CN-121977052-A - Multi-stage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer

CN121977052ACN 121977052 ACN121977052 ACN 121977052ACN-121977052-A

Abstract

The application relates to a multistage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer which comprises a box body, an input end shaft sleeve, a plurality of groups of planetary transmission groups and an output shaft, wherein the input end shaft sleeve, the plurality of groups of planetary transmission groups and the output shaft are sequentially arranged along a central axis, each planetary transmission group comprises a sun gear, a planet wheel, a planet carrier, a gear ring I, a gear ring II and an avoidance sliding sleeve, each avoidance sliding sleeve is provided with an internal spline tooth and an external spline tooth, the sun gear is connected with the corresponding sleeve I, the output end of the planet carrier is provided with a first external tooth, the corresponding sleeve I is provided with an external tooth, the sun gear is connected with the corresponding sleeve II, the planet carrier is provided with a second external tooth, the corresponding sleeve II is provided with an external tooth, a combination sleeve is further arranged between the corresponding sleeve I and the corresponding sleeve II, two ends of the combination sleeve are also provided with an adjusting sleeve I and an adjusting sleeve II, the adjusting sleeve I is provided with internal tooth I and an internal tooth III and an internal tooth IV, and the adjusting sleeve II is provided with an internal tooth III. The multistage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer is more compact in structure and shorter in axial length.

Inventors

HOU ZHIYONG
Xu Yinglai
Ye Conggang
YU ZHICHENG
Xu Tiechen

Assignees

其锐达智能装备(宁波)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a planetary reducer with adjustable multistage speed ratio, includes box and input axle sleeve, multiunit planetary transmission group and the output shaft that arrange in proper order along the central axis, its characterized in that: The planetary transmission group comprises a sun gear, a planetary carrier, a gear ring I, a gear ring II and an avoidance sliding sleeve, wherein an input end shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the input end of the nearest neighboring sun gear, an output shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the nearest neighboring planetary carrier, the sun gear is in meshed transmission with the planetary gear, the planetary gear is in transmission connection with the planetary carrier, the planetary gear is meshed with the internal tooth of the gear ring I, the avoidance sliding sleeve is provided with an internal spline tooth and an external spline tooth, the internal spline tooth is meshed with the gear ring I, the external spline tooth is meshed with the gear ring II, and the gear ring II is fixed on the box body; The output end of the sun gear which is not connected with the output shaft is fixedly connected with a first connecting sleeve, the output end of the planet carrier adjacent to the first connecting sleeve is provided with first external teeth, the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting sleeve is provided with first external teeth, the input end of the sun gear which is not connected with the input end shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with a second connecting sleeve, the input end of the planet carrier adjacent to the second connecting sleeve is provided with second external teeth, and the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting sleeve is provided with second external teeth; A combined sleeve is further arranged between the first connecting sleeve and the second connecting sleeve, connecting external teeth are arranged on the peripheral wall of the combined sleeve, a first adjusting sleeve and a second adjusting sleeve are further arranged at the two ends of the combined sleeve in a sliding mode, internal teeth I and internal teeth II are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the first adjusting sleeve, a ring groove I is reserved between the internal teeth I and the internal teeth II, internal teeth III and internal teeth IV are arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the second adjusting sleeve, a ring groove II is reserved between the internal teeth III and the internal teeth IV, and the planetary carrier is in an unlocking state after external spline teeth are completely separated from the internal teeth of the second gear ring.
2. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein an annular shifting fork groove I is further formed in the peripheral wall of the avoidance sliding sleeve, shifting fork holes I which are arranged corresponding to the annular shifting fork groove I are formed in the box body, and an external shifting fork can be inserted into the annular shifting fork groove I through the shifting fork holes I to drive the avoidance sliding sleeve to axially slide and unlock a locking state of the planet carrier.
3. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein an annular shifting fork groove II is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the first adjusting sleeve, shifting fork holes II which are arranged corresponding to the annular shifting fork groove II are formed in the box body, and an external shifting fork can be inserted into the annular shifting fork groove II through the shifting fork holes II to drive the first adjusting sleeve to axially slide and change the speed ratio.
4. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein an annular shifting fork groove III is formed in the peripheral wall of the second adjusting sleeve, a shifting fork hole III which is arranged corresponding to the annular shifting fork groove III is formed in the box body, and an external shifting fork can be inserted into the annular shifting fork groove III through the shifting fork hole III so as to drive the second adjusting sleeve to axially slide and change the speed ratio.
5. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein an inner bearing I is arranged between the inner peripheral wall of the combined sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the connecting sleeve I, a bearing gland I is arranged at the end part of the connecting sleeve I, an inner bearing II is arranged between the inner peripheral wall of the combined sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the connecting sleeve II, a bearing gland II is arranged at the end part of the connecting sleeve II, and the bearing gland I and the bearing gland II are mutually attached.
6. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer of claim 1, wherein the box comprises a main housing, a first end cover and a second end cover, the main housing is of a cylindrical structure, the first end cover is mounted at an input end of the main housing in a sealing manner, and the second end cover is mounted at an output end of the main housing in a sealing manner.
7. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 6 is characterized in that a plurality of groups of outer bearings I which are arranged in parallel are arranged between the input end shaft sleeve and the end cover I, the end cover I is further provided with a cover I, a plurality of groups of outer bearings II which are arranged in parallel are arranged between the output shaft and the end cover II, and the end cover II is further provided with a cover II.
8. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein a middle bearing is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the end part of the first gear ring and the inner peripheral wall of the box body, and the two middle bearings are respectively abutted against the two ends of the second gear ring.
9. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1, wherein the gap width between the two ends of the first external tooth and the connecting external tooth is 1-3 mm, and the gap width between the two ends of the second external tooth and the connecting external tooth is 1-3 mm.
10. The multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the planetary transmission group is provided with two groups, the speed ratio of the single planetary transmission group is A, the numerical range of A is 3-5, and the multi-speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer can switch three working modes, namely a speed ratio value 1, a speed ratio value A and a speed ratio value A2.

