CN-121977491-A - Elbow appearance size measuring equipment and measuring method

CN121977491ACN 121977491 ACN121977491 ACN 121977491ACN-121977491-A

Abstract

The invention discloses elbow appearance dimension measuring equipment and a measuring method, which comprise a working platform for placing an elbow to be measured and are characterized by further comprising a translation device capable of moving in all directions on the upper end face of the working platform, wherein a vertical screw rod is arranged on the translation device, a nut pair capable of moving up and down along the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod, a distance measuring device capable of rotating along the nut pair is arranged on the nut pair, the screw rod is connected with a power device for driving the screw rod to rotate, and the power device, the translation device and the distance measuring device are all connected with a controller.

Inventors

LI YONGGUANG
QIN XIAOLIANG
WANG QING
LIN WEI
JIANG SENWEI
REN DONGHUI
ZHOU KUN

Assignees

河南华电金源管道有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260122

Claims (8)

1. The elbow appearance dimension measuring equipment comprises a working platform for placing an elbow to be measured and is characterized by further comprising a translation device capable of moving in all directions on the upper end face of the working platform, wherein a vertical screw rod is arranged on the translation device, a nut pair capable of moving up and down along the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod, and a distance measuring device capable of rotating along the nut pair is arranged on the nut pair; the lead screw is connected with a power device for driving the lead screw to rotate, and the power device, the translation device and the distance measuring device are all connected with a controller.
2. A method for measuring the external dimensions of an elbow, using the measuring device of claim 1, comprising the steps of: S1, measuring actual diameters D1 and D2 at two ends of an elbow to be tested, calculating deviation values of the actual diameters D1 and D2 and a theoretical diameter D, if all the deviation values accord with the actual diameters D1 and D2, carrying out S2, and if any item does not accord with the deviation values, prompting the elbow to be tested to be a defective product to be repaired; S2, searching a neutral plane of the elbow to be tested; S3, calculating whether the deviation value of the neutral plane meets the requirement, if so, carrying out S4, and if not, prompting the elbow to be tested as a defective product to be repaired; s4, searching a theoretical circle center O2 of the elbow to be detected; S5, searching an actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be tested according to the theoretical circle center O2 of the step S2; s6, measuring an actual central angle alpha, an actual inner radius r, an actual first straight section length A1 and an actual second straight section length A2 of the elbow to be measured; S7, calculating whether the deviation value of the actual central angle alpha and the theoretical central angle, the deviation value of the actual inner radius r and the theoretical inner radius, the deviation value of the actual first straight section length A1 and the theoretical first straight section length and the deviation value of the actual second straight section length A2 and the theoretical second straight section length meet the requirements or not, if all the deviation values meet the requirements, performing S8, and if any one of the deviation values does not meet the requirements, prompting that the elbow to be tested is a defective product to be repaired; S8, calculating the structural dimensions L1 and L2 of the elbow to be measured.
3. The method for measuring the external dimension of the elbow according to claim 2, wherein the step S2 further comprises the steps of: S21, the distance measuring device rotates to face the elbow to be measured; s22, the nut pair drives the distance measuring device to move up and down, in the process, the heights Z1, Z2 and Z3 of the nut pair are recorded until Zn, when the nut pair is positioned at Z1, Z2, Z3 and Zn respectively, the distance between the distance measuring device and the inner wall of the elbow to be measured is measured, and the distances are respectively marked as B1, B2 and B3 until Bn; S23, identifying the minimum B value, marking the minimum B value as B, and marking the Z value corresponding to the minimum B value as 1 in Z; s24, on the premise of ensuring that the distance measuring device faces the elbow to be measured, controlling the distance measuring device to rotate, carrying out steps S21-S23 once when the distance measuring device rotates for one angle, and respectively obtaining a plurality of neutral plane Z values, wherein the Z values are respectively marked as 2 in Z, 3 in Z and n in Z; S25, calculating 1 in Z, 2 in Z and 3 in Z which are obtained in the steps S23 and S24 until the average value Z of n in Z is reached, wherein the height of the nut pair in Z is the neutral plane of the elbow to be measured.
4. A method for measuring the external dimensions of an elbow according to claim 3, wherein said step S3 further comprises the steps of: And comparing the neutral plane height with the theoretical standard in the Z to obtain a deviation value, and comparing the deviation value with the inspection standard, if the deviation value is larger than the inspection standard, the inspection requirement is not met, and if the deviation value is smaller than the inspection standard, the inspection requirement is met.
