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CN-121977740-A - Multi-range pressure meter self-adaptive switching system and method based on time sequence feature perception

CN121977740ACN 121977740 ACN121977740 ACN 121977740ACN-121977740-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of instrument and meter and process measurement, in particular to a multi-range pressure meter self-adaptive switching system and method based on time sequence feature perception, wherein the system comprises a data acquisition module for generating a smooth pressure time sequence signal in real time; the time sequence feature sensing module receives a smooth pressure time sequence signal and generates a pressure prediction trend signal of a future short-time window based on pressure change trend features, the self-adaptive decision module compares the pressure prediction trend signal with a preset current range threshold range, the switching execution module responds to a pre-switching trigger signal when a switching locking signal is in an unlocking state and outputs the pre-switching trigger signal to the multi-range sensor group to complete switching of a working channel, and the data fusion module carries out weighted fusion processing on two paths of output signals according to a switching process state signal provided by the switching execution module. The invention can solve the problem of switching hysteresis of the existing pressure measurement system when facing pressure transient working conditions.

Inventors

  • LI YONGJUN

Assignees

  • 莱州耀胜自动化设备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. Multi-range pressure gauge self-adaptive switching system based on time sequence feature perception is characterized by comprising: The data acquisition module generates a smooth pressure time sequence signal in real time; The time sequence feature sensing module receives the smooth pressure time sequence signal, calculates pressure change trend features according to a historical data sequence in a preset time window, and generates a pressure prediction trend signal of a short-time window in the future based on the pressure change trend features; The self-adaptive decision module compares the pressure prediction trend signal with a preset current range threshold range, generates a pre-switching trigger signal when the pressure value is predicted to exceed the current range, and generates a switching locking signal according to the fluctuation state of the smooth pressure time sequence signal; The switching execution module responds to the pre-switching trigger signal when the switching locking signal is in an unlocking state, generates a channel switching control signal and outputs the channel switching control signal to a multi-range sensor group to finish switching of a working channel; And the data fusion module performs weighted fusion processing on the two paths of output signals according to the switching process state signals provided by the switching execution module, generates continuous and smooth fusion pressure measurement signals and outputs the continuous and smooth fusion pressure measurement signals.
  2. 2. The multi-range pressure gauge adaptive switching system based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion subunit and a digital filtering subunit, the analog-to-digital conversion subunit receives an original analog voltage signal from a multi-range sensor group and converts the original analog voltage signal into an original digital pressure signal, the digital filtering subunit receives the original digital pressure signal and performs smoothing processing on the original digital pressure signal by adopting a sliding window averaging algorithm, high-frequency noise and random spike interference are eliminated, a smooth pressure time sequence signal with continuity and stability is generated, and the smooth pressure time sequence signal is respectively transmitted to the time sequence feature perception module and the adaptive decision module as basic analysis data.
  3. 3. The multi-range pressure gauge self-adaptive switching system based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 1, wherein a time sequence analysis unit and a trend prediction unit are arranged in the time sequence feature perception module, the time sequence analysis unit receives the smooth pressure time sequence signal and extracts pressure values of a plurality of continuous sampling points in a preset time window to form a historical data sequence, differential operation is carried out on the historical data sequence to obtain a pressure change rate feature, differential operation is carried out on the pressure change rate feature again to obtain a pressure change acceleration feature, the trend prediction unit receives the pressure change rate feature and the pressure change acceleration feature and builds a short-time prediction model based on a linear extrapolation method, and a pressure prediction trend signal containing future pressure trend information is generated and transmitted to the self-adaptive decision module.
  4. 4. The multi-range pressure gauge adaptive switching system based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 1, wherein a trend comparing unit and a fluctuation analyzing unit are arranged in the adaptive decision module, the trend comparing unit receives the pressure prediction trend signal and compares a future pressure peak value indicated in the pressure prediction trend signal with an upper limit threshold value and a lower limit threshold value corresponding to a current working range, a pre-switching trigger signal is generated when the future pressure peak value exceeds the upper limit threshold value or is lower than the lower limit threshold value, the fluctuation analyzing unit receives the smooth pressure time sequence signal and calculates a variance value or a limit value of the smooth pressure time sequence signal in a continuous time window, and when the variance value or the limit value exceeds a preset stability limit, the current pressure is judged to be in a severe fluctuation state and a switching locking signal is generated so as to temporarily shield the pre-switching trigger signal.