Description

Multi-stage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of planetary reducers, in particular to a multistage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer. Background The planetary reducer (PLANETARY REDUCER) is a power transmission mechanism which takes involute planetary gear transmission as a core technology, realizes speed reduction by rotating a plurality of sets of planetary gears around a sun gear, and has the characteristics of light weight, small volume, large transmission ratio range (25-4000 r/min) and the like. In the field of planetary reducers, increasing the number of reduction stages is a design method for expanding the speed ratio range of a transmission system through multi-stage gear series connection, and the core principle is that the total speed ratio is distributed to gears of all stages, so that the effect of extreme speed reduction or torque amplification which cannot be achieved by a single stage is achieved. ‌ planetary reducers are particularly suitable for scenes requiring a great reduction in rotational speed or a significant increase in torque, such as sleeper rails of mine heavy equipment, large-scale rolling mills, cranes or portal frames. When the speed ratio of the common multistage planetary reducer is adjusted, a shifting fork is generally required to drive the combined sleeve to slide, so that the combination connection and separation between different planetary gear sets are realized. Regarding the related art in the above, it is considered that the following drawbacks exist: In the process of switching the speed ratio by sliding the combined sleeve, the combined sleeve can be completely meshed with the lower-stage connecting sleeve gear only when the combined sleeve is completely separated from the upper-stage connecting sleeve gear, so that an extra sliding space of 150-200mm is reserved for the combined sleeve, the axial length of the whole speed reducer can be greatly prolonged, the size and the axial length of the planetary speed reducer are larger, and the planetary speed reducer cannot be suitable for a partially narrow installation position. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a multistage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer, which aims to improve the following technical problems: The common multistage planetary reducer needs to reserve an extra sliding space of 150-200mm for the combined sleeve, so that the axial length of the whole reducer can be greatly prolonged, the size and the axial length of the planetary reducer are larger, and the planetary reducer cannot be suitable for a part of narrow mounting positions. The application provides a multistage speed ratio adjustable planetary reducer, which adopts the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a planetary reducer with adjustable multistage speed ratio, includes the box and along input axle sleeve, multiunit planetary transmission group and the output shaft that the central axis arranged gradually, input axle sleeve with the output shaft install respectively in the relative both ends of box, planetary transmission group install in the box, its characterized in that: the planetary transmission group comprises a sun gear, a planet wheel, a planet carrier, a gear ring I, a gear ring II and an avoidance sliding sleeve, wherein an input end shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the input end of the nearest sun gear, an output shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the nearest planet carrier, the sun gear and the planet wheel are in meshed transmission, the planet wheel and the planet carrier are in transmission connection to achieve a speed reduction effect, the planet wheel is meshed with the inner tooth of the gear ring I, the avoidance sliding sleeve is provided with inner spline teeth and outer spline teeth and can slide along a central axis, the inner spline teeth of the avoidance sliding sleeve are meshed with the outer tooth of the gear ring I, the outer spline teeth of the avoidance sliding sleeve are meshed with the inner tooth of the gear ring II, and the gear ring II is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the box body; The output end of the sun gear which is not connected with the output shaft is fixedly connected with a first connecting sleeve, the output end of the planet carrier which is adjacent to the first connecting sleeve is provided with first external teeth, the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting sleeve is provided with first external teeth, the input end of the sun gear which is not connected with the input end sleeve is fixedly connected with a second connecting sleeve, the input end of the planet carrier which is adjacent to the second connecting sleeve is provided with second external teeth, and the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting sleeve is provided with second external teeth; A combined sleeve which can freely rotate and cannot directly drive is further arra