CN-121977003-A - Pneumatic locking device

CN121977003ACN 121977003 ACN121977003 ACN 121977003ACN-121977003-A

Abstract

The application provides a pneumatic locker which comprises a shell component, a fixed shaft, an inner sliding sleeve, a piston component and a plurality of balls, wherein the fixed shaft is arranged in a containing cavity of the shell component and extends along the extending direction of the containing cavity, the inner sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft, the outer peripheral surface of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an outer conical surface with gradually increased diameter along the extending direction of the fixed shaft, the piston component is movably sleeved on the inner sliding sleeve, the containing cavity is divided into a boosting space and a compression space which are not communicated with each other by the piston component, the inner side surface of the piston component is provided with an inner conical surface matched with the outer conical surface, the balls are arranged between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface, and when gas is input into the boosting space, the gas in the boosting space pushes the piston component to move towards the compression space so that the balls move towards the compression space, and meanwhile, the distance between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface is reduced, so that locking fit is formed between the piston component and the fixed shaft. The technical scheme can greatly improve the consistency of each locking state.

Inventors

ZHU BO
LIAO LEI
JI YUNLONG
DENG JIANYONG
LI JIAQI

Assignees

深圳市希立仪器设备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (10)

1. A pneumatic locking device, which comprises a locking device, characterized by comprising the following steps: A housing assembly having a receiving cavity therein; the fixed shaft is arranged in the accommodating cavity and extends along the extending direction of the accommodating cavity; The inner sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an outer conical surface with gradually increased diameter along the extending direction of the fixed shaft; the piston assembly is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity and sleeved outside the inner sliding sleeve, the accommodating cavity is divided into a boosting space and a compression space which are not communicated with each other by the piston assembly, and an inner conical surface matched with the outer conical surface is arranged on the inner side surface of the piston assembly; the piston assembly moves along the extending direction of the fixed shaft relative to the inner sliding sleeve through the balls; the resetting piece is arranged in the pressure space and is in butt joint with the piston assembly; When the pressure boosting space is used for inputting gas, the gas in the pressure boosting space pushes the piston assembly to move towards the direction of the pressure receiving space, so that the ball moves towards the pressure receiving space, and meanwhile, the distance between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface is reduced, and therefore locking fit is formed between the piston assembly and the fixed shaft; when the pressure boosting space is deflated, the reset piece pushes the piston assembly to reset so as to release the locking fit between the ball and the fixed shaft.
2. The pneumatic locker of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the balls are arranged in layers along an axial direction of the outer cone, the balls of each layer are arranged along a circumferential direction of the outer cone, gaps are arranged between the balls adjacent to the same layer, and the balls of adjacent layers are in contact or adjacent arrangement.
3. A pneumatic locker according to claim 2, wherein the number of balls arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer tapered surface is the same for each layer.
4. A pneumatic lock according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the outer conical surface is provided with a plurality of limit grooves extending in the extending direction of the inner sleeve, the width of each limit groove is smaller than the diameter of the ball, and each ball is at least partially disposed in the corresponding limit groove.
5. The pneumatic locker of claim 4, wherein the limit groove is a straight groove shape extending along the axial direction of the outer conical surface, and a groove opening edge of the limit groove is provided with a rounding to reduce the jamming risk when the ball moves along the limit groove; The diameter of each layer of balls is defined as d, and the groove width of the limit groove correspondingly arranged on each layer of balls is defined as w, wherein w is more than or equal to 0.55d and less than or equal to 0.75d.
6. The pneumatic locker of claim 1, wherein the piston assembly comprises: the inner side surface of the outer sliding sleeve is the inner conical surface; the retainer ring is arranged at one end of the outer sliding sleeve facing the compression space so as to limit the balls to deviate from the space between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface facing the compression space; the piston piece is sleeved outside the outer sliding sleeve, a first annular clamping part is arranged at one end of the piston piece, which faces the boosting space, and the first annular clamping part is abutted to one end of the outer sliding sleeve, which faces the boosting space, so as to limit the piston piece to move relative to the outer sliding sleeve, which faces the boosting space.
7. A pneumatic latch according to claim 6, wherein said housing assembly includes: The fixed shell is sleeved on the fixed shaft and provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole, the first vent hole is communicated with the pressure boosting space, and the second vent hole is communicated with the pressure receiving space; The first cover body is arranged at one end of the fixed shell, the boosting space is formed among the first cover body, the fixed shell and the piston assembly, and an annular positioning part is arranged at one end of the first cover body facing the boosting space; the end part of the inner sliding sleeve, which faces the boosting space, is abutted with the end part of the annular positioning part; the piston assembly comprises an inner ring sealing ring, an inner ring accommodating groove is formed in the inner side face, facing the fixed shaft, of the first annular clamping part, the inner ring sealing ring is partially arranged in the inner ring accommodating groove, the first cover body is in contact with the outer peripheral face of the annular positioning part, and the inner ring sealing ring is abutted against the outer peripheral face of the annular positioning part; When gas is input into the pressure boosting space through the first vent hole, the air pressure in the pressure boosting space is increased to push the piston assembly to move towards the direction of the pressure boosting space; When the gas leaks out of the boosting space through the second ventilation hole, the reset piece pushes the piston assembly to reset.
8. The pneumatic locker of claim 7, wherein the housing assembly further comprises a second cover disposed at one end of the fixed housing, the second cover, the fixed housing and the piston assembly forming the pressurized space therebetween; the inner sliding sleeve is abutted with the second cover body, the resetting piece penetrates through the inner sliding sleeve, one end of the resetting piece is abutted with the check ring, and the other end of the resetting piece is abutted with the second cover body; when gas is input into the boosting space through the first vent hole, the air pressure in the boosting space is increased to push the piston assembly to move towards the direction of the pressurized space, and the reset piece moves from a free state to a compressed state; When the gas leaks out of the pressure boosting space through the second vent hole, the reset piece moves from a compression state to a free state, and simultaneously pushes the piston assembly to reset.
9. The pneumatic locker of claim 7, wherein the piston member has an annular support groove and an annular seal groove formed in a circumferential outer side thereof, the annular seal groove having a depth greater than the annular support groove, the piston assembly further comprising: The piston support ring is partially arranged in the annular support groove and is abutted with the inner side surface of the fixed shell; and the piston sealing ring is partially arranged in the annular sealing groove and is abutted with the inner side surface of the fixed shell.
10. The pneumatic locker of claim 8, wherein an annular fixing groove is formed in one end of the second cover body, which faces the pressurized space, the housing assembly further comprises an annular fixing ring and an annular gasket, the annular fixing ring is sleeved on the inner sliding sleeve and is adjacent to the second cover body, the annular gasket is clamped in the annular fixing groove, one end of the reset piece is abutted against the check ring, and the other end of the reset piece is abutted against the annular gasket.

