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CN-121977374-A - Gravity heat pipe heat exchange system with upper heat source

CN121977374ACN 121977374 ACN121977374 ACN 121977374ACN-121977374-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gravity heat pipe heat exchange, and particularly relates to a gravity heat pipe heat exchange system with an upper heat source, which comprises a condenser, an evaporator, an exhaust channel and a liquid return channel, wherein the evaporator is arranged below the heat source and horizontally arranged, a flat thin-cavity evaporation cavity extending along the horizontal direction is arranged in the evaporator, the evaporation cavity enables reflux liquid to form directional flow under the action of gravity through setting liquid filling rate and continuously scour a heated part, a liquid inlet part and a liquid outlet part are arranged on the evaporator to be respectively communicated with the liquid return channel and the exhaust channel, the liquid inlet part and the liquid outlet part are spatially separated and arranged to reduce gas-liquid interference, and a diversion structure can be arranged in the evaporation cavity to strengthen liquid distribution and updating.

Inventors

  • GUO XIANGJI
  • ZHANG BO

Assignees

  • 大连理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260323

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The gravity heat pipe heat exchange system with an upper heat source is characterized by comprising a condenser (1), an evaporator (2), an exhaust channel (3) and a liquid return channel (4), wherein the evaporator (2) is used for being correspondingly arranged with the heat source (5) to absorb heat and evaporate internal working media to form steam, the steam is conveyed to the condenser (1) through the exhaust channel (3) to conduct condensation heat release, the condensed liquid working media flow back to the evaporator (2) under the action of gravity through the liquid return channel (4) to form circulation heat exchange, The evaporator (2) is arranged below the heat source (5) and is horizontally arranged as a whole, and an evaporation cavity (204) extending along the horizontal direction is arranged in the evaporator; the evaporation cavity (204) is constructed into a flat thin cavity structure so that a working medium forms a low-thickness liquid film in the cavity; The evaporator (2) is provided with a liquid inlet part (202) communicated with the liquid return channel (4), and the arrangement position of the liquid inlet part (202) is configured to enable liquid working medium flowing back from the liquid return channel (4) to form directional flow in the evaporation cavity (204) under the action of gravity so as to continuously wash out a heated part (206) corresponding to the heat source (5) on the evaporator (2).
  2. 2. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator (2) comprises a housing (201), a portion of an upper wall of the housing (201) in direct contact with the heat source (5) for heat transfer constitutes a heat receiving portion (206), the liquid inlet portion (202) and the air outlet portion (203) for sealing connection with the air outlet passage (3) are disposed on the housing (201), and the evaporation chamber (204) is formed inside the housing (201) and has a height dimension smaller than a length dimension and a width dimension thereof.
  3. 3. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 2, wherein the liquid inlet portion (202) is disposed on a lower wall of the housing (201), a projection of the liquid inlet portion onto the heat receiving portion (206) is located near a center of the heat receiving portion (206), and the air outlet portion (203) is disposed on an upper wall of the housing (201) and is located at an end portion away from the heat receiving portion (206).
  4. 4. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 2, wherein the liquid inlet portion (202) is disposed on a lower wall of the housing (201), a projection of the liquid inlet portion on the heated portion (206) is located near a center of the heated portion (206), the air outlet portion (203) is also disposed on the lower wall of the housing (201) and is located at an end portion away from the heated portion (206), a partition plate (207) is disposed in the evaporation chamber (204), the partition plate (207) divides the evaporation chamber (204) into at least two flow areas, and a first communication port (2071) is disposed on the partition plate (207) or at a connection portion between an upper end of the partition plate (207) and an upper wall of the housing (201).
  5. 5. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a flow guiding structure is disposed in the evaporation chamber (204), and the flow guiding structure is in communication with the liquid inlet portion (202) and is configured to restrict and guide a flow path of the reflux liquid, so that the reflux liquid forms a directional flow in the evaporation chamber (204) along a predetermined direction under the action of gravity, and continuously washes the heated portion (206).
  6. 6. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 5, wherein a nozzle structure (205) is disposed in the evaporation cavity (204), the nozzle structure (205) is in communication with the liquid inlet portion (202), the nozzle structure (205) includes a plurality of spraying portions, and the spraying portions are respectively disposed corresponding to different areas in the evaporation cavity (204) and are used for distributing and conveying the reflux liquid to the heated portion (206) for multi-area coverage spraying.
  7. 7. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 5, wherein the flow guiding structure comprises a flushing flow passage (208) extending along the length direction of the evaporation cavity, one end of the flushing flow passage (208) is communicated with the liquid inlet portion (202) to receive the reflux liquid, and the other end of the flushing flow passage extends to a region corresponding to the heated portion (206) in the evaporation cavity (204), so that the reflux liquid forms a directional transverse flow along the length direction of the evaporation cavity (204) under the constraint of the flow passage and continuously flushes the heated portion (206).
  8. 8. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid return channel (4) is an external liquid return pipe arranged outside the evaporator (2), one end of the external liquid return pipe is communicated with the condenser (1), and the other end of the external liquid return pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet part (202) arranged at the lower part of the evaporator (2) in a sealing manner.
  9. 9. The gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid return channel (4) is at least partially disposed inside the evaporator (2) and is in communication with the evaporation chamber (204) through a liquid inlet portion (202) disposed at an upper end of the evaporator (2), and a flushing flow channel (208) is formed by a portion of the liquid return channel (4) located inside the evaporator (2) and is used for guiding the return liquid to flow in a direction in the evaporation chamber (204) and flushing the heated portion (206).
  10. 10. The heat source overhead gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system according to claim 1 wherein the liquid filling rate of the evaporation chamber (204) is greater than 50%.

