CN-121977214-A - System and method for switching secondary air suction sources of waste incineration power plant

CN121977214ACN 121977214 ACN121977214 ACN 121977214ACN-121977214-A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of waste incineration power generation and discloses a system and a method for switching secondary air suction sources of a waste incineration power plant. The system comprises a first air suction channel, the air inlet end of which is positioned at the top of the incinerator, the air outlet end is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; the air inlet end of the second air suction channel is positioned in the garbage pool, and the air outlet end of the second air suction channel is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; the first control device and the second control device are respectively arranged on the two air suction channels to control on-off; the control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the two control devices and is switched between two induced draft states according to the change of the operation parameters of the garbage incinerator and the pressure parameters of the garbage pool: the first switch is used for sucking air from the top of the furnace or the second switch is used for sucking air from the garbage pool. The utility model provides a current overgrate air system can't compromise rubbish pond negative pressure stability and boiler efficiency's problem simultaneously when the load fluctuation because of the source singleness that induced drafts, the route is fixed.

Inventors

WEI XIAOLI
WEI HUI
ZHANG XIAOBO
CHEN GAOSEN
SHEN TAO
ZENG PENG
Lin Dongguang
FANG PENG

Assignees

中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260228

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a waste incineration power plant overgrate air switches source system that induced drafts which characterized in that includes: the air inlet end of the first air suction channel is arranged in the furnace top area of the incinerator, and the air outlet end of the first air suction channel is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; The air inlet end of the second air suction channel is arranged in the garbage pool area, and the air outlet end of the second air suction channel is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; The first control device is arranged on the first air suction channel and used for controlling the on-off of the first air suction channel; The second control device is arranged on the second air suction channel and used for controlling the on-off of the second air suction channel; and a control unit electrically connected with the first control device and the second control device respectively, wherein the control unit is configured to switch the overgrate air system between at least two air suction states: the first state is that the first control device is started and the second control device is closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air through the first air suction channel; the second state is that the second control device is started and the first control device is closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air through the second air suction channel; The control unit triggers the switching between the first state and the second state according to the change of the operation parameters of the garbage incinerator and the pressure parameters of the garbage pool.
2. The secondary air switching air suction source system of the waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure detection device, wherein the pressure detection device is arranged in a waste pool area and is used for detecting negative pressure of the waste pool, and a signal output end of the pressure detection device is connected with a signal input end of the control unit so as to provide a pressure electric signal representing the negative pressure of the waste pool for the control unit.
3. The secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to control the first control device to be opened and the second control device to be closed when the waste incinerator is in full-load operation and the negative pressure of the waste pit is smaller than a first negative pressure threshold value, so that the secondary air pump sucks air from the top area of the incinerator through the first suction channel.
4. A secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 3, wherein the control unit is configured to control the second control device to be turned on and the first control device to be turned off so that the secondary air fan sucks air from a waste pit area through the second suction channel when the waste incinerator is in low load operation and/or at least one incinerator is out of operation and the waste pit negative pressure is larger than a second negative pressure threshold.
5. The exhaust system for switching secondary air in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, wherein the first control device and the second control device each comprise an air door, the second control device is arranged in the second exhaust channel and near a waste pool area, and the first control device is arranged in the first exhaust channel and near a furnace top area.
6. The secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, further comprising an inlet damper provided at an inlet of the secondary air fan for adjusting the total amount of secondary air entering the incinerator, the inlet damper being for adjusting the air intake of the secondary air fan by changing the opening degree.
7. The secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, wherein the top suction end of the first suction channel and the suction end of the waste pool of the second suction channel are respectively provided with a filtering device for intercepting particulate impurities or sundries.
8. The secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to maintain the negative pressure of the waste pool in a range of-30 Pa to-50 Pa in the suction state of the second suction channel.
9. The secondary air switching suction source system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 4, wherein the first negative pressure threshold is-50 Pa, and the second negative pressure threshold is-20 Pa.
10. The method for switching the secondary air suction source of the waste incineration power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of: providing a system according to any one of claims 1-9; acquiring parameters for representing operation conditions, wherein the parameters comprise garbage incinerator operation parameters and/or garbage pool pressure parameters; judging based on the parameters of the operation conditions to determine whether the air suction state of the secondary air blower is a first state or a second state; When the first state is determined, a first control device arranged on a first air suction channel is controlled to be opened, and a second control device arranged on a second air suction channel is controlled to be closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air from the furnace top area of the incinerator through the first air suction channel; when the second state is determined, the second control device is controlled to be started, and the first control device is controlled to be closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air from the garbage pool area through the second air suction channel; wherein the switching between the first state and the second state is triggered by a parameter change of the operating condition.

