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CN-121977227-A - Regenerative cooling combustion chamber and aeroengine

CN121977227ACN 121977227 ACN121977227 ACN 121977227ACN-121977227-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a regenerative cooling combustion chamber and an aeroengine, wherein the regenerative cooling combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber casing and a flame tube, the flame tube comprises a flame tube head, a flame tube outer ring and a flame tube inner ring, and a combustion cavity is formed between the flame tube head, the flame tube outer ring and the flame tube inner ring. The combustion chamber comprises an oil-rich combustion zone, a quenching blending zone and a lean oil combustion zone which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, wherein the wall surfaces of the outer ring of the flame tube and the inner ring of the flame tube are respectively provided with a cooling cavity in the oil-rich combustion zone and the quenching blending zone, the regeneration cooling mechanism comprises a cooling piece which is connected to the outer ring of the flame tube and the inner ring of the flame tube and is communicated with the cooling cavities, and an oil injection piece which is connected to the head of the flame tube and is communicated with the combustion cavities, the cooling piece and the oil injection piece are respectively extended out of the casing of the combustion chamber and are detachably connected with the casing of the combustion chamber, the cooling piece and the oil injection piece are communicated so that fuel oil firstly flows through the cooling cavities to cool the flame tube, and then the head of the flame tube is injected into the combustion cavities to burn. The invention can reduce pollutant discharge and reduce pressure loss of the combustion chamber.

Inventors

  • LI CHUNJIANG
  • CHEN MINMIN
  • Zhang Zhuoya
  • CHEN SHENG
  • LIN HEZHOU

Assignees

  • 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260109

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The regeneration cooling combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber casing (100) and a flame tube arranged in the combustion chamber casing (100), wherein the flame tube comprises a flame tube head (200), a flame tube outer ring (300) and a flame tube inner ring (400), a combustion cavity is formed between the flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400), and is characterized in that, The combustion chamber comprises a rich oil combustion zone (500), a quenching blending zone (600) and a lean oil combustion zone (700) which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction away from the head part (200) of the flame tube, wherein cooling chambers (800) are formed in the wall surfaces of the outer ring (300) of the flame tube and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube, and the cooling chambers (800) are arranged in the rich oil combustion zone (500) and the quenching blending zone (600); The flame tube and the combustion chamber casing (100) are connected with a regeneration cooling mechanism (900), the regeneration cooling mechanism (900) comprises a cooling piece (901) which is connected to the flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400) and communicated with the cooling cavity (800), and an oil injection piece (902) which is connected to the flame tube head (200) and communicated with the combustion cavity, the cooling piece (901) and the oil injection piece (902) extend out of the combustion chamber casing (100) and are detachably connected with the combustion chamber casing (100), and the cooling piece (901) and the oil injection piece (902) are communicated so that fuel oil firstly flows through the cooling cavity (800) to cool the flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400) and then is injected into the combustion cavity from the flame tube head (200) to burn.
  2. 2. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 1, The outer ring (300) and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube are bent towards the combustion chamber at the position of the rich oil combustion zone (500) close to the quenching blending zone (600) so that the combustion chamber forms a shrinkage cavity in the quenching blending zone (600) and the lean oil combustion zone (700); the outer ring (300) of the flame tube and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube are correspondingly provided with quenching holes in the quenching blending zone (600), and the oil inlet end of the cooling piece (901) is connected to the outer ring (300) of the flame tube and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube, which are close to one side of the lean oil combustion zone (700), of the quenching holes.
  3. 3. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 2, The quenching holes comprise main combustion holes (601) and blending holes (602) which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the combustion cavity, and the main combustion holes (601) are arranged at one side of the quenching blending zone (600) close to the oil-rich combustion zone (500); the primary combustion holes (601) comprise a plurality of first primary combustion holes and second primary combustion holes, the aperture of the first primary combustion holes is larger than that of the second primary combustion holes, and the first primary combustion holes and the second primary combustion holes are arranged on the outer ring (300) of the flame tube and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  4. 4. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 1, The cooling piece (901) comprises a first mounting plate (9011) mounted on the combustion chamber casing (100), an oil inlet pipe (9012) and an oil outlet pipe (9013) which are hermetically penetrated in the first mounting plate (9011) and connected to the outer ring (300) of the flame tube and the inner ring (400) of the flame tube, and a fuel oil main pipe (9014) which is arranged outside the combustion chamber casing (100) and connected with the oil outlet pipe (9013); the oil inlet pipe (9012) is arranged on one side, close to the lean oil combustion zone (700), of the quenching blending zone (600), the oil outlet pipe (9013) is arranged in the rich oil combustion zone (500), and the oil inlet pipe (9012) and the oil outlet pipe (9013) are both communicated with the cooling cavity (800).
  5. 5. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 4, The oil injection piece (902) comprises a second mounting plate (9021) mounted on the combustion chamber casing (100), a first oil return pipe (9022) and a second oil return pipe (9023) which are hermetically penetrated in the second mounting plate (9021), an oil return nozzle (9024) which is connected with the first oil return pipe (9022) and the second oil return pipe (9023) and mounted on the flame tube head (200), and an oil return main pipe (9025) which is arranged outside the combustion chamber casing (100) and connected with the second oil return pipe (9023); The first oil return pipe (9022) is connected to the fuel main pipe (9014) and is used for returning fuel of the oil outlet pipe (9013) to the oil return nozzle (9024) and injecting the fuel into the combustion cavity.
  6. 6. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 5, A fixing piece (903) is further mounted on the combustion chamber casing (100), the fixing piece (903) is arranged between the first mounting plate (9011) and the second mounting plate (9021), and the fixing piece (903) is arranged on the combustion chamber casing (100) in a penetrating manner and is abutted to the outer wall of the flame tube; the fixing pieces (903) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber casing (100).
  7. 7. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 5, The regenerative cooling mechanism (900) further comprises an oil outlet transfer pipe (9015) and a first oil return transfer pipe (9026) which are connected to the fuel oil main pipe (9014), and a second oil return transfer pipe (9027) which is connected to the oil return main pipe (9025), wherein the oil outlet transfer pipe (9015), the first oil return transfer pipe (9026) and the second oil return transfer pipe (9027) are all arranged outside the combustor casing (100); the oil outlet transfer tube (9015) is detachably connected with the oil outlet tube (9013), the first oil return transfer tube (9026) is detachably connected with the first oil return tube (9022), and the second oil return transfer tube (9027) is detachably connected with the second oil return tube (9023).
  8. 8. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 2, The flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400) both comprise straight sections and bending sections connected to the straight sections in the lean oil combustion zone (700), and the straight sections are arranged on one side close to the quenching blending zone (600); and the straight section and the bending section are respectively provided with a divergent cooling hole (701) correspondingly.
  9. 9. The regeneratively cooled combustor according to claim 5, The flame tube head (200) comprises a cyclone (201) connected to the flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400), and a cap cover (202) which is arranged on the periphery of the cyclone (201) and is fixed on the flame tube outer ring (300) and the flame tube inner ring (400); the oil return nozzle (9024) is screwed into the cyclone (201).
  10. 10. An aircraft engine, characterized by comprising a regeneratively cooled combustion chamber according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9.

