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CN-121977360-A - Waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by rotary kiln

CN121977360ACN 121977360 ACN121977360 ACN 121977360ACN-121977360-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by a rotary kiln, which comprises a secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine generator unit and a waste gas treatment system which are sequentially communicated, wherein the secondary combustion chamber adopts a single-channel multiple-turn-back structure, waste carbon powder and combustion air are sprayed into the secondary combustion chamber to realize complete combustion of combustible substances in smoke, the temperature of the smoke is improved, the waste heat boiler realizes gradient heat exchange at a high temperature and high pressure of 9.81-540 ℃, waste heat is recovered maximally, the steam turbine generator unit is matched with the parameters of 8.83-535 ℃, steam heat energy is converted into electric energy through steam-water circulation, the waste gas treatment system integrates an SNCR ammonia spraying device and desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated equipment, SO 2 、NO x and dust are removed synchronously by a ceramic fiber filter tube loaded with double functional substances, the system improves the generated energy by 15-30%, the pollutant emission meets the ultra-low standard, and the unification of economic benefit and environmental protection benefit is realized.

Inventors

  • LI SUI
  • ZOU JUNHUI
  • DING KAIXIANG
  • XIAO YANG
  • LI HUIQIAN
  • WANG YANTING
  • GE YANG
  • YANG QIAN
  • ZHANG FUBIN

Assignees

  • 中材节能股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260402

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln is based on waste heat recovery power generation and purification treatment of flue gas discharged by the active carbon rotary kiln (1), and is characterized by comprising a secondary combustion chamber (2), a waste heat boiler (3), a turbo generator set (4) and a waste gas treatment system which are sequentially and hermetically communicated, wherein each component is used for cooperatively completing waste heat recovery power generation and flue gas purification functions, the input end of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is communicated with the active carbon rotary kiln (1), the output end of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is hermetically communicated with the waste heat boiler (3), one path of the output end of the waste heat boiler (3) is connected with the waste gas treatment, and the waste heat boiler (3) and the turbo generator set (4) are connected in parallel to form closed-loop steam treatment, and the waste heat power generation system comprises the following components, wherein: the secondary combustion chamber (2) comprises a secondary combustion chamber shell (21) and a burner (22), wherein the burner (22) is arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber (2), and waste carbon powder and combustion-supporting air are sprayed into the burner (22) through a pipeline; the waste heat boiler (3) comprises a waste heat boiler (3) shell, an economizer, an evaporator, a superheater, a boiler barrel and a superheater header; the steam turbine generator unit (4) comprises a steam turbine (41), a generator (42), a condenser (43), a condensate pump (44), a deaerator (45) and a feed pump (46); The waste gas treatment system comprises desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated equipment (51), an induced draft fan (52), a chimney (53) and an SNCR ammonia spraying device (54).
  2. 2. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln is characterized in that the steam turbine generator unit (4) is communicated with a steam outlet of a waste heat boiler (3) through a main steam pipeline, steam after acting of the steam turbine (41) is condensed into condensed water through a condenser (43), and flows back to the waste heat boiler (3) through a condensate pump (44), a deaerator (45) and a water supply pump (46) in sequence to complete steam-water circulation, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated equipment (51) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (3) in a sealing mode, the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal integrated equipment (51) takes a porous structure ceramic fiber filter tube as a core carrier, and vanadium-titanium catalysts and alkaline metal oxides are uniformly loaded on the surface of the filter tube, so that desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal are synchronously realized within a temperature window of 180-300 ℃.
  3. 3. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln is characterized in that the secondary combustion chamber shell (21) is of a single-channel multiple-turning structure, the turning structure of the secondary combustion chamber shell (21) is of a horizontal turning structure or a vertical turning structure, waste carbon powder and combustion air are sprayed into the secondary combustion chamber shell (21) through a pipeline, the flow rate of flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber (2) is less than 3-4 m/s, and the number of the burners (22) arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is at least more than 3.
  4. 4. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln according to claim 1, wherein the SNCR ammonia spraying device (54) is arranged on a flue gas pipeline at an inlet of a waste heat boiler (3), the flue gas is subjected to gradient heat exchange with medium water (steam) in a superheater, an evaporator and an economizer in sequence in a shell, the steam parameter of the waste heat boiler (3) is set to be 9.81-540 ℃, and the flue gas temperature is set to be 30 ℃ higher than the dew point temperature of the flue gas.
  5. 5. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using a rotary kiln according to claim 2, wherein, The steam turbine (41) is adapted to steam parameters of 8.83MPa-535 ℃.
  6. 6. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln as claimed in claim 2, wherein the wall thickness of the filter tube is 10-20 mm, and the filter tube is made of hard materials.
  7. 7. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using a rotary kiln according to claim 2, wherein, The vanadium-titanium catalyst is V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 , and the basic metal oxide comprises at least one of CaO, mgO, al 2 O 3 .
  8. 8. The waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by using the rotary kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the steam turbine generator unit (4) can be additionally provided with a shaft seal heater, a plurality of stages of low-pressure heaters and a plurality of stages of high-pressure heaters according to the installation scale of power generation.

