, and serious potential safety hazards exist, so that the construction period is influenced, and the well control risk is increased. While redundant designs (e.g., dual initiators or multi-stage detonating chains) have been developed in the industry to improve reliability, the problem of too strong dependence on external conditions has not been fundamentally solved. Therefore, a novel perforation detonation mode is urgently needed, manual triggering can be achieved under the conventional condition, meanwhile, under the extreme working condition, no external power supply or pressure condition is needed, detonation is automatically completed within a preset time by means of an internal delay mechanism, and therefore safety and success rate of TCP perforation operation under complex well conditions are improved. The Chinese patent document CN223044134U mainly relates to the equipment improvement of the perforating gun shell processing link, and mainly realizes the recovery and cleaning of metal scraps in the perforating gun cup hole processing process by arranging a processing workbench, a scraps collecting box, an exhaust fan, a hose and the like. Its advantages are high machining efficiency and less environmental pollution. However, this technique is limited to the production and manufacturing links of perforating guns and does not relate to the reliability or safety of detonation during downhole use. In contrast, the delayed detonation device provided by the application is oriented to underground practical scenes, and solves the problem that the perforating gun can be automatically and reliably detonated under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and incapability of manual pressurization, so that the delayed detonation device has higher practicability and safety value in the aspect of functional application. The Chinese patent document CN223177511U focuses on the convenience of operation of the perforating gun in a limited space, and the perforating gun connector, the protective cover and the threaded connection structure are improved, so that the perforating gun is more stable and reliable in installation and use, and is suitable for the underground environment with limited operation space. Although the structural optimization of the perforating gun is helpful for improving the construction convenience, the technology still mainly stays on the improvement of the structure and the installation reliability of the perforating gun body, and does not touch the improvement of the detonation mode. Through analysis of the patent documents, the improvement of the perforating gun processing technology and the optimization of the structure installation convenience are mainly focused, and although the manufacturing and using links are improved, the problem of the detonation reliability of the perforating gun under the underground extreme working condition is not solved. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure or incapability of manual pressurization, the traditional triggering mode is extremely easy to fail, so that perforation is over fire or potential safety hazard is generated. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides a delayed detonation device for oil-gas well perforation, a detonation metho