CN-121976876-A - Composite air intake and exhaust system of internal combustion engine and fuel cell and control method

CN121976876ACN 121976876 ACN121976876 ACN 121976876ACN-121976876-A

Abstract

The invention provides a composite air inlet and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell and a control method thereof, relating to the technical field of energy multistage utilization and high-efficiency power system integration, comprising three passages, wherein an exhaust port of the fuel cell is connected with an air inlet passage of a turbocharging mechanism, and a fifth regulating valve is arranged between the exhaust port of the fuel cell and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of gas entering the turbocharging mechanism from the exhaust of the fuel cell; the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, a sixth regulating valve is arranged between the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the compressed air entering the turbocharging mechanism, and an exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine body is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and a thirteenth regulating valve is arranged between the outlet of the internal combustion engine body and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the exhaust gas entering the turbocharging mechanism. The invention realizes the high-efficiency coupling utilization of the air intake and exhaust energy of the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system and improves the transient response characteristics of the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell.

Inventors

ZHU SIPENG
SHU CHEN
BAI SHUZHAN
WANG GUIHUA

Assignees

山东大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. An internal combustion engine and fuel cell composite intake and exhaust system, comprising an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbo-charging mechanism and a fuel cell equipped with a fuel cell air compressor, characterized in that three passages are provided: the first passage, the exhaust port of the fuel cell is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, a fifth regulating valve is arranged between the exhaust port of the fuel cell and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and the fifth regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure and the flow of the air entering the turbocharging mechanism from the exhaust of the fuel cell; the second passage is that the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and a sixth regulating valve is arranged between the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the compressed air entering the turbocharging mechanism; And the third passage is formed by connecting an exhaust port of the internal combustion engine body with an air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and a thirteenth regulating valve is arranged between the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine body and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine body entering the turbocharging mechanism.
2. The composite intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the turbocharger comprises a compressor and a turbine, the compressor being connected to the turbine, a bypass valve being provided in front of the turbine for regulating the turbine output and the exhaust back pressure of the internal combustion engine.
3. The air intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell air compressor is driven by a motor, the output power of the motor is adjustable, the inlet of the fuel cell air compressor is used for sucking ambient air, and the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor is respectively connected with the air intake passage of the fuel cell and the air intake passage of the turbocharger mechanism.
4. The composite intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein the exhaust port of the compressor is connected to the intake port of the fuel cell, and a fourteenth regulating valve is provided therebetween for controlling the pressure and flow rate of the compressed air of the compressor into the fuel cell.
5. The composite intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell as set forth in claim 2, wherein the air intake of the fuel cell, the air intake of the engine block and the air exhaust of the compressor are provided with intercoolers.
6. A method for controlling the air intake and exhaust of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell is characterized in that, a combined intake and exhaust system for controlling an internal combustion engine and fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: when the fifth regulating valve is opened and the sixth regulating valve, the bypass valve, the thirteenth regulating valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are closed, compressed air enters the fuel cell through the fuel cell air compressor and then enters an air inlet passage of the air compressor, and the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell work in a compound operation mode; When the internal combustion engine is in the working condition of insufficient supercharging, the fifth regulating valve and the sixth regulating valve are opened, the bypass valve, the thirteenth regulating valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are closed, and more air is supplied to the internal combustion engine body by means of electric auxiliary supercharging of the fuel cell air compressor; when the internal combustion engine is in the working condition of excessive pressure boost, the fifth regulating valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are opened, and the sixth regulating valve, the bypass valve and the thirteenth regulating valve provide more air quantity for the fuel cell by virtue of the turbocharging mechanism of the internal combustion engine.
7. The method for combining intake and exhaust of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein when the internal combustion engine is in a condition of insufficient supercharging, the fifth regulating valve is fully or semi-opened, the thirteenth regulating valve is opened, the sixth regulating valve, the bypass valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are closed, and the engine body is supplied with air by means of the exhaust energy of the fuel cell and the exhaust gas before the turbine of the internal combustion engine by the back flow of the compressor, thereby improving the intake air quantity and the transient response of the internal combustion engine.
8. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of combined intake and exhaust of an internal combustion engine and fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 7.
9. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement a method of combined intake and exhaust of an internal combustion engine and fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program, wherein the processor is connected to the memory, the computer program is stored in the memory, and when the electronic device is operated, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes a method for implementing the combined intake and exhaust method of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell according to any one of claims 6 to 7.

Description

Composite air intake and exhaust system of internal combustion engine and fuel cell and control method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy multistage utilization and high-efficiency power system integration, in particular to a composite air inlet and outlet system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell and a control method. Background The internal combustion engine and the fuel cell are used as important power devices, the energy utilization efficiency and the emission characteristic of the internal combustion engine have important energy-saving, environment-friendly and economic significance, in the working process of the internal combustion engine, except that part of energy released by fuel is output into effective work through a crankshaft, the rest of the energy is dissipated into the environment in the form of exhaust and the like and cannot be effectively recycled, meanwhile, the fuel cell needs to consume certain compression work in the running process to meet the air inlet requirement, and the transient response capability and the energy utilization efficiency of the system still need to be improved. In order to solve the above problems, the air intake and exhaust systems of the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell generally introduce a turbo-charging or electric auxiliary boosting technology to improve the dynamic performance and efficiency, but the two systems are often operated in independent systems, and lack of effective coordination between the air intake and exhaust energy, the stack-out pressure of the fuel cell and the exhaust energy of the internal combustion engine are difficult to comprehensively utilize, and the high-efficiency utilization of the air intake and exhaust energy cannot be realized. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a composite air intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell and a control method thereof, which realize the efficient coupling utilization of air intake and exhaust energy of the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell by the cooperative control of an air compressor of the fuel cell, a turbocharging mechanism and a multi-valve passage, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system and improve the transient response characteristics of the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell. According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions: an internal combustion engine and fuel cell composite intake and exhaust system, comprising an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbo-charging mechanism and a fuel cell equipped with a fuel cell air compressor, characterized in that it comprises three passages: the first passage, the exhaust port of the fuel cell is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, a fifth regulating valve is arranged between the exhaust port of the fuel cell and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and the fifth regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure and the flow of the air entering the turbocharging mechanism from the exhaust of the fuel cell; the second passage is that the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor is connected with the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and a sixth regulating valve is arranged between the outlet of the fuel cell air compressor and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the compressed air entering the turbocharging mechanism; And the third passage is formed by connecting an exhaust port of the internal combustion engine body with an air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism, and a thirteenth regulating valve is arranged between the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine body and the air inlet passage of the turbocharging mechanism and is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine body entering the turbocharging mechanism. According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions: an internal combustion engine and fuel cell combined intake and exhaust control method includes: when the fifth regulating valve is opened and the sixth regulating valve, the bypass valve, the thirteenth regulating valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are closed, compressed air enters the fuel cell through the fuel cell air compressor and then enters an air inlet passage of the air compressor, and the internal combustion engine and the fuel cell work in a compound operation mode; When the internal combustion engine is in the working condition of insufficient supercharging, the fifth regulating valve and the sixth regulating valve are opened, the bypass valve, the thirteenth regulating valve and the fourteenth regulating valve are closed, and more air is supplied to the internal combustion engine body by mean