CN-121976883-A - Co-program oil supply adjusting structure and method for small gas turbine engine

CN121976883ACN 121976883 ACN121976883 ACN 121976883ACN-121976883-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a same-stroke oil supply adjusting structure and method for a small gas turbine engine, and belongs to the field of gas turbine engine component design. The same-stroke oil supply adjusting structure comprises an oil spraying ring, an oil return adjusting valve, a plurality of backflow centrifugal nozzles and a nozzle baffle ring. The fuel enters an oil supply loop in the oil injection ring from an oil inlet of the oil return regulating valve, the fuel is supplied to each backflow centrifugal nozzle through the oil supply loop, the backflow centrifugal nozzles spray the fuel into the combustion chamber through spray holes, and the special design of the backflow centrifugal nozzles enables part of the fuel to return to a piston front cavity of the backflow centrifugal nozzles through the oil return loop, the same-way loop and the holes, and the oil return cavity is opened according to the pressure of the piston front cavity to return oil. According to the invention, different working modes can be performed according to different working states of the engine, and the requirements of oil supply adjustment under all working conditions such as engine starting, transitional acceleration and deceleration, steady-state closed loop and the like are met, so that the response speed of control is improved.

Inventors

JIN CHEN
ZHOU GUOHONG
HUANG KAI

Assignees

杭州青云飞度智能科技有限公司
新昌天姥山航空研究院
建德市低空产业发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260407

Claims (10)

1. The co-stroke type oil supply adjusting structure for the small gas turbine engine is characterized by comprising an oil injection ring, an oil return adjusting valve, a plurality of backflow centrifugal nozzles uniformly circumferentially arranged in the oil injection ring, and a nozzle baffle ring for axially fixing the backflow centrifugal nozzles; The oil return regulating valve is arranged on the oil injection ring, the interior of the oil return regulating valve is divided into a piston front cavity and a piston rear cavity by a piston rod, the piston front cavity is connected with a shaped hole, a wedge-shaped needle matched with the shaped hole is arranged on the piston rod, the position of the needle in the shaped hole can be changed by adjusting the position of the piston so as to change the opening degree of the shaped hole; The oil injection ring is internally provided with an oil supply loop, an oil return loop and a common Cheng Huanlu, wherein the oil supply loop is communicated with an oil way in each backflow centrifugal nozzle; the oil return loop is communicated with the same-path loop at a pipeline position farthest from an oil inlet of the oil return regulating valve, and is communicated with a Cheng Huanlu hole of the oil return regulating valve.
2. The in-process oil supply adjustment structure for a small gas turbine engine of claim 1, wherein the oil supply loop, the oil return loop and the in-process Cheng Huanlu are all annular oil passages formed in the oil injection loop around the circumference of the oil injection loop, the oil supply loop is communicated with the oil inlet at an oil return adjustment valve installation position, and the in-process Cheng Huanlu is communicated with the hole at the oil return adjustment valve installation position.
3. The in-process oil supply adjusting structure for a small gas turbine engine according to claim 1, wherein a spring is arranged in the front cavity of the piston and is connected with the piston rod, the piston rod moves under the pressure difference between the front cavity of the piston and the rear cavity of the piston, and the piston rod moves until the spring force balances the pressure difference.
4. The same-stroke oil supply adjusting structure for small gas turbine engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein said shaped hole is opened in the same direction as the moving direction of the piston rod, said shaped hole is opened opposite to the position of the shaped needle on the piston rod, said shaped needle increases gradually from the tip to the tail, and the size of the tail fixed to the piston rod is the same as the size of the shaped hole.
5. The in-process oil supply adjusting structure for a small gas turbine engine according to claim 1, wherein the negative feedback spring is arranged in the oil return cavity and drives the sealing steel ball to block a connecting port between the oil return cavity and the piston front cavity, and when the pressure difference between the oil return cavity and the piston front cavity is larger than the elastic force of the negative feedback spring, the negative feedback spring is compressed, and the oil return cavity is communicated with the piston front cavity.
6. The in-process oil supply adjustment structure for a small gas turbine engine of claim 1, wherein the capillary damping tube has an inner diameter of between 0.4 and 1.5 mm.
7. The in-process oil supply adjustment structure for a small gas turbine engine of claim 1, wherein the backflow centrifugal nozzle is mounted in the oil injection ring through a nozzle mounting hole, the backflow centrifugal nozzle is fixed by a nozzle retainer, and the nozzle retainer has a central opening with a larger opening size than the nozzle hole of the backflow centrifugal nozzle.
8. The co-program oil supply adjusting structure for a small gas turbine engine according to claim 1, wherein the backflow centrifugal nozzle comprises a nozzle shell, a nozzle seat, a swirl seat and a seal adjusting block which are sequentially arranged in the nozzle shell, the nozzle shell and the swirl seat are coaxially arranged, a fuel channel is formed between the nozzle shell and the swirl seat, fuel enters the fuel channel from a through hole arranged on the nozzle shell, a swirl groove and a central oil return hole are arranged on the end face, which is contacted with the nozzle seat, of the swirl seat, the swirl groove is communicated with the fuel channel and the inside of the nozzle seat and is used for introducing fuel from the fuel channel into the nozzle seat, the central oil return hole is used for enabling excessive fuel to flow from the nozzle seat to the oil return channel inside the swirl seat, the nozzle seat is provided with spray holes for spraying fuel to a combustion chamber, and the seal adjusting block is used for installing the nozzle seat and the swirl seat into the nozzle shell.
9. A method for adjusting the same-stroke oil supply of a gas turbine engine based on the same-stroke oil supply adjusting structure as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that fuel enters an oil supply loop from an oil inlet, the fuel is supplied to each backflow centrifugal nozzle through the oil supply loop, the backflow centrifugal nozzles spray the fuel into a combustion chamber through spray holes, part of the fuel enters an oil return loop, and the fuel enters a front piston cavity through the oil return loop, the same-stroke loop and holes; according to different engine working states, the method comprises a steady-state working mode, an engine acceleration mode and an engine deceleration mode; And when the fuel flow is large, oil return exists when the sealing steel ball can be pushed, the fuel oil enters the oil return cavity through the front cavity of the piston, when pressure fluctuation exists, the front cavity of the piston keeps an open state, and the oil return cavity automatically adjusts the oil return quantity through a negative feedback spring according to the oil return quantity to finish negative feedback adjustment.
10. The method for adjusting the same-stroke oil supply of the gas turbine engine according to claim 9, wherein when the engine accelerates, the engine acceleration mode is entered, the pressure of the oil inlet continuously rises, the pressure of the oil inlet is increased due to the fact that the oil inlet is communicated with the rear cavity of the piston through the capillary damping tube, the piston rear cavity is pushed to move forwards, the piston rod is pushed to move forwards, the mold needle fills the hole, the front cavity of the piston is closed, fuel cannot enter the front cavity of the piston, and therefore the fuel cannot enter the combustion chamber to burn and lift the engine rapidly; When the engine is decelerated, the engine enters a deceleration mode, the pressure of an oil inlet is continuously reduced, the pressure of a rear cavity of a piston is reduced, a piston rod moves backwards, a needle leaves a hole, the opening of a front cavity of the piston is increased, fuel is more shunted into the front cavity of the piston, the pressure of the front cavity of the piston is increased, when the pressure reaches a set value, a negative feedback spring starts to be compressed, an oil return cavity is communicated with the front cavity of the piston, and the fuel returns through the oil return cavity, so that the fuel quantity entering a combustion chamber is reduced.

