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CN-121977288-A - Subcritical direct-current hot water boiler

CN121977288ACN 121977288 ACN121977288 ACN 121977288ACN-121977288-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of subcritical once-through water boilers, in particular to a subcritical once-through water boiler, which comprises: the furnace is characterized in that a tail gas exchange flue is arranged at one side of the top end of the furnace, the outer side of the tail gas exchange flue is connected with a coal economizer, a coiled pipe is inserted in the middle of the coal economizer, and a plurality of groups of heat exchange sheets which are uniformly distributed are arranged around the coiled pipe; the beneficial effects are as follows: the invention provides a subcritical direct-current hot water boiler, wherein flue gas generated by a hearth enters an economizer through a tail flue at one side of the top of the hearth, a water feeding pump conveys boiler water into a coiled pipe through a coiled pipe inlet, at the moment, the flue gas flows in the economizer, heat exchange sheets are arranged around the coiled pipe to absorb heat in the flue gas and conduct the heat into the coiled pipe, water in the coiled pipe is preheated, and preheated water in the coiled pipe is led into an annular water wall pipeline in the hearth through a coiled pipe outlet at the top of the coiled pipe for reheating.

Inventors

  • HU CHEN
  • ZHOU LONGYU
  • ZHU HAOQIANG
  • ZHOU XUHUI
  • WANG GANG
  • HU YIMING
  • GAO HAITAO
  • CUI QIGUAN
  • WANG CONG
  • GENG KAIHUI
  • ZHANG KELONG
  • YAN XIAOZHE
  • TANG MING
  • JIN MING
  • XIONG JINYING
  • HOU YINGZHE

Assignees

  • 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260313

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The subcritical direct-current hot water boiler is characterized by comprising a hearth (1), wherein a tail gas exchange flue (3) is arranged at one side of the top end of the hearth (1), the outer side of the tail gas exchange flue (3) is connected with an economizer (4), a coiled pipe (6) is inserted in the middle of the economizer (4), and a plurality of groups of heat exchange sheets (9) which are uniformly distributed are arranged around the coiled pipe (6); The device comprises an opening and closing screw rod (13), wherein the opening and closing screw rod (13) is arranged on the inner wall of the coal economizer (4), the opening and closing screw rod (13) is positioned on the outer side of a heat exchange sheet (9) in the coal economizer (4), the opening and closing screw rod (13) is separated from the middle part, threads on two sides are opposite, the threads on two sides of the opening and closing screw rod (13) are connected with a transverse moving plate (15), and the transverse moving plate (15) is inserted into a gap between two groups of heat exchange sheets (9).
  2. 2. The subcritical direct-current hot water boiler of claim 1, wherein one side of the hearth (1) is connected with a coal storage bin (2) through a communicating pipe, the coal storage bin (2) supplies coal to the hearth (1), the top of one side of the hearth (1) is connected with an economizer (4) through a tail gas exchange flue (3), and a flue gas outlet (5) is formed in the middle of the bottom of the economizer (4).
  3. 3. A subcritical once-through water boiler according to claim 2, wherein one end of the coiled pipe (6) extends out from the top of the economizer (4) and is provided as a coiled pipe outlet (7), the other end of the coiled pipe (6) extends out from one side of the bottom of the economizer (4) and is provided as a coiled pipe inlet (8), the coiled pipe outlet (7) is connected with an annular water wall pipeline inside the hearth (1), and the coiled pipe inlet (8) is connected with an external water supply pump.
  4. 4. A subcritical direct-current hot water boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that a motor (10) is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the top of the economizer (4), a rotating shaft (11) is inserted into the bottom end portion of the motor (10), a first bevel gear (12) is arranged on the rotating shaft (11), the first bevel gear (12) is perpendicularly intersected with a second bevel gear (14) in the middle of an opening and closing screw (13), and the opening and closing screw (13) is meshed with the second bevel gear (14).
  5. 5. A subcritical direct current hot water boiler according to claim 4 is characterized in that one end of the traverse plate (15) is in threaded connection with an opening and closing screw rod (13), the other end of the traverse plate (15) is in sliding connection with a limit rod (16) arranged on the inner side of the heat exchange piece (9) of the economizer (4), and the limit rod (16) limits the traverse plate (15) to prevent the traverse plate (15) from inclining in sliding and traversing.
  6. 6. The subcritical direct-current hot water boiler of claim 5, wherein the traversing plate (15) is inserted in the middle of a gap between the two groups of heat exchange sheets (9), telescopic grooves (17) are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the traversing plate (15), springs (18) are arranged in the telescopic grooves (17), the bottoms of the springs (18) are connected with the inner side walls of the telescopic grooves (17), the tops of the springs (18) are connected with telescopic scraping plates (19), and the springs (18) can drive the telescopic scraping plates (19) to stretch in the telescopic grooves (17).
  7. 7. A subcritical direct current hot water boiler according to claim 6 is characterized in that the telescopic scraping plates (19) can be respectively clung to the upper surface and the lower surface of the two groups of heat exchange sheets (9) through the elasticity of the springs (18), and the transverse moving plates (15) can drive the telescopic scraping plates (19) to transversely move and slide, so that the telescopic scraping plates (19) scrape dust attached to the heat exchange sheets (9).
  8. 8. A subcritical direct current hot water boiler according to claim 7 is characterized in that inclined extrusion grooves (20) are formed in the outer sides of two sides of the telescopic scraping plate (19), an extrusion rod (21) is arranged in the coal economizer (4) at the position parallel to the extrusion grooves (20), and the extrusion rod (21) can extrude the telescopic scraping plate (19) through the extrusion grooves (20) to enable the telescopic scraping plate (19) to be contracted into the telescopic groove (17).

