CN-121976854-A - Broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method based on peephole imaging contrast

CN121976854ACN 121976854 ACN121976854 ACN 121976854ACN-121976854-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a peep hole imaging contrast-based broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method, and belongs to the field of coal mine rock burst control and roof control. The method comprises the steps of arranging peepholes between adjacent broken top blasting holes, enabling the inclination angles and the hole depths of the peepholes to be consistent with those of the broken top blasting holes, respectively utilizing a drilling peephole instrument to image the peepholes in the holes before and after the broken top blasting, obtaining crack characteristic baselines and crack expansion characteristics after the blasting, comparing and analyzing imaging results before and after the blasting, judging whether the broken top blasting forms effective through cracks and pressure relief effects thereof according to the change of the number of the cracks, the promotion of the crack penetration degree, the formation of broken bands, the collapse of the holes and other hole characteristics, and realizing quick, visual and standardized acceptance of the broken top blasting effects. The invention has strong field operability without adding complex equipment or algorithms, and can be used for guiding the adjustment of the broken-roof blasting parameters and the decision of subsequent anti-collision measures.

Inventors

LIU GANG
JIANG ZHIZHONG
ZHANG JIANI
LIU SHOUBING
LIU JIGONG
BAO XINCHENG
MI SHIJUN
MA XINGGUO
Tian Haowei
WANG WENJIAN

Assignees

肥城矿业集团单县能源有限责任公司
贵州大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. A broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method based on peephole imaging contrast is characterized by comprising the following steps: a. selecting two adjacent broken top blastholes in a broken top blasthole section to be checked as a checking hole group, and arranging at least one peeping hole between the two adjacent broken top blastholes; b. Constructing peeping holes, so that the peeping holes and the broken top blasting holes meet the geometric consistency of the same hole direction, wherein the geometric consistency of the same hole direction at least comprises that the inclination angles and the hole depths of the peeping holes are respectively consistent with the inclination angles and the hole depths of the broken top blasting holes; c. Determining target depth sections [ X, Y ] corresponding to the broken top action range by taking the orifice of the peeping hole as a depth zero point, wherein X < Y, the target depth sections [ X, Y ] are determined according to the position of the charging section or the designed broken top height range, at least cover the charging section and extend for 0.5-2 m respectively up and down, and the orifice datum is used as the zero point for alignment; d. Before the implementation of the broken roof blasting, adopting a drilling peeping imaging device to carry out in-hole imaging on the peeping hole, obtaining pre-blasting image data covering the target depth sections [ X, Y ] and establishing a base line; e. implementing broken roof blasting pressure relief on broken roof blastholes in the acceptance hole group; f. D, after the broken roof blasting is implemented, the same drilling peeping imaging equipment is adopted, and the same peeping hole is subjected to repeated measurement imaging under the condition of the same imaging parameters, so that post-blasting image data covering the target depth sections [ X, Y ] are obtained; g. Performing depth registration and alignment contrast on the pre-blasting image data and the post-blasting image data in a target depth section [ X, Y ] based on the depth zero point, and extracting at least one intra-hole structure change characteristic as an acceptance index, wherein the intra-hole structure change characteristic at least comprises crack quantity change, crack penetration degree change, broken belt formation, hole wall integrity change or hole collapse characteristic; h. Comparing the acceptance index with a preset criterion, and outputting an acceptance conclusion of the pressure relief effect of the broken roof blasting, wherein when the preset criterion at least meets any one of the following, the broken roof blasting is judged to be effective in pressure relief: (1) In the target depth section [ X, Y ], the number of cracks is increased after blasting compared with that before blasting, and the number of through cracks is increased; (2) Forming a continuous crushing belt in the target depth section [ X, Y ], wherein the length of the crushing belt is more than or equal to 10% of the length of the target depth section, and the continuous crushing belt is determined by one or more characterization of continuous peeling/blocking off of the hole wall, visible diameter shrinkage or expansion of the hole diameter and dense distribution of cracks in the image; (3) The integrity of the hole wall after blasting is changed from 'complete/basically complete' to 'broken/obviously broken'; (4) After blasting, hole collapse or diameter shrinkage occurs and irreversible damage to the hole wall structure occurs.
2. The method for checking and accepting the pressure relief effect of broken roof blasting based on peephole imaging contrast of claim 1, wherein the peephole is arranged in the middle area of the connecting line of two adjacent broken roof blastholes, or the distance d between the peephole and one blasthole is more than or equal to 0.05L and less than or equal to 0.20L, wherein L is the hole site distance between two adjacent blastholes.
3. The method for checking and accepting broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging contrast according to claim 1, wherein the peephole and the broken roof blasting hole have the same inclination angle and hole depth, and the imaging contrast selects an in-hole image of a section with the same depth as a contrast object.