Description

System and method for switching secondary air suction sources of waste incineration power plant Technical Field The application relates to the field of waste incineration power generation, in particular to a system and a method for switching secondary air suction sources of a waste incineration power plant. Background The waste incineration power generation is widely applied in China in recent years as an important technical route for reducing and recycling the household waste. Waste incineration power plants generally comprise a waste pond, an incinerator, a boiler and a corresponding air-feeding system. In order to ensure stable combustion of the hearth and meet emission control requirements, a primary air system and a secondary air system are generally arranged on engineering, wherein primary air is used for supplying air to the lower part of the fire grate so as to promote drying and ignition of garbage and cooling the fire grate, and secondary air is used for supplementing combustion air to the hearth and forming turbulence so as to enhance mixing and burnout, thereby improving combustion completeness and thermal efficiency of the boiler. In the existing engineering, the secondary air system usually adopts a design mode of a single air suction source or a fixed air suction path. For example, the overgrate air is mostly drawn from the top or roof area of the boiler house, with its relatively high temperature to raise the overgrate air temperature, and there are schemes to set the overgrate air to be drawn from the waste pit area for enhancing the waste pit suction. The secondary air system with the single air source or the fixed path can meet the secondary air supply requirement when the working condition of the unit is stable and the unit runs at full load, but the problem of insufficient adaptability is easily exposed when the running condition of the waste incineration power plant fluctuates greatly, especially under the condition of low-load running or single-furnace shutdown/maintenance. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a secondary air source switching system and a secondary air source switching method for a waste incineration power plant, which can realize a secondary air system with flexibly selected secondary air source under different operation conditions so as to maintain or improve the operation efficiency of a unit as far as possible while ensuring the stability of the negative pressure of a waste pool and reducing the risk of odor overflow. The application discloses a secondary air switching air suction source system of a waste incineration power plant, which comprises the following components: the air inlet end of the first air suction channel is arranged in the furnace top area of the incinerator, and the air outlet end of the first air suction channel is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; The air inlet end of the second air suction channel is arranged in the garbage pool area, and the air outlet end of the second air suction channel is communicated with the air inlet side of the secondary air blower; The first control device is arranged on the first air suction channel and used for controlling the on-off of the first air suction channel; The second control device is arranged on the second air suction channel and used for controlling the on-off of the second air suction channel; and a control unit electrically connected with the first control device and the second control device respectively, wherein the control unit is configured to switch the overgrate air system between at least two air suction states: the first state is that the first control device is started and the second control device is closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air through the first air suction channel; the second state is that the second control device is started and the first control device is closed, so that the secondary air blower sucks air through the second air suction channel; The control unit triggers the switching between the first state and the second state according to the change of the operation parameters of the garbage incinerator and the pressure parameters of the garbage pool. In a preferred embodiment, the garbage disposal device further comprises a pressure detection device, wherein the pressure detection device is arranged in the garbage disposal area and is used for detecting the negative pressure of the garbage disposal, and a signal output end of the pressure detection device is connected with a signal input end of the control unit so as to provide a pressure electric signal representing the negative pressure of the garbage disposal for the control unit. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to control the first control device to be opened and the second control device to be closed when the garbage incinerator is in full-load operation and the negative pressure of the garbage pool is smaller than a first negativ