Description

Subcritical direct-current hot water boiler Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of subcritical once-through water boilers, in particular to a subcritical once-through water boiler. Background The subcritical direct-current hot water boiler is used as high-efficiency heat energy conversion equipment, and an economizer is usually arranged in a tail flue of the subcritical direct-current hot water boiler to recover flue gas waste heat and reduce the exhaust gas temperature. In the prior art, the economizer is mainly installed on the tail flue by adopting a fixed structure, and the heat exchange between the flue gas and the water supply is realized through the heat exchange sheets. However, in actual operation, fly ash particles generated by combustion of fuel flow through the economizer with the flue gas, and an ash accumulation layer is gradually formed on the surface of the heat exchange sheet. Along with the extension of the operation time, the adhesion and accumulation of ash particles on the heat exchange sheet of the economizer are serious, so that the heat exchange efficiency is obviously reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency can be reduced by 5-8% when the thickness of accumulated ash is increased by 1 mm. The accumulated ash not only increases the thermal resistance, but also can cause local overheating and structural damage, and even cause flue blockage when serious, so that the boiler is forced to run in a load-reducing mode or shut down for ash removal. Disclosure of Invention The present invention is directed to a subcritical once-through water boiler to solve the problems set forth in the background art. The invention provides a technical scheme that a tail gas exchange flue is arranged at one side of the top end of a hearth, a coal economizer is connected to the outer side of the tail gas exchange flue, a serpentine pipe is inserted in the middle of the coal economizer, a plurality of groups of uniformly distributed heat exchange sheets are arranged around the serpentine pipe, an opening and closing screw rod is arranged on the inner wall of the coal economizer and positioned on the outer side of the heat exchange sheets in the coal economizer, the opening and closing screw rod is separated from the middle, threads on two sides of the opening and closing screw rod are opposite, transverse moving plates are connected to threads on two sides of the opening and closing screw rod, and the transverse moving plates are inserted in gaps between the two groups of heat exchange sheets. Preferably, one side of the hearth is connected with a coal storage bin through a communicating pipe, the coal storage bin supplies coal to the hearth, the top of one side of the hearth is connected with an economizer through a tail gas exchange flue, and a flue gas outlet is formed in the middle of the bottom of the economizer. Preferably, one end of the coiled pipe extends out of the top of the coal economizer and is provided with a coiled pipe outlet, the other end of the coiled pipe extends out of one side of the bottom of the coal economizer and is provided with a coiled pipe inlet, the coiled pipe outlet is connected with an annular water cooling wall pipeline inside the hearth, and the coiled pipe inlet is connected with an external water supply pump. Preferably, a motor is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the top of the coal economizer, a rotating shaft is inserted into the bottom end part of the motor, a first bevel gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, the first bevel gear is vertically intersected with a second bevel gear in the middle of an opening and closing screw, and the opening and closing screw is meshed with the second bevel gear. Preferably, one end of the transverse moving plate is in threaded connection with the opening and closing screw rod, the other end of the transverse moving plate is in sliding connection with a limiting rod arranged on the inner side of the heat exchange piece of the coal economizer, the limiting rod limits the transverse moving plate, and the transverse moving plate is prevented from sliding and transversely moving to incline. Preferably, the sideslip board is pegged graft in the middle part in two sets of heat exchange piece clearances, and the expansion tank has been seted up at the upper and lower both ends of sideslip board, is provided with the spring in the expansion tank, and the inboard inner wall of expansion tank is being connected to the bottom of spring, and flexible scraper blade is being connected at the top of spring, and the spring can drive flexible scraper blade and stretch out and draw back in the expansion tank. Preferably, the telescopic scraping plates can be respectively clung to the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the two groups of heat exchange sheets through the elasticity of springs, and the transverse moving plates can drive the telescopic scraping plates to transversely move and slide, so that the