5. The method for measuring the external dimension of the elbow according to claim 2, wherein the step S4 further comprises the steps of: S41, defining the lower end face of the elbow to be measured as an X axis, defining the right end face of the elbow to be measured as a Y axis, defining the intersection point of the X axis and the Y axis as an origin, and controlling the distance measuring device to move to a fourth quadrant of a coordinate system formed by the origin, the X axis and the Y axis; s42, controlling the distance measuring device to reversely move along the X axis until the coordinate of the X axis direction is 0; s43, controlling the distance measuring device to move along the positive direction of the Y axis until the coordinate of the Y axis direction is 0; S44, controlling forward movement of the distance measuring device along the Y axis, wherein the movement distance is a1, controlling reverse movement of the distance measuring device along the X axis, and the movement distance is a2, wherein the distance measuring device is positioned at a theoretical circle center O2 of the elbow to be measured, wherein a1 is the theoretical first straight section length of the elbow to be measured, and a2 is the theoretical second straight section length of the elbow to be measured.
6. The method for measuring the external dimension of an elbow according to claim 5, wherein said step S5 further comprises the steps of: S51, drawing a detection circle with a radius S by taking a theoretical circle center O2 as a circle center, and drawing a plurality of horizontal lines and vertical lines in the detection circle, wherein the distances between two adjacent horizontal lines and two vertical lines are consistent, and the value of S is the maximum allowable deviation value of the actual circle center of the elbow to be detected relative to the theoretical circle center; S52, controlling the distance measuring device to move to the intersection of one horizontal line and one vertical line, controlling the distance measuring device to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise, sequentially measuring distances r1, r2 and r3 from the inner wall of the elbow to be measured to rn in the rotating process, and calculating variances rsigma 1 from the data r1, r2 and r3 to rn; S53, controlling the distance measuring device to sequentially move to all cross points of the transverse lines and the vertical lines, running the step S52 once when the distance measuring device moves to one cross point, calculating according to the steps, and when the distance measuring device is positioned at each cross point, measuring the variance value of the distance data set of the distance between the distance measuring device and the inner wall of the elbow to be measured, and sequentially marking the variance value as r sigma 1, r sigma 2, r sigma 3 to r sigma n; s54, comparing r sigma 1, r sigma 2 and r sigma 3 until the minimum value in r sigma n, and recording the position of the intersection point where the distance measuring device is located when the data set of the minimum value is obtained, and marking the position as the actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be measured.
7. The method for measuring the external dimension of an elbow according to claim 6, wherein said step S6 further comprises the steps of: S61, when the actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be measured where the distance measuring device is located is marked, a recorded distance data set of the distance between the distance measuring device and the inner wall of the elbow to be measured is calculated, and average values r of the data sets are calculated, wherein r is the actual radius of the elbow to be measured; s62, when the actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be measured where the distance measuring device is located is recorded, measuring the rotating angles of distances r1, r2 and r3 from the inner wall of the elbow to be measured until rn, wherein the rotating angles are the actual circle center angle alpha of the elbow to be measured; s63, controlling the distance measuring device to move to the actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be measured, controlling the distance measuring device to rotate to an angle where r1 is measured, and then controlling the distance measuring device to move reversely along the Y axis to obtain the actual first straight section length A1 of the elbow to be measured; S64, controlling the distance measuring device to move to the actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be measured, controlling the distance measuring device to rotate to an angle where rn is measured, and then controlling the distance measuring device to move forward along the X axis to obtain the actual second straight section length A2 of the elbow to be measured.
8. The method for measuring the external dimensions of an elbow according to claim 7, wherein the calculation formula in the step S8 is l1=l2=r×tan (α/2); Wherein R= (D1+D2)/2+r is the actual radius obtained in the step S6; Alpha is the actual central angle obtained in step S6.