Description

Waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by rotary kiln Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, in particular to a waste heat power generation system for producing active carbon by a rotary kiln, which is an integrated system for realizing efficient recovery and power generation of waste heat and collaborative purification of flue gas in the process of producing active carbon by the rotary kiln, and is particularly suitable for an active carbon production scene with coal as a raw material. Background Activated carbon, which is a special carbon material having a porous structure and a high specific surface area, is widely used in various fields such as water purification treatment, air purification, medical purification, food processing decoloration, etc., by virtue of excellent adsorption performance. In the industrial production of activated carbon, rotary kilns have become mainstream production equipment because of having the core advantages of large throughput, stable operation and strong raw material adaptability. The core process of the activated carbon production comprises four links of raw material pretreatment, carbonization, activation and post-treatment, wherein the carbonization link is required to be heated under the protection of air or inert gas, organic components such as cellulose, lignin and the like in the raw material are decomposed, volatile matters such as methane, tar and the like are removed, a carbonized material with the carbon content of 60% -80% is formed, when the temperature in a rotary kiln reaches 800-1100 ℃, an activating agent such as water vapor and the like is introduced in the activation link, the activating agent reacts with the carbonized material for 8-12 hours, and a pore structure is enlarged by etching a carbon skeleton, so that the specific surface area of the product reaches 500-2000m 2/g, and finally the activated carbon with the adsorption performance is formed. The active carbon is produced by the rotary kiln, and two key links of carbonization and physical activation can be synchronously completed in the kiln. However, the existing rotary kiln activated carbon production process and a matched system have significant technical defects, and the method is as follows: The problems of high energy consumption and waste heat are outstanding, namely, according to GB29995-2024 (limit for energy consumption of coal-based active carbon and semi-coke unit product) implemented in 5 months and 1 day of 2025, raw coal is crushed to produce active carbon, and the energy consumption of unit product is up to 3750-4250 kg Standard coal /t Activated carbon . If the heating value of the raw coal is calculated to be 5000kcal/kg, 5.25-5.95 tons of raw coal are consumed for producing 1 ton of active carbon, a large amount of heat energy is directly discharged along with the flue gas, and the energy waste is serious. As the scale of activated carbon production continues to expand, the economic loss and environmental pressure caused by such energy waste become more significant. The flue gas treatment burden is heavy and the heat value is lost, namely, the flue gas discharged from the rotary kiln contains combustible substances such as CO, volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), residual carbon powder particles and the like, and the substances are not only rich in unrecovered heat values, but also increase the difficulty and cost of subsequent flue gas treatment, so that the double problems of energy waste and environmental protection treatment pressure are caused. The waste heat utilization efficiency is low, the problems of low steam parameters, poor equipment cooperativity and the like of the waste heat power generation system in the existing industry generally exist, the steam pressure and the temperature of a waste heat boiler are low, the parameter level of a steam turbine is low, the waste heat recovery utilization rate and the power generation efficiency are difficult to improve, and the wasted heat energy cannot be fully converted into economic benefits. The integration level of the flue gas purification equipment is low, the traditional flue gas treatment needs to be respectively provided with desulfurization, denitrification and dedusting equipment, the problems of large occupied area, high investment cost, complex treatment flow and the like exist, the synchronous and efficient removal of pollutants is difficult to realize, and the current strict ultra-low emission environment-friendly requirement is difficult to meet. Therefore, the development of a system capable of efficiently recovering the waste heat of the activated carbon production, synchronously purifying the flue gas and improving the energy utilization efficiency becomes a key for solving the pain point of the current industry, and has important significance for promoting the energy conservation and consumption reduction, the green development and t