CN-121977044-A - Gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad and shock absorbing method

CN121977044ACN 121977044 ACN121977044 ACN 121977044ACN-121977044-A

Abstract

The invention provides a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad and a shock absorbing method thereof, which comprises an integrally vulcanized chloroprene rubber main body, the composite material comprises an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer and a lower support layer in sequence along the thickness direction, wherein each layer is formed by compounding multiple functional layers. The inside of the neoprene main body is provided with a cylindrical damping chamber extending axially, the inner wall of the rubber has anti-slip texture and is filled with low-viscosity silicone oil. The damping chamber is internally provided with a damping adjusting core, the adjusting core comprises a pressure-bearing tray, an elastic rod and a damping sliding block positioned in silicone oil, and the periphery of the sliding block is provided with a spiral diversion trench. When bearing pressure, the damping adjusting core axially displaces, the sliding block extrudes silicone oil and generates diversion and throttling effects through the diversion groove, and damping resistance which increases along with the increase of the downward displacement depth is formed. The damping characteristic can be preset and adjusted by selecting the viscosity of the silicone oil, the parameters of the diversion trench and the annular gap. The shock pad realizes gradient pressure bearing and damping self-adaptive adjustment, and improves shock absorption effect and bearing stability.

Inventors

XIANG QIONG
HUANG HAILING
SONG JIQING

Assignees

江苏源一工程科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260302

Claims (10)

1. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock-absorbing cushion is characterized by comprising a chloroprene rubber main body, wherein the chloroprene rubber main body sequentially comprises an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer and a lower support layer along the thickness direction, and the three layers are integrally vulcanized and formed; the damping chamber is formed in the chloroprene rubber main body, is a cylindrical chamber extending along the axial direction, an anti-slip texture structure is arranged on the inner wall of the damping chamber, and low-viscosity silicone oil is filled in the damping chamber; the damping adjusting core is assembled in the damping cavity and comprises a pressure-bearing tray, an elastic rod connected with the pressure-bearing tray and a damping sliding block connected with the elastic rod and positioned in low-viscosity silicone oil; The damping slide block is provided with a spiral diversion trench on the outer peripheral surface, and the damping adjusting core generates displacement along the axial direction of the damping cavity in a pressure-bearing state, so that the damping slide block extrudes low-viscosity silicone oil and forms viscous resistance generated by diversion and throttling action through the spiral diversion trench, thereby generating damping resistance, and increasing the damping resistance along with the increase of the downward movement depth of the damping slide block.
2. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein the upper buffer layer is sequentially laminated with a first wear-resistant protection layer, a first stress dispersion layer, a first functional layer and a first stable support layer along the thickness direction.
3. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein the middle layer transition layer is sequentially laminated with a second wear-resistant protection layer, a second stress dispersion layer, a second functional layer and a second stable support layer along the thickness direction.
4. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein the lower supporting layer is sequentially laminated with a third wear-resistant protection layer, a third stress dispersion layer, a third functional layer and a third stable supporting layer along the thickness direction.
5. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the neoprene main body is 15mm to 60mm, the proportion of the thickness of the upper buffer layer to the total thickness is 20% to 35%, and the proportion of the thickness of the middle transition layer to the total thickness is 20% to 35%.
6. The gradient pressure damping adjustable shock absorbing pad of claim 1, wherein the damping chamber has a diameter of 25mm to 40mm and a depth of one half to three quarters of the neoprene main body thickness.
7. The gradient pressure damping adjustable shock absorbing pad of claim 1, wherein the low viscosity silicone oil is a silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity of 50cSt to 500cSt at 25 degrees celsius.
8. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein the spiral diversion trench has a trench width of 0.5mm to 3.0mm, a trench depth of 0.2mm to 2.0mm, and a pitch of 2mm to 12mm, so as to form a continuous diversion channel and generate throttling resistance during the downward movement of the damping slider.
9. The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad according to claim 1, wherein a sealing plug or a sealing cover is arranged at the opening end of the damping cavity, the sealing plug and the opening form interference fit, and a sealing adhesive layer and/or a sealing ring are arranged at the matching interface, so that the leakage of silicone oil is inhibited and the long-term reliability is improved.
10. A method of damping a shock absorber, for use with the gradient pressure damping adjustable shock absorber mat of any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: Supporting a target device on the shock pad; the damping adjusting core is axially displaced along the damping chamber under the action of load, so that the damping sliding block extrudes silicone oil and forms the flow guiding and throttling action through the spiral flow guiding groove to generate damping resistance; And the damping resistance is increased along with the increase of the downward moving depth of the damping sliding block, so that the damping self-adaptive adjustment along with the change of the load is realized.