Description

Elbow appearance size measuring equipment and measuring method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of elbow production, processing and measurement, in particular to an elbow appearance size measurement device and a measurement method. Background The elbow and the bent pipe are pipe fittings for changing the direction of the pipeline, and are widely applied to the design and construction of various industrial pipelines. At present, the processing method of the elbow mainly comprises two modes of casting and bending a straight pipe, wherein the casting precision is higher, but the cost is higher, and the method is mainly used for the elbow with smaller diameter. The bending cost is lower, and the bending process is applicable to elbows with full-diameter sizes (namely, the diameters are all applicable from large to small), but when bending large-diameter straight pipes, the bending precision cannot be ensured by the existing bending process, namely, the actually manufactured elbows have certain deviation in various sizes compared with the expected theoretical sizes. According to different use scenes and working environments, the maximum allowable deviation value of the actually manufactured elbow is different from that of the theoretical standard elbow. To ensure accuracy of installation, it is often necessary to measure the actual bend angle, bend radius, and other structural dimensions of the elbow. Currently common measurement methods include direct observation, manual measurement, lofting measurement, etc., with traditional manual measurement still being the most common way at present. The traditional manual measurement usually uses a large angle ruler or a digital display protractor, and the angle ruler or the digital display protractor is clamped on port planes at two ends of the elbow to read angle values, and then conversion is carried out. The method has the advantages of simple tool, low cost, obvious defects that the measurement result is easily influenced by the processing quality of the port, the repeatability is poor, the method depends on the experience of operators, the labor intensity is high, the precision is limited, and the accurate measurement is difficult to realize especially for large-specification elbows. The patent with the application number of CN201911307760.6 discloses a high-precision measuring tool and a measuring method for the angle of a pipeline elbow, and although the measurement of the surface of the pipeline is realized, the measuring process still needs a plurality of persons to carry out the cooperation operation, and meanwhile, the measuring content cannot be uploaded to a control terminal in real time, so that the later-stage tracing is inconvenient. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide the elbow appearance size measuring equipment and the elbow appearance size measuring method, which have the advantages of high automation degree, high measuring speed, high working efficiency, capability of effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers, high precision and comprehensiveness, capability of acquiring complete size data, more reliable and easy-to-store result and traceability. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The elbow appearance dimension measuring equipment comprises a working platform for placing an elbow to be measured, and further comprises a translation device capable of moving in all directions on the upper end face of the working platform, wherein a vertical screw rod is arranged on the translation device, a nut pair capable of moving up and down along the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod, and a distance measuring device capable of rotating along the nut pair is arranged on the nut pair; the lead screw is connected with a power device for driving the lead screw to rotate, and the power device, the translation device and the distance measuring device are all connected with a controller. Preferably, the application also provides a method for measuring the appearance size of the elbow, which uses the measuring equipment and comprises the following steps: S1, measuring actual diameters D1 and D2 at two ends of an elbow to be tested, calculating deviation values of the actual diameters D1 and D2 and a theoretical diameter D, if all the deviation values accord with the actual diameters D1 and D2, carrying out S2, and if any item does not accord with the deviation values, prompting the elbow to be tested to be a defective product to be repaired; S2, searching a neutral plane of the elbow to be tested; S3, calculating whether the deviation value of the neutral plane meets the requirement, if so, carrying out S4, and if not, prompting the elbow to be tested as a defective product to be repaired; s4, searching a theoretical circle center O2 of the elbow to be detected; S5, searching an actual circle center O3 of the elbow to be tested according to the theo