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CN-121977714-A - Multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for deep sea environment

CN121977714ACN 121977714 ACN121977714 ACN 121977714ACN-121977714-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for a deep sea environment, which comprises a sensing node array formed by a plurality of sensing nodes, a plurality of flexible interconnection wires and a main control node, wherein all the sensing nodes are electrically connected with the main control node after being connected in series through the flexible interconnection wires, each sensing node comprises a ratio type temperature measuring module and a 1-Wire bridging chip, the main control node comprises a 1-Wire main control chip and an MCU, the flexible interconnection wires are serpentine wires, the ratio type temperature measuring module collects sampling signals and transmits the sampling signals to the 1-Wire main control chip through the 1-Wire bridging chip, and the MCU obtains the temperature at the node according to the sampling signals of each sensing node. The flexible temperature sensor array system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and insensitive pressure, and can reliably realize the real-time monitoring of the multipoint temperature in the deep sea environment.

Inventors

  • ZHANG BOWEN
  • DONG YUHAO
  • MEI YUNHUI
  • FENG YUANSONG
  • YANG YANG

Assignees

  • 天津工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260123

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment is characterized by comprising a sensing node array formed by a plurality of sensing nodes (1) which are arranged in an array manner, a plurality of flexible interconnection wires (2) and a master control node (3), wherein all the sensing nodes (1) of the sensing node array are electrically connected with the master control node (3) after being connected in series through the flexible interconnection wires (2), and the master control node (3) and all the sensing nodes (1) construct a master multi-slave communication architecture based on a 1-Wire protocol; The sensing node (1) is provided with a ratio type temperature measuring module to collect temperature signals, the temperature signals are sent to the main control node (3) through a main multi-slave communication framework based on a 1-Wire protocol, and the main control node (3) is provided with an MCU (10) for processing; the components of the sensing node (1) and the main control node (3) are arranged in a transverse dislocation, non-collinear distribution and corner diagonal arrangement avoiding manner; The sensing node array, the flexible interconnection wires (2) and the main control nodes (3) are arranged on the flexible circuit board and are encapsulated by the flexible encapsulation layer (4).
  2. 2. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for a deep sea environment according to claim 1, wherein any two spatially adjacent sensing nodes (1) in the sensing node array are electrically and mechanically connected by at least one flexible interconnect wire (2) or mechanically connected by at least one flexible interconnect wire (2) such that the multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system has biaxial stretching properties.
  3. 3. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the sensor node array, the sensor nodes (1) are arranged in a rectangular array and are connected in series in a serpentine wiring mode through flexible interconnection wires (2), the extending direction of the serpentine wiring is used as a first direction, the periodic turning direction perpendicular to the first direction is used as a second direction, any two adjacent sensor nodes (1) are electrically connected through three independent flexible interconnection wires (2) in the first direction, and any two adjacent sensor nodes (1) are mechanically connected through two independent flexible interconnection wires (2) in the second direction.
  4. 4. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment according to claim 1, wherein the ratio temperature measuring module of the sensing node (1) comprises a ratio analog measuring circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion chip, the ratio analog measuring circuit adopts a series circuit composed of a thermistor (5) and a reference resistor (6), and the analog-to-digital conversion chip synchronously collects voltage signals at two ends of the thermistor (5) and two ends of the reference resistor (6) and transmits the voltage signals as sampling signals to the main control node (3).
  5. 5. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for a deep sea environment according to claim 4, wherein the MCU (10) calculates the temperature at the node by substituting a temperature-ratio relation after calibration fitting, which is obtained by performing multi-point calibration on the sensing node under a known temperature environment, according to the ratio of the voltage across the thermistor (5) to the voltage across the reference resistor (6).
  6. 6. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for deep sea environment according to claim 4, wherein a power input port of an analog-to-digital conversion chip is electrically connected with a power output port of the master multi-slave communication architecture based on 1-Wire protocol, the analog-to-digital conversion chip is powered, the turn-off and the start of the analog-to-digital conversion chip are controlled, the analog-to-digital conversion chip is used for sampling output signals of a ratio analog measurement circuit, and an excitation signal of the ratio analog measurement circuit is provided by an external excitation voltage and is used for providing synchronous measurement excitation for a thermistor (5) and a reference resistor (6).
  7. 7. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment according to claim 1, wherein the master multi-slave communication architecture based on the 1-Wire protocol comprises a master control node (3) provided with a 1-Wire master control chip (8), a sensing node (1) provided with a 1-Wire bridge chip (7) connected with a ratio temperature measuring module, the 1-Wire bridge chips (7) of all the sensing nodes (1) are connected in series to the 1-Wire master control chip (8) through flexible interconnection wires (2), and the 1-Wire master control chip (8) is connected with an MCU (10) of the master control node (3).
  8. 8. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for deep sea environments according to claim 7, wherein the master control node (3) further comprises a Flash chip (9), the Flash chip (9) is in communication connection with the 1-Wire master control chip (8) and is used for receiving and buffering sampling signals of each sensing node (1) from the 1-Wire master control chip (8).
  9. 9. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that a power switch is arranged on a power distribution path of a main control node (3), after data acquisition, communication and storage operations are completed in the working process, an MCU (10) controls the power switch through a serial port, power supply of all functional chips except the MCU (10) is turned off, the MCU (10) enters a low-power sleep mode, only a real-time clock RTC module is reserved for supplying power to maintain a time reference, when a preset sampling interval is reached, the real-time clock RTC module triggers the MCU (10) to wake up, the MCU (10) turns on the power supply of the off-chip functional chips through the power switch again, and the MCU enters a working state to complete a new round of data acquisition and communication operations.
  10. 10. The multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for the deep sea environment according to claim 1, wherein the components of the sensing node (1) and the main control node (3) adopt a layout mode of transverse dislocation, non-collinear distribution and corner diagonal prevention, and the layout mode is obtained by analyzing stress concentration and package interface shear stress distribution under the high-pressure loading condition of the deep sea environment through finite element simulation.