4. The method for checking and accepting the pressure relief effect of broken roof blasting based on peephole imaging contrast, wherein the pre-blasting hole crack characteristic information and the post-blasting hole crack characteristic information at least comprise one of the following crack quantity, crack length, crack trend, crack penetration degree, broken belt range, hole wall integrity and hole collapse characteristic.
5. The method for checking and accepting the broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging contrast according to claim 1, wherein the fracture penetration degree change is determined according to the number N c of the penetration fracture and/or the accumulated length L c of the penetration fracture in the target depth section [ X, Y ], N c , in the target depth section [ X, Y ], satisfying the number of cracks which are judged to be through cracks, wherein the number of cracks which are the same spans a plurality of segments is still 1; Recording the start-stop depth D s 、D e in the target depth zone [ X, Y ], the fracture length being taken Summing the lengths of the cracks to obtain ; The grading comprises at least: (1) No penetration, N c =0, and L c =0; (2) Local penetration is that N c is more than or equal to 1 and N c is less than or equal to 2, or 0< L c is less than 0.30X (Y-X); (3) The obvious penetration is that N c is more than or equal to 3, or L c is more than or equal to 0.30X (Y-X).
6. The method for checking and accepting broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging contrast according to claim 1, wherein the through crack means a crack which presents continuous crack line segments in an image and extends continuously over 0.5m in the circumferential direction or the axial direction of a hole wall; the integrity of the hole wall after blasting is recorded in four stages of 'complete, basically complete, broken and obviously broken': (1) The pore wall is continuous, no obvious peeling exists, cracks are visible but no piece is formed, the pore diameter is basically stable, and the proportion of the whole area of the pore wall is more than or equal to 90%; (2) The method is basically complete, namely, partial punctiform/flaking or tiny falling blocks are not formed into continuous broken bands, the pore diameter change is not obvious, and the proportion of the whole area of the pore wall is 70% -90%; (3) Crushing, namely continuously peeling off the hole wall, forming a ledge or a plurality of falling blocks to form an identifiable crushing belt, wherein the hole diameter is visible to shrink/expand, and the whole area ratio of the hole wall is 40% -70%; (4) Significant fracture, large area collapse, severe shrinkage/plugging, probe pushing blocked or imaging unable to cover the target section, hole wall complete area ratio <40% or irreversible collapse hole feature.
7. The method for checking and accepting broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging comparison of claim 1, wherein the peephole imaging comparison is characterized in that the peepholes are arranged at preset intervals along the direction of roadway trend or the advancing direction of a working face so as to form multi-point checking and accepting.
8. The method for checking and accepting broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging comparison according to claim 1, wherein the images or video data of the images before blasting and the images after blasting are numbered and archived, and are stored in association with the corresponding peephole numbers, depth sections and checking and accepting conclusions for retrospective and comparative analysis.
9. The method for checking and accepting broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging contrast according to claim 5, wherein when it is determined that the broken roof blasting pressure relief effect is not effective or insufficient, an adjustment suggestion is output, the adjustment suggestion at least comprises one of the following: (1) When N c =0 and L c =0, reducing the hole site spacing L of adjacent broken-top blastholes to 0.7-0.9 times the original value, and/or adding supplementary blastholes between two adjacent blastholes; (2) When the penetration degree is 'local penetration' and L c is less than 0.30X (Y-X), performing supplementary blasting, wherein the supplementary blasting holes are arranged in the inter-hole range corresponding to the insufficient acceptance section; (3) When the collapse holes occur after blasting, resulting in failure to complete [ X, Y ] imaging coverage, the number of peepholes is increased and the adjacent hole sets are rechecked, and/or the peephole positions are offset to a range of 0.05L-0.20L from the blastholes and rearranged.
10. The method for checking and accepting the broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peep hole imaging contrast as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step bar b, the inclination angle and the hole depth of the peep hole are respectively consistent with those of the broken top blasting hole, specifically, the inclination angle difference between the peep hole and the corresponding broken top blasting hole Azimuth angle difference less than or equal to 2 DEG Less than or equal to 3 degrees; peep hole aperture and design the point position deviation is less than or equal to 0.30m; peep hole depth and blast hole depth difference H is smaller than or equal to 0.30m or less than or equal to 2%, H is the depth of the corresponding broken top blast hole, and the difference between the diameter of the peeping hole and the diameter of the blast hole is less than or equal to 10mm; in the step c, the depth registration is completed through a metering wheel/depth coding device; In the step f, the same imaging parameter conditions refer to the same resolution, illumination, propulsion speed and sampling frequency.

