CN-121976841-A - Energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device and method based on liquid nitrogen phase change

CN121976841ACN 121976841 ACN121976841 ACN 121976841ACN-121976841-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of coal seam anti-reflection, in particular to a liquid nitrogen phase change based energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet flow coal seam anti-reflection device and method. In the anti-reflection device, liquid nitrogen is filled in a nitrogen cavity of a piston bin, the liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen cavity is heated to enable the liquid nitrogen to be gasified rapidly, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen cavity reaches set pressure, high-pressure oil is filled in an oil cavity to enable the oil liquid in the oil cavity to reach set pressure, so that the nitrogen cavity and the oil cavity reach balance, particles are filled in an impact pipe through a particle filling mechanism, then the oil cavity is relieved rapidly, under the action of the high-pressure nitrogen, a piston is pushed rapidly, an impact head of the piston pushes the particles out of the impact pipe at a high speed, the high-speed particles impact the surface of a coal body, and therefore coal and rock are broken through impact energy of the high-speed particles.

Inventors

LI BOTAO
Zhen Zedong
LIANG MINGYAO
TAN YUXUAN
CHEN ZHIYING
ZHANG HONGTU
WEI JIANPING
LIU YONG
XU XIANGYU
CHEN CHANGJIANG
ZHANG HUIDONG

Assignees

河南理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. The energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change is characterized by comprising a pulse abrasive jet mechanism and a particle filling mechanism; the pulse abrasive jet mechanism comprises a piston bin, and an impact piston is arranged in the piston bin in a guiding manner; the impact piston divides a piston bin into a nitrogen cavity and an oil cavity, the nitrogen cavity is filled with nitrogen, and the oil cavity is filled with oil; An impact tube is arranged at one side of the piston bin, an impact head is arranged on the impact piston, and the impact head moves in a guiding way in the impact tube; The particle filling mechanism is used for filling particles into the impact tube, and after the nitrogen cavity and the oil cavity are balanced, the pressure of the oil cavity is relieved, so that the piston drives the impact head to push the particles out of the impact tube, and the particles are impacted on the surface of the coal body.
2. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase transition according to claim 1, wherein the piston bin is provided with a liquid nitrogen injection port in a range corresponding to the nitrogen air cavity, the liquid nitrogen injection port is communicated with a liquid nitrogen storage tank through a pipeline, and a buffer tank is further arranged on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the liquid nitrogen injection port; A first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the buffer tank, and a first pressure gauge and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on a pipeline between the buffer tank and the liquid nitrogen injection port; liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank firstly enters the buffer tank for temporary storage, and then the liquid nitrogen enters the nitrogen cavity from the buffer tank.
3. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 2, wherein a heater is arranged in a nitrogen cavity of the piston bin, the heater is connected with a temperature controller, and the temperature controller is used for controlling heating power of the heater; And a first pressure sensor is arranged in the nitrogen cavity.
4. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 3, wherein the piston bin is provided with an oil filling port and an oil draining port in a range corresponding to the oil cavity; The oil drain port is communicated with an oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank through an oil discharge pipeline, and a second pressure gauge and a third electromagnetic valve are arranged on the oil discharge pipeline; And a second pressure sensor is arranged in the oil cavity.
5. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 4, wherein the oil inlet is communicated with an oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank through an oil injection pipeline, and a booster pump, a third pressure gauge and a fourth electromagnetic valve are arranged on the oil injection pipeline.
6. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are formed in one side, away from the impact piston, of the oil cavity, and buffer blocks are arranged in part of the guide grooves in a guiding mode.
7. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 6, wherein a spring is arranged between the buffer block and the bottom of the guide groove.
8. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 7, wherein the particle filling mechanism comprises a particle filling bin and a first variable frequency motor, and the particle filling bin is arranged on an output shaft of the first variable frequency motor; The particle filling bin is provided with a plurality of particle filling positions, and the particle filling positions are aligned to the impact tube by driving the particle filling bin to rotate through the variable frequency motor of the electric instrument.
9. The energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change according to claim 7, wherein the anti-reflection device further comprises a feeding mechanism for loading particles into a particle filling bin; The feeding mechanism comprises a second variable frequency motor, a crank, a connecting rod, a filling piston and a particle bin, wherein the crank is connected to an output shaft of the second variable frequency motor, and two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the crank and the filling piston; the filling piston is aligned with a particle filling position at the top of the particle filling bin, and a blanking port of the particle bin is arranged between the filling piston and the particle filling bin.
10. The method for enhancing the permeability of the energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam based on the liquid nitrogen phase change is characterized by using the device for enhancing the permeability of the energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam based on the liquid nitrogen phase change, and comprises the following steps of: Step 1, opening a first electromagnetic valve to enable liquid nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen storage tank to flow to a buffer tank, observing a first pressure gauge value at the moment, and closing and opening the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the first electromagnetic valve after the first pressure gauge value reaches a set value; step 2, opening a second electromagnetic valve to enable liquid nitrogen in the buffer tank to be filled into the nitrogen cavity; step 3, starting a heater to gasify the liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen cavity, and closing the heater after the first pressure sensor reaches a set value; Step 4, opening a fourth electromagnetic valve, starting a booster pump to inject hydraulic oil into the oil cavity, pushing the impact piston to move through the hydraulic oil so as to compress the nitrogen cavity; Step 5, starting a second variable frequency motor, pushing particles into a particle filling position of a particle filling bin through a filling piston, and then starting a first variable frequency motor to drive the particle filling bin to rotate, so that the next empty position is aligned to the filling piston until the particle filling bin rotates the particles to the position of an impact tube; step 6, opening a third electromagnetic valve, releasing pressure of the oil cavity, pushing particles out of the impact tube by the impact piston under the pushing action of compressed nitrogen, and striking the particles on the surface of the coal body; and 7, repeating the steps 1-6 until the set coal crushing and anti-reflection task is completed.