Description

Pneumatic locking device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of industrial equipment detection, in particular to a pneumatic locker. Background The pneumatic locker is an actuating device which drives a locking member to act by utilizing gas pressure so as to lock, hold or release shaft parts, guide parts or other movable parts, and is widely applied to the fields of automatic equipment, tool fixtures, detection devices, transmission mechanisms and the like. The pneumatic locker is particularly suitable for the airtight detection scene of large-tonnage parts such as large diesel engines and the like. In the detection process, the detection cavity is generally required to simulate the actual working condition under the long-term pressure maintaining condition, and the detected piece generally has the characteristics of large mass, large contact area and high locking load, so that higher requirements on the action stability, the limiting reliability and the repeated use performance of the locking structure are provided. However, the existing pneumatic locking device still has certain defects in practical application. On the one hand, after partial existing structure inputs gas in the space of stepping up, the piston moves towards the pressurized space, and the continued motion of piston mainly relies on the spring to compress and stops after the limit, leads to the stop position of piston to receive the spring compression state influence great, has the problem that the motion termination position is unstable inadequately, locking state uniformity is relatively poor, and then influences the reliability of locking action. On the other hand, in the existing part of structure, the piston is in direct contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft through the balls so as to realize the movement of the piston assembly relative to the fixed shaft, and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft is generally smooth, in this case, the piston can also rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed shaft in the axial movement process, the abrasion of the balls and related matching parts is increased, the dislocation of individual balls can be caused, and even the abnormal action of the whole mechanism can be caused in serious cases. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pneumatic locking device, so as to solve the problems that in the prior art, after the piston moves towards the compression space, the stability of the stop position is insufficient, the consistency of the locking state is poor, and the piston is easy to generate circumferential rotation, the ball is easy to misplace, the processing and the assembly of a related limiting structure are inconvenient, and the rolling resistance is easy to increase in the moving process of the piston relative to the fixed shaft. Disclosure of Invention Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pneumatic locker to solve the above problems. A pneumatic locking device, which comprises a locking device, characterized by comprising the following steps: A housing assembly having a receiving cavity therein; the fixed shaft is arranged in the accommodating cavity and extends along the extending direction of the accommodating cavity; The inner sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with an outer conical surface with gradually increased diameter along the extending direction of the fixed shaft; the piston assembly is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity and sleeved outside the inner sliding sleeve, the accommodating cavity is divided into a boosting space and a compression space which are not communicated with each other by the piston assembly, and an inner conical surface matched with the outer conical surface is arranged on the inner side surface of the piston assembly; the piston assembly moves along the extending direction of the fixed shaft relative to the inner sliding sleeve through the balls; the resetting piece is arranged in the pressure space and is in butt joint with the piston assembly; When the pressure boosting space is used for inputting gas, the gas in the pressure boosting space pushes the piston assembly to move towards the pressure boosting space so as to enable the balls to move towards the pressure boosting space, and meanwhile, the distance between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface is reduced, so that locking fit is formed between the piston assembly and the fixed shaft; when the pressure boosting space is deflated, the reset piece pushes the piston assembly to reset so as to release the locking fit between the ball and the fixed shaft. In at least one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of the balls are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the outer conical surface, a plurality of the balls of each layer are arranged along the circumferential direc