CN-121977397-A - Multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method

CN121977397ACN 121977397 ACN121977397 ACN 121977397ACN-121977397-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method, which relates to the technical field of underground mine blasting engineering and comprises the following steps of S1, blocking a filling body, S2, pre-cracking Kong Chengfeng and S3, wherein the hole is blasted section by section. The invention realizes technical breakthrough through multi-scale characteristics, and effectively solves the problems that the prior art is difficult to control vibration from an explosion source and the obstruction of a propagation path is insufficient. And the filling body is used for constructing an area to block and weaken vibration wave transmission, and a pre-splitting crack is formed by combining a pre-splitting blasting technology to further block vibration. And the detonation time sequence is precisely controlled by adopting a Kong Zhuduan detonation mode, so that the blasting network is optimized to reduce the single-shot explosive quantity.

Inventors

SU WEIHONG
LI ZONGNAN
WANG JUN
XIE JINGPENG
TANG HAODONG
Lu bokai
LIU LISHUN
QIN XINGLANG
MIAO GUOWEI
ZHENG GONGGUAN
CAI XIAODI
PAN MIN
Gu Xuqiu
SHENG HUAN

Assignees

铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司
安徽铜冠产业技术研究院有限责任公司
矿冶科技集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260210

Claims (9)

1. The multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, blocking a filling body, namely, blocking a region filling body for constructing a blasting vibration wave propagation path; S2, pre-cracking Kong Chengfeng, namely constructing a pre-cracking hole on the stope highwall, and detonating the pre-cracking hole in a corresponding area in the same section preferentially when blasting is performed in each production, so as to form a pre-cracking in advance; s3, detonating the main detonating holes section by section, namely detonating the main detonating holes Kong Zhuduan by section.
2. A multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the filler blocking is a stoping method for the same horizontal ore body in the underground mine exploitation process, the stoping is used for preferentially exploiting the outermost stope of the ore body along the plane contour line of the ore body, goafs need to be filled in time in the exploitation process, after exploitation and filling are completed, the filler forms an annular isolation belt surrounding the whole middle section, and the vibration reduction effect of the filler can be fully exerted when the ore body in the annular isolation belt is stoped and blasted.
3. The multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, encrypted pre-splitting blastholes are constructed on both sides of a stope when rock is arranged on both sides of the stope, the pre-splitting blastholes are all main blastholes, the encrypted pre-splitting blastholes are constructed on both sides of the stope when rock is arranged on only one side of the stope, the pre-splitting blastholes are all main blastholes, and the pre-splitting blastholes are not required to be arranged when filling bodies are arranged on both sides of the stope.
4. A multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the step S2, the blasting is performed by adopting a digital electronic detonator, the pre-splitting blastholes are required to be initiated preferentially, the same-section blasting is arranged in each row or each row of pre-splitting blastholes, the interval between the blasting time columns of the pre-splitting blastholes or between the rows is 15-25 ms, the time interval between the pre-splitting blastholes which are finally initiated and the main blastholes is more than 100ms, and the time interval is used for enabling a stope side to form a pre-splitting seam with a certain length.
5. The multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method of claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the main blasthole is blasted by strictly setting the blasting time by adopting a digital electronic detonator, the set blasting time enables the electronic detonator to be blasted precisely in a delayed manner, the main blasthole with more sufficient free surface and compensation space is blasted preferentially according to the arrangement condition of the stope blasthole, the main blasthole is blasted in a single section, the main blasthole starts to blasted more than 100ms after the pre-splitting blasthole is blasted, and the inter-hole interval time of the main blasthole is 15 ms-25 ms.
6. A multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, the main blastholes in the same row are blasted in a blasting order prior to the main blastholes in the middle part of the stope, and the main blastholes near the filling body side are blasted finally.
7. A multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method according to claim 2, wherein slag clinker-free composite cementing material is adopted for filling to replace cement used conventionally, a layered filling process is introduced into the construction of the annular isolation belt, a high-concentration filling body is adopted as a bottom layer of the layered filling process to form a rigid framework, and a low-concentration filling body is adopted as an upper layer of the layered filling process to form a buffer layer.
8. The method for reducing vibration of multi-scale blasting according to claim 6, wherein the detonation adopts an intelligent detonation algorithm based on a free surface state, the detonation sequence is automatically adjusted according to the free surface size and the compensation space monitored in real time through the intelligent detonation algorithm, the intelligent detonation algorithm adopts a center advance strategy in a middle area of a stope, and the intelligent detonation algorithm adopts an edge decrease strategy in an area close to a filling body.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the annular isolation belt adopts a gradient filling material proportioning technology, the gradient filling material proportioning technology adjusts the particle size distribution of filling materials and the proportion of cementing agent according to the vibration wave attenuation requirements of different areas of a mining body, the area close to the mining field vibration source adopts coarse aggregate accounting for 60% and high-strength cementing agent, and the area far away from the mining field vibration source adopts fine aggregate accounting for 40% and low-viscosity cementing agent.

