CN-121976837-A - Automatic control method and system for opening and closing three air doors of coal mine

CN121976837ACN 121976837 ACN121976837 ACN 121976837ACN-121976837-A

Abstract

The application relates to an automatic control method and a system for opening and closing a coal mine air door in the technical field of coal mine ventilation, which sequentially comprise the following steps of S1 system constitution and sensor deployment; S2 intelligent decision and logic control, S3 linkage control and execution, S4 state monitoring and fault safety processing, S5 traffic completion confirmation and system reset. The application aims at the problem that the underground air door with the pedestrian small door cannot be effectively locked with the gate to easily cause wind flow disturbance, thereby fundamentally avoiding the risk of ventilation short circuit caused by the control runaway of the small door, realizing the intrinsically safe lifting from 'civil air defense' to 'technical defense', realizing the full-automatic control of the underground air door, improving the safety level and the automation degree of a mine and assisting the intelligent development of the mine.

Inventors

HUA KUNPENG
CHENG DAWEI
XIAO HUAJIAN
ZHAO GUANGYU
HE MIN
QIAN HUIFA
BU TENGTENG
CHANG WEIFENG
YANG SHUHAO
Sun Qianpei
LIU WENBIN
WANG FU

Assignees

天地（常州）自动化股份有限公司
中煤科工集团常州研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260323

Claims (9)

1. An automatic control method for opening and closing a coal mine air door is characterized by comprising the following steps: The S1 system is formed and deployed with a sensor, wherein a hardware main body consisting of a sensing unit, a control unit and an execution unit is constructed, the sensing unit is used for continuously scanning a monitoring area of the hardware main body, the control unit is responsible for processing a detection signal of the sensing unit and executing control logic of a core, and the execution unit is used for executing a control instruction; S2, intelligent decision and logic control, namely after the sensing unit captures a passing request signal and transmits the passing request signal to the control unit, the system enters a PLC program judgment decision stage, the request signal is classified and judged firstly, and then the control unit starts a key global state judgment flow; s3, after the request signal is permitted, the system enters a rigid interlocking control and execution stage to convert the logic instruction into a physical action; S4, state monitoring and fault safety processing, wherein the control unit executes comprehensive system diagnosis once in each scanning period, judges system faults and immediately starts emergency response; s5, after the system confirms that the vehicle or the pedestrian passes, the response capability of all the channels to the sensing unit is restored.
2. The automatic control method for the opening and closing of the coal mine air door according to claim 1, wherein the sensing unit comprises an infrared correlation sensor, a radar sensor, a light-operated sensor and a position sensor, the control unit comprises a mining explosion-proof and intrinsic safety type PLC electric cabinet, and the execution unit comprises a pneumatic control box, a pneumatic control button box, an explosion-proof button, an air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and an audible and visual alarm.
3. The method for automatically controlling the opening, closing and three closing of a coal mine air door according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the decision method is as follows: The control unit analyzes the source of the signals, classifies the signals as high-level vehicle requests if the signals are from a vehicle detection network and automatically locks corresponding gates as target channels, classifies the signals as pedestrian requests if the signals are from sensors at air doors and locks corresponding air doors, and when time conflict occurs between the vehicles from the same direction or different directions and the pedestrian requests, the control unit responds to the vehicle requests preferentially and sends waiting instructions to pedestrians through audible and visual alarms of target areas immediately.
4. The method for automatically controlling one open/close of a coal mine damper according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the global state judgment method is as follows: The control unit reads the status signals from the position sensors on all the air doors in real time, a dynamic system status image is formed inside, the system status image clearly marks the real-time opening and closing states of two big doors and two small doors, at least three air doors are in a completely closed state in the system status image, for any newly arrived request which is judged to pass, the control unit compares the newly arrived request with the current status image, the request is finally permitted only when the system is in a standby state in which all the doors are closed or the opened door is the target of the current request and is about to be closed, if one irrelevant air door in the system is in an open state, the new request is put into a waiting queue, and a corresponding audible and visual alarm can send a waiting prompt until the system safety condition is met again.
5. The method for automatically controlling one open/close of a coal mine air door according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the method for controlling and executing the rigid interlock is as follows: The execution unit sends a forced locking instruction to three air doors to be closed, after confirming that the locking instruction is reliably sent and takes effect, the control unit sends an opening instruction to an electromagnetic valve of the air door to be opened, the air door is opened by the air cylinder, meanwhile, a position sensor arranged on the air door sends a state signal after the air door is opened in place to the control unit to form closed loop control, and when the air door is opened to a preset full-open position, the opening state of the position sensor is triggered, and the full-open signal is fed back to the control unit.
6. The method for automatically controlling one open/close operation of a coal mine ventilation door according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the system diagnosis method is as follows: The system continuously checks a key inequality that the number of opened air doors is less than or equal to 1, the system can accumulate opening state signals of four air doors in real time, under normal conditions, the summation result can only be 0 or 1, once the system monitors that two or more air doors are simultaneously in an opening state due to sensor faults, clamping stagnation of an actuating mechanism, communication interruption or manual strong damage, the inequality is broken, and a control unit can instantly judge that the system has the highest-level interlocking failure fault.
7. The method for automatically controlling one-to-three opening and closing of a coal mine air door according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, the emergency response method is as follows: The control unit can trigger the highest-level audible and visual alarm, send out continuous and sharp alarms and red intense light flashing, warn underground personnel, and upload system fault information to a ground dispatching center at the same time, then, the control unit can surpass all normal control logics, immediately send emergency closing instructions to all driving devices of four air doors, force all air doors to execute closing actions no matter what state is currently in, and the system is in a fault locking state afterwards, and can be reset and restarted manually through a special process after maintenance personnel arrive at the scene to check and thoroughly solve faults.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S5, for the vehicle to pass, when the vehicle passes through the opened throttle completely and triggers the vehicle detection sensor on the inner side of the throttle, the control unit starts an adjustable safety delay timer; for pedestrian traffic, the control unit issues a command to close the damper after a short delay or immediately after the pedestrian passes the damper and triggers an infrared sensor inside the damper.
9. An automatic control system for opening and closing a coal mine air door, which is characterized in that the system is used for an automatic control method for opening and closing the coal mine air door according to any one of claims 1-8, and comprises an optical control sensor air door, a large air door, a small air door, an air cylinder, a radar sensor, an infrared correlation sensor and a position sensor, wherein the optical control sensor air door is installed in a coal mine roadway, the large air door is installed on the optical control sensor air door, the small air door is installed on the large air door, the air cylinder can drive the large air door to open and close, the radar sensor is installed at the top end of the optical control sensor air door, the infrared correlation sensor is installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the optical control sensor air door, and the position sensor is installed at the outlet end of the optical control sensor air door.