Description

Gravity heat pipe heat exchange system with upper heat source Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange, and particularly relates to a gravity assisted heat pipe heat exchange system with an upper heat source. Background Gravity heat pipe and thermosiphon heat exchange technology are used as a typical passive heat exchange mode for realizing high-efficiency heat transfer based on working medium phase change and gravity reflux, and have been widely applied to the fields of power electronic device heat dissipation, energy storage system heat management, communication equipment temperature control, industrial waste heat recovery and the like because of the advantages of high heat conductivity, good isothermal performance, relatively simple structure, no need of external power driving and the like, the vapor flows to a condenser far away from a heat source under the drive of pressure difference to release heat and condense the heat into liquid, and then returns to an evaporator area along a liquid return channel by means of gravity action, so that a closed circulation heat exchange process is formed, in the long-term engineering application and technical development process, various design ideas including optimizing an evaporation structure, arranging a capillary core, improving a flow channel form, adjusting a system liquid filling rate and the like are formed around the improvement of heat transfer capacity and circulation stability, the adaptability and heat exchange performance of a heat pipe system under different working conditions are improved to a certain extent, and on the premise that liquid return is realized by means of gravity as a whole, a relatively fixed design model exists in the aspects of structural layout and installation mode. In terms of specific structural arrangement, the existing gravity assisted heat pipe or thermosiphon system generally follows the design principle that an evaporator is arranged above a heat source or at least positioned at a relatively low position of the system, and the heat source heats working medium in the evaporator to form steam which is conveyed upwards to a condenser, and then flows back to an evaporation area to complete circulation under the action of gravity by means of condensate. However, as the power electronic equipment and the energy storage system are continuously developed in the directions of high power density, high integration and modularization, the layout and operation and maintenance modes of the internal structure of the equipment are obviously changed, the traditional gravity assisted heat pipe heat dissipation system gradually exposes the problem of insufficient suitability in practical application, in the energy storage cabinet and the power electronic cabinet, in order to improve equipment maintenance efficiency and operation convenience, the power module is usually arranged on the upper part or an easy-to-access area of the cabinet, the cooling structure is more suitable for being arranged on the lower part or the rear side space of the cabinet so as to be beneficial to air flow organization and heat dissipation structure configuration, under the structural requirement, the existing layout mode that the evaporator covers the upper part of the heat source directly occupies the space above the power device, so that the evaporator and a connecting pipeline thereof must be removed in advance when the equipment is maintained, element replacement or troubleshooting is performed, the complexity and time cost of the maintenance process are obviously increased, and the problems of sealing structure failure, connection looseness or part damage and the like are easily caused in the frequent disassembly and assembly process, thereby adverse effects are generated on the operation reliability and service life of the system, and the structural layout mode is also limited to a certain extent, and the reasonable utilization of the internal space of the cabinet is difficult to realize the effective layout of the heat dissipation system. In addition, under the condition that the evaporator is required to be horizontally arranged or the relative position relation between the evaporator and a heat source is changed due to the limitation of the space structure of equipment, the heat exchange performance of the traditional gravity heat pipe system is often obviously reduced, when the evaporation cavity is in a horizontal state and the heat source is positioned above the evaporation cavity, working medium liquid is easy to gather towards the bottom of the evaporation cavity under the action of gravity, and uniform and stable liquid film distribution is difficult to form on a heated surface, so that partial heated area liquid is insufficient in supply and even partial dry phenomenon is caused, the evaporation heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the overall heat transfer capacity of the system is inf