Description

Co-program oil supply adjusting structure and method for small gas turbine engine Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of gas turbine engine component design, and in particular relates to an in-process oil supply adjusting structure and method for a small gas turbine engine. Background The fuel oil regulation of the gas turbine engine mainly realizes the on-demand fuel supply of the engine before the excessive fuel oil is led back to the fuel pump through the regulating mechanism at the outlet of the fuel pump. The main oil supply structure behind the fuel pump mainly comprises an oil way nozzle and an adjusting mechanism, the structural function of the main oil supply structure should ensure that the engine has wider fuel flow variation range, the requirements of combustion efficiency and combustion stability under high and low power states can be considered, and the requirements of response time of transition state acceleration and deceleration states can be met. In the oil supply structure behind the oil pump, adjustment mechanism is comparatively independent setting in the flow path generally, and multi-application electric adjustment mechanism, because small-size gas turbine engine compact structure and oil supply nozzle form are diversified, lead to the diversification of its oil circuit nozzle structure overall arrangement form, under the prerequisite that needs guaranteeing higher control accuracy, the oil circuit nozzle structure overall arrangement of present small-size gas turbine engine mainstream mainly has two kinds of forms of ignition oil circuit + centrifugal atomizing nozzle and main oil circuit + centrifugal atomizing nozzle (or evaporating pipe or oil slinger), and the cooperation of single-way house steward centrifugal atomizing nozzle. The small gas turbine engine is compact in space structure, the two-oil-way type is adopted, more size space and weight are needed, meanwhile, the complexity and design difficulty of the system are increased, the maintainability and reliability of the system are reduced, the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle has the defects that atomization quality is poor due to low oil supply pressure in a small state, the pressure of the system is overlarge due to overlarge oil flow in a large state, therefore, the fuel flow of the whole system can be adjusted to be smaller due to the arrangement of a single-way main pipe and the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, the problem that resistance of each nozzle is matched is rarely considered in the existing oil supply structure due to the arrangement of a plurality of nozzles (an assembling method is generally used simply, time and labor are consumed, matching is difficult to be specially designed according to the matching condition), the combustion is uneven, the combustion is damaged at a local high temperature, and the structure of a combustion chamber is damaged due to the fact that an electric adjusting mechanism is independently arranged, and the whole space structure is not compact enough, and meanwhile manufacturing cost is greatly increased. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a common-mode oil supply adjusting structure and method for a small-sized gas turbine engine. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a same-stroke oil supply adjusting structure for a small gas turbine engine, which comprises an oil injection ring, an oil return adjusting valve, a plurality of backflow centrifugal nozzles uniformly circumferentially arranged in the oil injection ring, and a nozzle baffle ring for axially fixing the backflow centrifugal nozzles; The oil return regulating valve is arranged on the oil injection ring, the interior of the oil return regulating valve is divided into a piston front cavity and a piston rear cavity by a piston rod, the piston front cavity is connected with a shaped hole, a wedge-shaped needle matched with the shaped hole is arranged on the piston rod, the position of the piston rod can be adjusted to change the position of the needle in the shaped hole so as to change the opening degree of the shaped hole; The oil injection device comprises an oil injection ring, an oil return ring and a common Cheng Huanlu, wherein the oil supply ring is communicated with each backflow centrifugal nozzle; the oil return loop is communicated with the same-path loop at a pipeline position farthest from an oil inlet of the oil return regulating valve, and is communicated with a Cheng Huanlu hole of the oil return regulating valve. According to the preferred scheme of the invention, the backflow centrifugal nozzle comprises a nozzle shell, a nozzle seat, a swirl seat and a sealing adjusting block, wherein the nozzle seat, the swirl seat and the sealing adjusting block are sequentially arranged in the nozzle shell, the nozzle shell and the swirl seat are coaxially arranged, a gap is formed between the nozzle shel