Description

Automatic control method and system for opening and closing three air doors of coal mine Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of coal mine ventilation, in particular to an automatic control method for opening and closing a coal mine air door and an automatic control system for the automatic control method. Background In coal mine safety production, stable operation of the ventilation system is critical. The main function of the air door serving as a key facility of the ventilation system is to control the air flow direction and the air quantity, ensure that each underground operation area can obtain sufficient and stable fresh air, and simultaneously effectively prevent the occurrence of harmful gas accumulation and air flow short circuit. The coal mine safety regulations clearly specify that in each connecting lane between an air inlet and an air return well and between a main air inlet and an air return lane, a forward air door with 2 closed channels and a reverse air door with 2 channels are arranged, or an interlocking air door with both forward and reverse functions is arranged at least 2 channels. Thereby guaranteeing the safety and reliability of the ventilation system. At present, the domestic underground coal mine air door control mode mainly comprises two types of manual control and automatic control. The mode of manually controlling the door leaf switch and the mechanical locking has a plurality of defects, such as high labor intensity and low efficiency of workers, and in actual operation, the problems that the door is not closed in time after being opened or the interlocking function of the two doors fails and the like easily occur, so that the stability of the underground ventilation system is seriously threatened, and the safety accident is probably caused. The existing automatic control air door technology mostly depends on electric signals. The common mode is to collect signals by means of an electrified infrared sensing probe, transmit the signals to a control host, and the control host outputs an electric signal according to a power supply to control the switch of an electromagnetic valve so as to drive a hydraulic or pneumatic system to realize the opening and closing actions of an air door. Although the automatic control device improves the automation level of the air door control to a certain extent, the control system is generally only used in an air door system without a small door of a pedestrian, the automatic control device is not applicable to large mines in northwest regions of China, the large mines are provided with small doors of the pedestrian because the size of the air door which is generally designed for passing a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle is large, the small doors of the pedestrian are designed on the door body for ensuring the passing convenience of the pedestrian, the small doors of the pedestrian are not generally involved in the automatic control system of the air door, the door is manually opened, and a spring handle is arranged at the side of the door opening to realize the closing of the air door, so that once the handle is damaged, two small doors of the pedestrian are possibly opened simultaneously to form short-circuit airflow, and various disaster accidents are extremely easy to be caused. Therefore, although the mine ventilation theory and safety management regulations have already clarified the basic principle of opening and closing three (namely, only one door is allowed to be opened in four doors), in technical practice, a mature solution capable of effectively covering all door leaves and realizing global intelligent interlocking control is lacking for a long time. The defects of 'large control not small control' and 'machine control not people' in the prior art form a durable and high-risk potential safety hazard in the coal mine ventilation system. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a method for fundamentally filling the technical blank in the background technology, all controllable door leaves (two big and two small) of a coal mine air door are incorporated into a unified and intelligent automatic control system, and the real and insurmountable 'open-close three' rigidity principle is realized through an advanced sensing technology and central control logic, so that the intrinsic safety level of a coal mine underground ventilation system is obviously improved. The invention aims to thoroughly solve the core safety defect of the existing underground coal mine air door control system. Although the traditional technology can realize simple interlocking between two gates, the effective control of small pedestrian gates on the gates is generally ignored, and a fatal safety blind area is formed. During the vehicle passing (one gate is opened), the personnel can open the other small gate at will, so that the substantial short circuit of wind flow caused by 'one gate and one small gate being simultaneously opened' is