CN-121976840-A - Underground air dust removal equipment for phosphorite exploitation

CN121976840ACN 121976840 ACN121976840 ACN 121976840ACN-121976840-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air dust removal, and discloses underground air dust removal equipment for phosphorite exploitation, which comprises a dust removal box, a top shell, a cloth bag dust removal mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a dust removal period regulation and control system. The ash removal period regulation and control system calculates a dust load impact coefficient, a filter bag dynamic resistance coefficient, an environment adaptation degree and a filter bag ash removal potential coefficient in real time based on inlet dust mass concentration, treatment air quantity, pressure difference of two sides of a filter bag, gas humidity and dew point margin, pressure drop recovery rate after ash removal of the previous round, initial pressure difference baseline and resistance recovery rate after ash removal, and dynamically determines a target ash removal period according to the dust load impact coefficient, the filter bag dynamic resistance coefficient, the environment adaptation degree and the filter bag ash removal potential coefficient. The invention realizes the self-adaptive accurate regulation and control of the ash removal period under the transient change of the dust load and the high-humidity environment, effectively avoids excessive ash removal or insufficient ash removal, improves the dust removal efficiency, reduces the energy consumption and prolongs the service life of the filter bag.

Inventors

WU XIANGUANG
CHENG WEI
YANG MIN
ZHAO XUEQUAN
ZHANG HENG
ZHANG YUJING

Assignees

湖北神农磷业科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260127

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a phosphorite exploitation underground air dust collecting equipment, includes the dust removal case to and the top casing that dust removal case top set firmly, dust removal case lateral wall and top casing top are provided with entry and air outlet respectively, its characterized in that still includes: the cloth bag dust removing mechanism is arranged in the dust removing box and is used for removing dust from underground air; The cleaning mechanism is arranged on the cloth bag dust removing mechanism and is used for removing ash from a cloth bag of the cloth bag dust removing mechanism; The ash cleaning period regulating and controlling system is connected with the control end of the cleaning mechanism and used for regulating the ash cleaning period in real time, and the ash cleaning period regulating and controlling system is configured to: Calculating a dust load impact coefficient based on the inlet dust mass concentration and the treatment air quantity; based on the pressure difference between two sides of the filter bag, calculating the dynamic resistance coefficient of the filter bag; Calculating environment adaptation degree based on the gas humidity and dew point margin, the dust load impact coefficient and the filter bag dynamic resistance coefficient; Calculating a filter bag ash removal potential coefficient based on the pressure drop recovery rate after the previous round of ash removal action, the initial pressure difference baseline after ash removal and the initial resistance recovery rate after ash removal; and determining a target ash removal period according to the filter bag ash removal potential coefficient and the environment adaptation degree.
2. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the calculated dust load impact coefficient is specifically: respectively carrying out normalization treatment on the inlet dust mass concentration and the treated air quantity with the corresponding design maximum values to obtain an inlet dust mass concentration index and a treated air quantity index; And multiplying the inlet dust mass concentration index by the treatment air quantity index to obtain a dust load impact coefficient.
3. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 2, wherein the calculating the dynamic resistance coefficient of the filter bag is specifically as follows: acquiring the pressure difference of two sides of the filter bag, and calculating the change rate of the pressure difference along with time; respectively carrying out normalization treatment on the differential pressure at two sides of the filter bag and the change rate thereof with corresponding allowable maximum values to obtain differential pressure indexes at two sides of the filter bag and differential pressure change rate indexes at two sides of the filter bag; And carrying out weighted combination operation on the differential pressure indexes at the two sides of the filter bag and the differential pressure change rate indexes at the two sides of the filter bag to obtain the dynamic resistance coefficient of the filter bag, wherein the dynamic resistance coefficient of the filter bag is positively correlated with the differential pressure indexes at the two sides of the filter bag and the differential pressure change rate indexes at the two sides of the filter bag.
4. A phosphorite mining downhole air dust removal device according to claim 3, wherein the computing environment adaptation degree is specifically: Acquiring gas humidity and dew point margin; calculating an environmental condition coefficient based on the gas humidity and the dew point margin, wherein the environmental condition coefficient is used for representing the supporting degree of the environment on ash cleaning behavior; carrying out geometric average treatment on the dust load impact coefficient and the filter bag dynamic resistance coefficient to obtain an ash removal demand coefficient; Carrying out combined operation on the dust load impact coefficient and the filter bag dynamic resistance coefficient to obtain an ash removal demand coefficient, wherein the ash removal demand coefficient is used for representing the demand degree of a system on ash removal behaviors; And comparing the environmental condition coefficient with the ash removal demand coefficient to obtain the environmental adaptation degree, wherein the environmental adaptation degree value is increased along with the increase of the environmental condition coefficient and is reduced along with the increase of the ash removal demand coefficient.
5. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 4, wherein the calculating environmental condition coefficient is specifically as follows: Calculating a humidity influence factor based on the gas humidity, the humidity influence factor decreasing as the gas humidity changes to an adverse direction; The method comprises the steps of performing ratio processing on a dew point margin and a safety dew point margin set value, and acquiring a dew point margin influence factor after adopting a min function limiting upper limit to be 1; Square-opening the product of the humidity influence factor and the dew point margin influence factor to obtain an environmental condition coefficient 。
6. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the dust removal potential coefficient of the filter bag is specifically as follows: performing maximum-minimum normalization treatment on the initial pressure difference baseline after ash removal and the initial resistance recovery rate after ash removal to obtain an initial pressure difference baseline index after ash removal and an initial resistance recovery rate index after ash removal; according to the pressure drop recovery rate after the previous round of ash removal, the initial pressure difference baseline index after ash removal and the initial resistance recovery rate index after ash removal, carrying out comprehensive operation based on a preset weight relation to obtain the ash removal potential coefficient of the filter bag; The filter bag ash removal potential coefficient is positively correlated with the pressure drop recovery rate, and is negatively correlated with the initial pressure difference baseline index after ash removal and the initial resistance recovery rate index after ash removal.
7. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the determined target ash removal period is specifically: Based on a reference ash removal period, forward adjusting the reference ash removal period according to the filter bag ash removal potential coefficient, and reversely adjusting the adjusted period according to the environment adaptation, so as to determine the target ash removal period.
8. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the cloth bag dust removal mechanism comprises a mounting plate horizontally and fixedly arranged in a dust removal box, at least one cloth bag is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, the cloth bag is positioned below the mounting plate, and a negative pressure fan is fixedly arranged in the top shell.
9. The underground air dust removal device for phosphorite exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning mechanism comprises a flushing pipeline fixedly arranged above the mounting plate in the dust removal box, the flushing pipeline is connected with an external air source, at least one flushing head is arranged on the flushing pipeline, and the flushing head is arranged right above the cloth bag.