Description

Regenerative cooling combustion chamber and aeroengine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to a regenerative cooling combustion chamber. Furthermore, an aeroengine comprising such a regeneratively cooled combustion chamber is also described. Background The combustion chamber is one of the core components of the aero-engine/gas turbine, and mainly aims to organize atomization, blending and combustion of fuel oil and air, and high-temperature fuel gas can be continuously generated by combustion of an oil-gas mixture, so that turbine blades are continuously pushed to do work. With the development of the aviation industry, the requirements of civil aviation engines for low pollution emissions are becoming increasingly strong. Currently, RQL (Rich burn-Quench-Lean burn) combustion technology is one of the main technological routes for low pollution emissions. An aeroengine combustion chamber employing RQL combustion technology divides the combustion process into three combustion zones, namely a rich combustion zone, a quenching blending zone, and a lean combustion zone. The oil gas in the oil-rich combustion area is relatively high, so that the oil-rich combustion is realized, and a strong backflow area is formed through the cyclone, so that the stable combustion is realized. Thermal NOx production is inhibited because the zone is in an anoxic environment. Products of incomplete combustion enter a quenching blending zone, a single row or double rows of macropores are arranged in the quenching blending zone in a RQL combustion chamber for blending high-temperature fuel gas, a large amount of cooling gas is sprayed into the quenching blending zone at a high speed through circumferentially uniformly distributed air inlet holes, so that the equivalent ratio of the mixed gas is rapidly reduced, the temperature of the high-temperature fuel gas is rapidly reduced to below 1400K, the conversion from rich oil combustion to lean oil combustion is realized, and the design parameters of the air inlet holes of the quenching blending zone are critical to the moderating efficiency. The oil gas in the lean oil combustion zone is relatively low, the residual air and the quenched mixed gas are completely combusted under the lean combustion condition, the temperature is controlled at 1500-1600K, the secondary generation of NOx is avoided, and the full combustion of fuel oil is realized. The existing RQL combustor flame tube cooling mode mainly adopts modes such as air film cooling, divergent cooling and the like, and all rely on cooling air to cool the wall surface. However, the deflector at the head of the combustion chamber and part of the cooling air in the rich combustion zone of the liner may participate in the combustion reaction, forming a number of localized stoichiometric combustion zones, increasing the emission of pollutants such as NOx. And nozzle atomization can not meet the requirements of the existing combustion chamber, oil mist atomization is relatively uneven, certain large-particle oil drops exist, and uniform mixing and combustion of fuel oil and air are not facilitated. In addition, along with the gradual increase of the temperature rise of the combustion chamber, the cooling air quantity required by the flame tube is increased, which is not only unfavorable for the tissue combustion of the combustion chamber, but also restricts the improvement of the combustion efficiency. Meanwhile, in order to meet the large-area cooling requirement of the combustor flame tube, a large number of air holes are usually formed in the wall surface of the flame tube, so that the pressure loss of the flame tube is increased, and the overall performance of the aeroengine is further influenced. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a regenerative cooling combustion chamber and an aeroengine, which are used for solving the technical problems of high pressure loss and high pollution emission of a combustion chamber flame tube in the prior art. According to one aspect of the invention, a regenerative cooling combustion chamber is provided, comprising a combustion chamber casing and a flame tube arranged in the combustion chamber casing, wherein the flame tube comprises a flame tube head, a flame tube outer ring and a flame tube inner ring, a combustion cavity is formed between the flame tube outer ring and the flame tube inner ring, the combustion cavity comprises an oil-rich combustion zone, a quenching blending zone and a lean oil combustion zone which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction towards the direction far away from the flame tube head, cooling cavities are formed in the wall surfaces of the flame tube outer ring and the flame tube inner ring, and the cooling cavities are arranged in the oil-rich combustion zone and the quenching blending zone; The flame tube and the combustion chamber casing are connected with a regeneration cooling mechanism, t