CN-121976998-A - Drilling hydraulic system of rock drilling machine

CN121976998ACN 121976998 ACN121976998 ACN 121976998ACN-121976998-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill, which relates to the technical field of hydraulic systems of rock drills and comprises a hydraulic power unit, an impact execution unit, a propulsion execution unit, a geological perception unit, an intelligent control unit and an oil temperature adjustment unit. The variable plunger pump of the hydraulic power unit supplies energy to the system, the geological sensing unit acquires geological parameters through the drill rod torque sensor and the vibration sensor, the intelligent control unit calls a pre-stored mapping relation table to match target impact pressure, the impact valve group is regulated through the PID to realize accurate pressure control and synchronously regulate the displacement of the variable pump, and the oil temperature regulating unit is linked with the plate heat exchanger through the temperature sensor to cool the oil temperature. The system realizes the self-adaptive adjustment of impact pressure of different geological layers, avoids throttling loss, relieves the rise of oil temperature, cooperatively improves the drilling efficiency by 15% -20%, controls the oil temperature of continuous operation below 60 ℃, prolongs the service life of equipment and reduces the maintenance cost.

Inventors

GAO LIJIANG
ZHAO GUANGHONG
Zhu Meiming
ZHANG MING

Assignees

大中矿业股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251216

Claims (5)

1. The drilling hydraulic system of the rock drilling machine is characterized by comprising a hydraulic power unit, an impact execution unit, a propulsion execution unit, a geological perception unit, an intelligent control unit and an oil temperature adjusting unit; The hydraulic power unit comprises a variable plunger pump, an oil tank and an oil absorption filter, wherein the input end of the variable plunger pump is connected with the oil tank through the oil absorption filter, the output end of the variable plunger pump is respectively connected with the impact execution unit and the propulsion execution unit, and the variable plunger pump is provided with a displacement adjusting mechanism; the impact execution unit comprises an impact valve group, an impact oil cylinder and a pressure sensor, wherein the impact valve group is respectively connected with the output end of the variable plunger pump and the impact oil cylinder, and the pressure sensor is arranged on an oil inlet path of the impact oil cylinder; The propulsion execution unit comprises a propulsion valve group, a propulsion oil cylinder and a displacement sensor, wherein the propulsion valve group is respectively connected with the output end of the variable plunger pump and the propulsion oil cylinder, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the propulsion oil cylinder; The geological sensing unit comprises a drill rod torque sensor and a vibration sensor, wherein the drill rod torque sensor is arranged at the joint of a drill rod of the rock drill and the power head, and the vibration sensor is arranged on the impact oil cylinder; The intelligent control unit comprises a controller and a storage module, wherein 'torque-vibration frequency-impact pressure' mapping relation tables corresponding to different geological layers are prestored in the storage module, and the controller is respectively connected with a displacement adjusting mechanism, an impact valve group, a propulsion valve group, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a drill rod torque sensor, a vibration sensor and an oil temperature adjusting unit; the oil temperature adjusting unit comprises a plate heat exchanger, a temperature sensor and an electromagnetic reversing valve, the temperature sensor is arranged in the oil tank, an oil inlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected with an oil path beside the output end of the variable plunger pump through the electromagnetic reversing valve, and an oil outlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the oil tank.
2. The drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill according to claim 1, wherein the control logic of the intelligent control unit comprises the steps of: s1, after drilling operation is started, a drill rod torque sensor and a vibration sensor acquire a drill rod torque value T and an impact vibration frequency f in real time and transmit the drill rod torque value T and the impact vibration frequency f to a controller; S2, the controller calls a mapping relation table in the storage module, and matches the target impact pressure P0 corresponding to the current geological layer according to T and f; S3, the controller compares P0 with the actual impact pressure P detected by the pressure sensor, and controls the opening of the impact valve group through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation algorithm to ensure that P is stabilized within the range of P0+/-0.5 MPa; S4, the controller adjusts the displacement adjusting mechanism according to P0 to realize the output of the displacement of the variable plunger pump according to the requirement; S5, detecting the oil temperature t in real time by a temperature sensor, controlling the electromagnetic directional valve to be conducted by a controller when t is more than or equal to 55 ℃, enabling hydraulic oil to enter the plate heat exchanger for cooling, and closing the electromagnetic directional valve when t is less than 45 ℃.
3. The drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill according to claim 1, wherein the displacement adjustment rule of the variable displacement pump in the step S4 is that when P0 is less than or equal to 15MPa, a large flow rate Q1=80-100L/min is output, when 15MPa < P0 is less than or equal to 25MPa, a medium flow rate Q2=50-80L/min is output, and when P0 is more than 25MPa, a small flow rate Q3=30-50L/min is output.
4. A drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rated pressure of the variable displacement pump is not lower than 31.5MPa.
5. The drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill according to claim 1, wherein the controller is a PLC controller, and the model is S7-1200.