Description

Multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for deep sea environment Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-point monitoring flexible temperature sensor array system for a deep sea environment. Background The deep sea temperature is an important parameter in ocean observation, and acquiring temperature data of different depths and positions has a key meaning for researching ocean environment changes. However, achieving multi-point temperature monitoring in deep sea extreme environments (high hydrostatic pressure, high salinity corrosion, microbial fouling) faces a number of challenges. The existing ocean multipoint temperature monitoring system mainly comprises two structural forms, namely a rigid node tandem type scheme and a flexible cable type scheme. The rigid structure generally adopts a plurality of temperature measuring nodes which are independently packaged and distributed on structures such as an anchor system, a submerged buoy, a cable and the like, and each node has independent acquisition and storage capacity and is commonly used for water column temperature profile recording and long-term anchoring observation. The flexible cable system embeds a plurality of temperature sensing units into one flexible cable, sensing nodes can be uniformly or custom-distributed, the whole structure has certain bending flexibility, the flexible cable system is suitable for curved surface attachment or vertical profile layout, the system performs unified control and data acquisition through main control equipment, and part of the system can expand other parameter measurement functions and is widely applied to scenes such as lake layering, thermocline monitoring, deep sea scientific observation and the like. Therefore, although the existing multipoint temperature monitoring system plays a certain role in marine applications such as anchorage profile observation, water column layering monitoring and the like, the structural design and the system integration mode of the system are still biased towards rigidization and modularized splicing, and the requirements of high-density and conformal deployment of complex curved surfaces are difficult to meet. Most products adopt independent packaged rigid temperature measuring nodes, the nodes are installed in series through cables or mechanical modes, and each node has fixed size and weight and does not have deformation adaptability. The structure makes the sensor only be arranged on a regular path or a cable, lacks adaptability to the appearance of a non-planar structure such as a cylindrical shell, a submarine pipeline or a submarine, and cannot realize the attached detection of a local thermal field. The traditional sensor array usually needs a plurality of watertight connectors and lead wires to pass through a cabin in the actual layout process, and the system circuit is complex and is easily influenced by interface faults and seawater penetration. With the increase of the number of nodes, the wiring burden of the system is multiplied, the drag resistance and the wind risk are synchronously improved, and the system is difficult to be suitable for the monitoring requirements in the long-time unattended or complex dynamic environment. In addition, signal attenuation and noise interference may be caused by long-distance wiring. Particularly in the case of analog signal transmission, cables of hundreds of meters length can significantly weaken the amplitude of the temperature signal and introduce disturbances, making it difficult to guarantee the measurement accuracy. In complex deep sea environments, power supply of the multipoint sensing system is also a major challenge. If the power line is independently laid for each sensing node, the number of cables is huge and the energy loss is serious, and the problems of insufficient electric quantity and difficult replacement during long-period deployment are considered when the battery is used for power supply. In long-term continuous operation in deep sea, how to stably supply power to a plurality of distributed sensing nodes and avoid measurement errors caused by voltage drop is a problem to be solved in the current engineering. In addition, long term deployment in deep sea environments requires extremely high stability and accuracy of the sensor. The existing temperature sensor often has measurement drift and phenomenon when working for a long time under high pressure and low temperature conditions. For example, the sensing element is very sensitive to deep sea pressure, and may generate additional errors due to pressure coupling, and the power supply voltage may drift under the condition of low temperature, which results in reduced temperature measurement accuracy. In the multi-point array, if each sensing node lacks a consistent self-calibration capability, the data credibility between different measuring points is dif