Description

Gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad and shock absorbing method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of vibration absorption and isolation, in particular to a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad and a shock absorption method. Background The gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad is widely applied to basic vibration isolation scenes of heating, ventilation and air conditioning units, pump valve equipment, compressor and refrigerating units, pipe gallery supports and various electromechanical equipment, and is used for reducing equipment vibration and impact transmission to a structure. Most of the conventional damping pads in the prior engineering are homogeneous rubber pads or simple composite pads, damping mainly depends on internal consumption of materials, and parameters are usually fixed. In the practical use process, the conventional shock pad has the common problems that firstly, the single stiffness structure has a narrow load adaptation range, the light load vibration isolation is insufficient, the heavy load is easy to excessively compress and permanently deform, secondly, the damping fluctuates obviously along with temperature, frequency and compression amount, the damping is unstable near a resonance point, the problems of amplitude amplification and noise are easy to occur, thirdly, the aging and creep accumulation are easy to occur under the environments of greasy dirt, humidity, chemical media or cold and hot alternation for a long time, and the performance decline and the maintenance frequency are high. Therefore, there is a need for a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad structure capable of realizing wide load range adaptation and providing a settable damping energy consumption path so as to improve broadband shock absorption and resonance suppression capability, and simultaneously improve environmental adaptability and long-term reliability. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock pad and a shock absorbing method, the shock pad comprises an integrally formed chloroprene rubber main body, the inside is equipped with damping cavity and damping adjustment core, and chloroprene rubber main part comprises upper buffer layer, middle level transition layer and lower floor supporting layer along thickness direction and constitutes gradient pressure-bearing structure. The damping chamber is of an axially extending cylindrical structure, and the inner wall is provided with anti-skid textures and filled with low-viscosity silicone oil. The damping adjusting core is assembled in the damping cavity and comprises a pressure-bearing tray, an elastic rod and a damping sliding block positioned in silicone oil, and a spiral diversion trench is formed in the periphery of the sliding block. When loaded, the damping adjusting core axially displaces, the sliding block extrudes silicone oil and forms a diversion and throttling effect by means of the diversion groove, and an adhesive damping force increasing along with the downward displacement depth is generated. Damping characteristics can be preset by adjusting the kinematic viscosity of silicone oil, geometric parameters of a diversion trench and an initial annular gap so as to adapt to different load and vibration working conditions and realize self-adaptive damping adjustment. In a first aspect, a gradient pressure-bearing damping adjustable shock absorbing pad is provided, including: The neoprene main body sequentially comprises an upper buffer layer, a middle transition layer and a lower support layer along the thickness direction, and three layers are integrally vulcanized and formed; the damping chamber is formed in the chloroprene rubber main body, is a cylindrical chamber extending along the axial direction, an anti-slip texture structure is arranged on the inner wall of the damping chamber, and low-viscosity silicone oil is filled in the damping chamber; the damping adjusting core is assembled in the damping cavity and comprises a pressure-bearing tray, an elastic rod connected with the pressure-bearing tray and a damping sliding block connected with the elastic rod and positioned in low-viscosity silicone oil; The damping slide block is provided with a spiral diversion trench on the outer peripheral surface, and the damping adjusting core generates displacement along the axial direction of the damping cavity in a pressure-bearing state, so that the damping slide block extrudes low-viscosity silicone oil and forms viscous resistance generated by diversion and throttling action through the spiral diversion trench, thereby generating damping resistance and increasing the damping resistance along with the increase of the downward movement depth of the damping slide block; The damping can be specifically set by selecting silicone oil with different kinematic viscosities, selecting spiral diversion tren