Description

Drilling hydraulic system of rock drilling machine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic systems of rock drills, in particular to a drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill. Background In mine construction work, rock drills are the core equipment for effecting rock drilling, the drilling performance of which is directly dependent on the operating state of the hydraulic system. The drilling hydraulic system of the existing rock drill has two key problems in practical application, namely, the drilling hydraulic system is difficult to adapt to the changing requirements of different geological layers, and the hydraulic oil temperature rises too fast to cause the system performance to decay. On one hand, the different geological layers (such as soft rock, medium hard rock and hard rock) have obvious difference on the impact pressure of the rock drill, if the impact pressure is too high during the drilling of the soft rock, the hole wall is easy to collapse and the drill bit is easy to excessively wear, and if the impact pressure is insufficient during the drilling of the hard rock, the drilling efficiency is greatly reduced, and even the phenomenon of 'stuffy drilling' occurs. The existing hydraulic system mostly adopts a fixed pressure output or manual regulation mode, lacks the capability of real-time sensing and self-adaptive regulation of the characteristics of geological layers, cannot dynamically match the impact pressure requirements under different working conditions, not only affects the drilling quality and efficiency, but also increases the equipment loss. On the other hand, in the drilling process of the rock drill, the hydraulic system is required to continuously provide power for the impact mechanism and the propulsion mechanism, the existing system mostly adopts a control mode of a constant power pump and a throttle valve, and the throttle valve is used for adjusting the flow to adapt to the change of working conditions, so that a large amount of energy is lost in a heat energy form, and the hydraulic oil temperature is quickly increased. When the oil temperature exceeds 65 ℃, the viscosity of hydraulic oil is reduced, the lubricating performance is weakened, faults such as ageing of sealing elements and clamping stagnation of valve cores are accelerated, meanwhile, the working efficiency of a system is further reduced due to the fact that the oil temperature is increased, vicious circle of 'energy consumption increase-oil temperature increase-performance attenuation' is formed, and the continuous operation capability and the service life of equipment are seriously affected. In addition, the two problems are mutually overlapped, namely, in order to adapt to complex geological layers such as hard rock and the like, the system often needs to increase the output pressure, so that the energy loss and the oil temperature rise are further aggravated, and the response sensitivity of a hydraulic element is reduced due to the fact that the oil temperature is too high, and the accuracy and timeliness of impact pressure adjustment are affected. Therefore, there is a need to design a drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill, which can cooperatively solve the problems of adaptive adjustment of geological formations and oil temperature control. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a drilling hydraulic system of a rock drill, which can adaptively adjust the impact pressure of the rock drill according to the characteristics of different geological layers, can effectively relieve the rise of the hydraulic oil temperature, and can realize the cooperative promotion of drilling efficiency, equipment reliability and energy consumption economy by supplementing two targets. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the drilling hydraulic system of the rock drill is characterized by comprising a hydraulic power unit, an impact execution unit, a propulsion execution unit, a geological perception unit, an intelligent control unit and an oil temperature adjusting unit; The hydraulic power unit comprises a variable plunger pump, an oil tank and an oil absorption filter, wherein the input end of the variable plunger pump is connected with the oil tank through the oil absorption filter, the output end of the variable plunger pump is respectively connected with the impact execution unit and the propulsion execution unit, and the variable plunger pump is provided with a displacement adjusting mechanism; the impact execution unit comprises an impact valve group, an impact oil cylinder and a pressure sensor, wherein the impact valve group is respectively connected with the output end of the variable plunger pump and the impact oil cylinder, and the pressure sensor is arranged on an oil inlet path of the impact oil cylinder; The propulsion execution unit comprises a propulsion valve group, a propulsion oil cyl