Description

Broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method based on peephole imaging contrast Technical Field The invention relates to a peep hole imaging contrast-based broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method, and belongs to the field of coal mine rock burst control and roof control. Background In the exploitation process of the deep coal mine tunnel and the working face, the deep coal mine tunnel and the working face are influenced by factors such as advanced supporting pressure, goaf lateral supporting pressure, geological structures and the like, and stress of a roof structure and surrounding rock is easy to concentrate and energy accumulation occurs, so that dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like are induced. In engineering practice, in order to reduce the overall strength of the top plate, weaken the integrity of key blocks of the top plate and promote crack development and penetration, pressure relief measures such as middle-low level broken top blasting (pre-splitting blasting) are often adopted to realize the purposes of broken top pressure relief and anti-impact energy reduction. The existing evaluation and acceptance of the broken roof blasting pressure relief effect depend on site experience, roof pressure display or single monitoring index (such as microseismic energy, stress change and the like) to indirectly judge, and the following defects exist: (1) The standard and repeatable on-site acceptance process is lacking, and the acceptance conclusion is high in subjectivity; (2) The direct comparison evidence chain under the same position and same geometric condition before and after blasting is lacking, and whether the crack forms a through and the space range is difficult to accurately reflect; (3) When the roof breaking effect is insufficient, a rapid feedback mechanism is lacked to guide whether the parameters such as hole spacing, hole depth, inclination angle and the like need to be supplemented or not, so that timeliness and effectiveness of pressure relief and anti-collision measures are affected. Therefore, there is a need for a broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method capable of defining peephole arrangement rules, curing target depth segment alignment contrast rules, and outputting a hierarchical acceptance conclusion. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance method based on peep hole imaging contrast. The method is used for solving the problems that the conventional broken roof blasting pressure relief effect acceptance depends on experience judgment, lacks a unified flow and is difficult to obtain direct comparison evidence of positions before and after blasting, so that the quick, visual, repeatable and trace-remaining site acceptance of the broken roof blasting effect is realized. The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for checking and accepting the broken roof blasting pressure relief effect based on peephole imaging contrast comprises the following steps: a. selecting two adjacent broken top blastholes in a broken top blasthole section to be checked as a checking hole group, and arranging at least one peeping hole between the two adjacent broken top blastholes; b. Constructing peeping holes, so that the peeping holes and the broken top blasting holes meet the geometric consistency of the same hole direction, wherein the geometric consistency of the same hole direction at least comprises that the inclination angles and the hole depths of the peeping holes are respectively consistent with the inclination angles and the hole depths of the broken top blasting holes; c. Determining target depth sections [ X, Y ] corresponding to the broken top action range by taking the orifice of the peeping hole as a depth zero point, wherein X < Y, the target depth sections [ X, Y ] are determined according to the position of the charging section or the designed broken top height range, at least cover the charging section and extend for 0.5-2 m respectively up and down, and the orifice datum is used as the zero point for alignment; d. Before the implementation of the broken roof blasting, adopting a drilling peeping imaging device to carry out in-hole imaging on the peeping hole, obtaining pre-blasting image data covering the target depth sections [ X, Y ] and establishing a base line; e. implementing broken roof blasting pressure relief on broken roof blastholes in the acceptance hole group; f. D, after the broken roof blasting is implemented, the same drilling peeping imaging equipment is adopted, and the same peeping hole is subjected to repeated measurement imaging under the condition of the same imaging parameters, so that post-blasting image data covering the target depth sections [ X, Y ] are obtained; g. Performing depth registration and alignment contrast on the pre-blasting image data and the post-blasting image data in a target depth section [ X