Description

Underground air dust removal equipment for phosphorite exploitation Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of air dust removal, and particularly relates to underground air dust removal equipment for phosphorite exploitation. Background The phosphorite exploitation belongs to a typical underground non-coal mine operation, and in the exploitation process, a great amount of mineral dust is generated in the working procedures of rock drilling, blasting, crushing, transferring and the like. The dust not only seriously pollutes the underground operation environment and endangers the occupational health of workers (such as pneumoconiosis, etc.), but also has a certain explosion risk, and meanwhile, the suspended dust with high concentration can reduce the visibility of equipment and influence the production safety and efficiency. Therefore, the efficient dust removal of underground air is an indispensable link for safe production of phosphorite. The bag-type dust collector is widely applied to underground air purification of mines due to the characteristics of high dust collection efficiency, stable operation, capability of processing high-concentration dust and the like. The working principle is that dust-containing air flows through the filter bag, dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bag to form a dust layer, and purified air is discharged. With the thickening of the dust layer, the running resistance (pressure difference) of the equipment rises along with the thickening, and a dust removing mechanism (such as pulse blowing) needs to be started periodically to remove part of the dust layer so as to recover the air permeability of the filter bag and ensure that the system continuously runs within a reasonable resistance range. At present, the ash removal control strategies of underground cloth bag dust removing equipment are mostly simpler and fixed, and mainly comprise two types, namely, timing ash removal, namely, ash removal is started according to a preset fixed time interval, and fixed pressure difference ash removal, namely, ash removal is started when the pressure difference of two sides of a filter bag reaches a certain fixed set value. However, the underground working condition of phosphorite is complex and changeable, dust generation has the characteristics of instantaneity and paroxysmal property (such as rapid increase of concentration after blasting), the humidity of the underground environment is generally higher, and the dust is easy to absorb moisture and deliquesce. The existing ash removal control strategy has obvious limitations that the actual dust load cannot be perceived by the regular ash removal, energy waste and excessive wear of a filter bag are caused under low load, insufficient ash removal and resistance surge are possibly caused under high load, the constant pressure difference ash removal responds to a resistance signal but belongs to hysteresis control, and the deep influence of environmental humidity on ash removal effect and filter bag state is not considered (such as frequent strong ash removal can cause hardening of dust on the surface of the filter bag and irreversible damage of sticking of the filter bag under high temperature environment). Therefore, the existing control mode is difficult to realize accurate, economical and self-adaptive regulation and control of ash removal action in complex and dynamic phosphorite underground environment, and often faces the outstanding contradiction among dust removal efficiency, operation energy consumption, filter bag service life and system reliability. The control system capable of comprehensively sensing multidimensional information such as dust load, equipment resistance state and environmental conditions and intelligently deciding the ash removal period is developed, and has important significance in improving the overall efficiency of underground phosphorite dust removal equipment, reducing comprehensive operation cost and guaranteeing long-term stable operation. The present invention has been made in view of this real demand. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention aims to provide underground air dust removal equipment for phosphorite exploitation, which aims to solve the problems. The underground air dust removing equipment for phosphorite exploitation comprises a dust removing box, a top shell fixedly arranged at the top of the dust removing box, a cloth bag dust removing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a dust removing cycle regulating system and a filter bag dust removing potential coefficient, wherein the side wall of the dust removing box and the top of the top shell are respectively provided with an inlet and an air outlet, the cloth bag dust removing mechanism is arranged in the dust removing box and is used for removing dust of underground air, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on the cloth bag dust removing mechanism and is used for removing dust of cloth bags of the cloth