  5. 5. The multi-range pressure gauge adaptive switching system based on time series feature sensing according to claim 4, wherein the fluctuation analysis unit dynamically adjusts the duration of the switching lock signal according to the fluctuation feature of the smooth pressure time series signal, and when an increase in the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation or an increase in the fluctuation frequency is detected, the effective duration of the switching lock signal is prolonged, and when a gradual trend of the pressure fluctuation is detected, the effective duration of the switching lock signal is shortened or the switching lock signal is directly released, thereby avoiding triggering an ineffective switching due to a single pressure fluctuation crossing a threshold value during a transient change of the pressure, and ensuring that the system performs a switching operation only when the pressure trend is truly changed and the fluctuation is stable.
  6. 6. The adaptive switching system of the multi-range pressure gauge based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 1, wherein a switching logic control unit and a driving signal generation unit are arranged in the switching execution module, the switching logic control unit receives the pre-switching trigger signal and the switching locking signal simultaneously, responds to the pre-switching trigger signal only when the switching locking signal is in an inactive state, and generates a switching instruction according to a currently working sensor channel number and a target sensor channel number, and the driving signal generation unit receives the switching instruction and converts the switching instruction into a channel switching control signal with driving capability, and outputs the channel switching control signal to an electronic switching element in a multi-range sensor group so as to complete physical switching of a measurement channel.
  7. 7. The adaptive switching system of the multi-range pressure gauge based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 6, wherein the switching execution module further generates a switching process state signal and transmits the switching process state signal to the data fusion module in real time, the switching process state signal comprises a switching start time mark, a switching in-process mark and a switching completion time mark, the data fusion module dynamically adjusts a fusion weight coefficient according to different stages of the switching process state signal, the current working sensor is given a weight higher than that of the target sensor in the switching start stage, the current working sensor weight is gradually reduced and the target sensor weight is synchronously increased in the switching progress stage, and the output signal of the target sensor is completely adopted in the switching completion stage.
  8. 8. The self-adaptive switching system of the multi-range pressure gauge based on time sequence feature perception according to claim 1, wherein a dual-channel receiving unit and a weighted calculating unit are arranged in the data fusion module, the dual-channel receiving unit is respectively connected with a first range sensor and a second range sensor in the multi-range sensor group, real-time pressure measurement signals output by the two sensors are received at the same time, the weighted calculating unit determines a first weight coefficient and a second weight coefficient according to a switching process state signal provided by the switching executing module, and the two real-time pressure measurement signals are respectively multiplied by the corresponding weight coefficients and then summed up to generate a fused pressure measurement signal without jump in the switching process and output to an external display or control system.
  9. 9. The adaptive switching system of the multi-range pressure gauge based on time sequence feature sensing according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive decision module continues to monitor the pressure prediction trend signal provided by the time sequence feature sensing module after generating the pre-switching trigger signal, and when the situation that the pressure change trend is reversed and the future pressure value returns to the current range is detected, the pre-switching trigger signal is cancelled before the switching execution module has not completed the switching action, so that switching caused by rapid fall-back after the pressure is briefly fluctuated is avoided, and the adaptive capacity and switching accuracy of the system under the complex pressure change environment are further improved.
  10. 10. The method of a time series feature aware-based multi-range pressure gauge adaptive switching system of any of claims 1-9, comprising: s1, generating a smooth pressure time sequence signal in real time; s2, receiving the smooth pressure time sequence signal, calculating pressure change trend characteristics according to a historical data sequence in a preset time window, and generating a pressure prediction trend signal of a future short-time window based on the pressure change trend characteristics; s3, comparing the pressure prediction trend signal with a preset current range threshold range, generating a pre-switching trigger signal when the pressure value is predicted to exceed the current range, and generating a switching locking signal according to the fluctuation state of the smooth pressure time sequence signal; s4, responding to the pre-switching trigger signal when the switching locking signal is in an unlocking state, generating a channel switching control signal, and outputting the channel switching control signal to a multi-range sensor group to finish switching of a working channel; And S5, carrying out weighted fusion processing on the two paths of output signals according to the switching process state signals provided by the switching execution module, generating continuous and smooth fusion pressure measurement signals and outputting the continuous and smooth fusion pressure measurement signals.