Description

Multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of underground mine blasting engineering, in particular to a multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method. Background In the exploitation of underground mines, explosive blasts are often used to produce caving ores. In the process, the explosive is exploded in the rock-soil medium to generate explosion vibration waves, which is one of main hazard factors in the underground mine engineering explosion. Part of the energy released by explosive blasting is used for completing blasting and breaking, the other part of the energy is transmitted in a rock-soil medium in the form of blasting vibration waves, surrounding buildings can vibrate, when the vibration intensity reaches a certain threshold value, the conditions of cracking, damage, landslide and the like of the buildings can be caused, the stability and bearing capacity of the buildings are lost, the structural stability and the safety of the buildings around blasting are easily and negatively influenced, and serious safety risks are formed for nearby personnel and equipment safety. Therefore, weakening and controlling the amplitude and propagation of blasting vibration waves is a technical problem that is currently in urgent need of solving in the production process of underground mines. The control of the conventional blasting vibration wave mainly comprises means of reducing the explosive loading, reducing the single-shot maximum blasting explosive, optimizing the blasting network, adjusting the delay blasting time, optimizing blasting parameters and the like, so that the maximum peak speed of the blasting vibration wave can be effectively reduced, and a pre-cracking blasting method is mainly adopted on the propagation path to form a pre-cracking crack, so that the propagation of the blasting vibration wave is controlled. However, in research and application of various control techniques, the vibration reduction effect of the filling body serving as a geological medium in an underground mine is often neglected. In the existing research, the stope filling body has a remarkable weakening mechanism for the propagation of the blasting vibration wave, and compared with the propagation in the rock, the blasting vibration wave propagates in the filling body with larger attenuation amplitude. Related patent inventions relate to blasting vibration wave treatment generated by explosion, and specifically the following steps are included: The invention discloses a vibration-damping blasting method for a tunnel, which relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprises the following steps of 1, determining a contour line and a central line of a tunnel excavation surface through a mapping instrument, dividing the excavation surface into an upper step, a middle step and a lower step, marking a blasthole position according to a blasthole design drawing, forming a blasthole layout drawing on the excavation surface, 2, drilling according to the blasthole layout drawing, wherein the blasthole of the upper step comprises a cut hole, an auxiliary hole, a peripheral hole and a bottom plate hole which are sequentially detonated, the blastholes of the middle step and the lower step comprise auxiliary holes and peripheral holes, 3, sequentially blasting the upper step, the middle step and the lower step according to the detonation sequence of the blasting design, wherein the peripheral holes adopt smooth blasting, and 4, after blasting, excavating the current blasting section along the longitudinal extension direction of the tunnel. The aim at of this patent is solved current tunnel construction and is adopted traditional blasting mode, causes the destruction to adjacent building easily and influences, has reduced tunnel construction tunnelling efficiency's problem. However, in the above prior patent, although the conventional blasting method is adopted in the prior tunnel construction, the damage to adjacent buildings is easily caused, and the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel construction is reduced. However, in the existing method, vibration reduction is realized only through sub-blasting of upper steps, middle steps and lower steps and smooth blasting, so that the vibration speed is limited in amplitude reduction, the detonation time sequence is optimized and coarsely set, the vibration main frequency cannot be adjusted in a targeted manner, the fixed blasthole layout cannot adapt to asymmetric geological conditions, and the real-time vibration monitoring and parameter dynamic adjustment mechanism is lacked, so that the construction efficiency is easily reduced. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a multi-scale blasting vibration reduction method which is used for solving the problem that blasting vibration wave propagation is not well controlled in the prior art. The invention utilizes the weakening effect of the filling body o