Description

Energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device and method based on liquid nitrogen phase change Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of coal seam anti-reflection, in particular to a liquid nitrogen phase change based energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet flow coal seam anti-reflection device and method. Background In the process of mining and extracting gas from a coal seam, hard coal is inevitably faced. The common coal breaking method is a mechanical rock breaking method, and the mechanical breaking method mainly refers to a method for cutting and stripping coal bodies through continuous action of mechanical force by adopting a cutting drum of a coal cutter or a cutting pick of a heading machine. The mechanical crushing method has the outstanding advantages of continuous operation, high safety, easy automation and the like, and has become the main stream technology of modern coal exploitation. However, when the traditional mechanical crushing method is used for coping with hard coal beds, gangue inclusion or coal-rock complex with stronger toughness, the problems of severe pick wear, high crushing energy consumption, spark-induced gas risk and the like exist. The cutter replacement cost and the downtime are obviously increased, the mining efficiency is reduced, and the severe vibration and friction heat generated by the cutter replacement cost and the cutter replacement time can also induce safety accidents such as coal and gas outburst, dust explosion and the like. On the premise of ensuring safety, the crushing efficiency of the complex coal seam is obviously improved, the machine tool loss is reduced, and the method is a key technical bottleneck for realizing safe and efficient exploitation of coal resources. Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a liquid nitrogen phase change based energy-accumulating pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device and method, so as to solve or alleviate the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase change comprises a pulse abrasive jet mechanism and a particle filling mechanism; the pulse abrasive jet mechanism comprises a piston bin, and an impact piston is arranged in the piston bin in a guiding manner; the impact piston divides a piston bin into a nitrogen cavity and an oil cavity, the nitrogen cavity is filled with nitrogen, and the oil cavity is filled with oil; An impact tube is arranged at one side of the piston bin, an impact head is arranged on the impact piston, and the impact head moves in a guiding way in the impact tube; The particle filling mechanism is used for filling particles into the impact tube, and after the nitrogen cavity and the oil cavity are balanced, the pressure of the oil cavity is relieved, so that the piston drives the impact head to push the particles out of the impact tube, and the particles are impacted on the surface of the coal body. According to the energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase transition, preferably, the piston bin is provided with a liquid nitrogen injection port in a range corresponding to the nitrogen cavity, the liquid nitrogen injection port is communicated with a liquid nitrogen storage tank through a pipeline, and a buffer tank is further arranged on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the liquid nitrogen injection port; A first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the buffer tank, and a first pressure gauge and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on a pipeline between the buffer tank and the liquid nitrogen injection port; liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank firstly enters the buffer tank for temporary storage, and then the liquid nitrogen enters the nitrogen cavity from the buffer tank. According to the energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase transition, preferably, a heater is arranged in the nitrogen cavity of the piston bin, the heater is connected with a temperature controller, and the temperature controller is used for controlling the heating power of the heater; And a first pressure sensor is arranged in the nitrogen cavity. According to the energy-gathering pulse abrasive jet coal seam anti-reflection device based on liquid nitrogen phase transition, preferably, the piston bin is provided with an oil filling port and an oil draining port in a range corresponding to the oil cavity; The oil drain port is communicated with an oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank through an oil discharge pipeline, and a second pre