Description

Multi-range pressure meter self-adaptive switching system and method based on time sequence feature perception Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of instruments and meters and process measurement, in particular to a multi-range pressure gauge self-adaptive switching system and method based on time sequence feature perception. Background In the field of industrial process control and automated measurement, pressure gauges are important meters for monitoring the pressure of a gas or liquid. In practical industrial application, the pressure of the measured medium often fluctuates in a larger range, and the single-range pressure gauge is difficult to meet the requirements of small pressure measurement precision and large pressure measurement range at the same time, so that a multi-range pressure measurement system is generated. In the prior art, a multi-range pressure measurement system is generally constructed by adopting a mode of connecting a plurality of sensors with different ranges in parallel or in series, and a sensor channel of the current access system is selected through an electronic switch or a mechanical valve group. In the traditional range switching control method, the system monitors the output value of the current sensor in real time, and when the output value is detected to exceed a preset threshold value, the system triggers a switching action to switch the measuring channel to a sensor with a larger range, or switches back to a sensor with a smaller range when the pressure falls back into the range with the smaller range. This current value-triggered switching approach belongs to a typical reactive control, and is essentially performed after the pressure has exceeded the limit, which inevitably leads to a switching action that lags behind the pressure change, possibly causing measurement interruption and even damaging the small-range sensor during transients with rapid pressure rise. In addition, pressure signals in an actual industrial environment are often superimposed with various noise interference and instantaneous pulsation components, when pressure values fluctuate around a threshold value, a simple comparison logic based on the current values is very easy to cause the system to frequently switch back and forth between high and low ranges, namely a so-called ping-pong effect, and the frequent switching not only affects the measurement continuity, but also accelerates the abrasion of a switching executing mechanism and reduces the reliability of the system. In order to solve the problem of frequent switching, a hysteresis comparison circuit or a software hysteresis algorithm is introduced in part of the prior art, namely, a hysteresis interval is arranged near a threshold value, switching is triggered only when a pressure value continuously crosses the boundary of the hysteresis interval, and the method inhibits jitter near a critical point to a certain extent, but still cannot solve the hysteresis problem when the pressure is rapidly changed, and cannot fundamentally distinguish real pressure trend change from instantaneous interference. There are few prior arts that adopt a mode of simultaneous acquisition and segmented output of sensor signals, but data jump still exists at the moment of switching, so that seamless transition of measured values cannot be realized. Therefore, how to predict future trend, how to stabilize decision in interference environment, and how to realize data smoothing of switching process according to the historical change rule of pressure becomes a key problem to be solved in the technical field of multi-range pressure measurement. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-range pressure gauge adaptive switching system and method based on time sequence feature sensing, which are used for solving the problems of switching hysteresis, frequent switching caused by easy fluctuation interference and data jump in switching process existing in the existing pressure measurement system when facing pressure transient working conditions. According to the invention, the pressure change trend is predicted by constructing a time sequence feature sensing mechanism, a switching decision is executed in advance before the actual pressure out-of-limit, meanwhile, a fluctuation analysis is introduced to generate a switching locking signal so as to inhibit interference, and the multi-path sensor signals are weighted and fused in the switching process, so that the stable self-adaptive switching of the measuring range is realized. The invention provides a multi-range pressure gauge self-adaptive switching system based on time sequence feature perception, which comprises: the data acquisition module generates a smooth pressure time sequence signal in real time; the time sequence feature sensing module receives the smooth pressure time sequence signal, calculates pressur