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CN-121977763-A - Method for improving air tightness detection precision of building outer door and window

CN121977763ACN 121977763 ACN121977763 ACN 121977763ACN-121977763-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the air tightness detection precision of an outer door and window of a building, and relates to the technical field of performance detection of doors and windows of the building, comprising the following steps of test piece installation and system pre-sealing, sealing state verification and quantification, additional air permeability measurement, total air permeability measurement and test piece real permeability calculation; according to the invention, by means of the three-layer arc-shaped self-sealing structure and designing a unique air guide hole and flow monitoring system, real-time, online and quantitative verification of sealing efficiency of key sealing parts of the detection equipment in a pressurized state is realized, the system background leakage is controlled to be in a quantifiable and extremely low level before each formal detection, the accuracy of a detection reference is improved from the source, and a more scientific and solid data base is provided for building energy conservation evaluation and engineering quality control.

Inventors

  • LUAN ZHONGHAO
  • CUI NING
  • LIU DI
  • CHU MINGYU

Assignees

  • 北京市建设工程质量第三检测所有限责任公司
  • 北京市市政工程研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260119

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, installing a test piece and pre-sealing the system, namely installing a test piece of an outer door window of a building to be tested at an opening of a pressure box, and sealing joints among a side plate, a top plate and the test piece of the pressure box by using a multi-layer sealing structure; s2, verifying and quantifying a sealing state: S3, measuring the additional air permeation quantity, namely after verifying that all key sealing positions are effective, completely covering and sealing all openable parts of a test piece by using a plastic film according to national standards, ensuring that air can only permeate through an area gap defined by a pressure box, a side plate, a top plate and the test piece, applying a specified detection pressure difference in the state, and measuring to obtain the total leakage quantity of the system, wherein the total leakage quantity is the additional air permeation quantity q f , the value of the total leakage quantity is the sum of the flow quantity q f-0 measured by an air flow measuring device 0 in an air collecting box and the residual leakage quantity q f-3 and q f-4 measured by a third air flow measuring device and a fourth air flow measuring device in the measuring process, namely q f =q f-0 +q f-3 +q f-4 ; S4, measuring total air permeation quantity, namely removing a plastic film covered on a test piece, and measuring the total leakage quantity of the system under the same detection pressure difference, wherein the value is the total air permeation quantity q z , and the value is the sum of the flow q z-0 measured by an air flow measuring device 0 in an air collecting box and the residual leakage quantity q z-3 and q z-4 measured by a third air flow measuring device and a fourth air flow measuring device in the measuring process, namely q z =q z-0 +q z-3 +q z-4 ; S5, calculating the real permeation quantity of the test piece, namely calculating the air permeation quantity q t of the test piece according to a formula q t = q z-0 +q z-3 +q z-4 -(q f-0 +q f-3 +q f-4 ), and evaluating the air tightness performance grade of the test piece according to the value comparison standard after calculating the real air permeation quantity q t of the test piece after the inherent leakage of the equipment system is eliminated.
  2. 2. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the building exterior door and window according to claim 1 is characterized in that S2 comprises the following steps of S2.1, aiming at a sealing structure between a pressure box and a test piece, wherein the sealing structure is of a three-layer arc-shaped self-sealing structure and comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer of arc-shaped sealing from inside to outside; the method comprises the steps of arranging an air vent between a first layer of arc seal and a second layer of arc seal, connecting the air vent to a first air flow measuring device through a pipeline, arranging an air vent between a second layer of arc seal and a third layer of arc seal, connecting the air vent to a second air flow measuring device through a pipeline, applying detection pressure to a closed area surrounded by a pressure box, a side plate, a top plate and a test piece, and respectively reading leakage air permeation quantities q t-1 and q t-2 through the first air flow measuring device and the second air flow measuring device; S2.2, aiming at the sealing structure between the pressure tank and the air collecting tank, the sealing structure is of a three-layer arc self-sealing structure, an air guide hole is arranged between the first layer and the second layer of arc sealing and is connected with a third air flow measuring device, an air guide hole is arranged between the second layer and the third layer of arc sealing and is connected with a fourth air flow measuring device, pressure is applied to a sealing area formed by the pressure tank and the air collecting tank, leakage air permeation amounts q t-3 and q t-4 are respectively read, and when q t-4 < 0.1q t-3 is achieved, the sealing structure at the joint is judged to be effective.
  3. 3. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building according to claim 2, wherein the three-layer arc-shaped self-sealing structure in the steps S2.1 and S2.2 is characterized in that in the air tightness test process, when positive pressure or negative pressure is applied, the pressure can act on the convex surface of the arc-shaped seal to radially deform the convex surface, so that the pressing force on the contact surface is enhanced, and the self-tightening seal is realized.
  4. 4. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building according to claim 1, wherein a system for realizing the method comprises a pressure box, a movable top plate, a movable side plate, an air collecting box, an air guide hole, an air flow measurement hole and an air flow measurement device, wherein the air collecting box, the air guide hole, the air flow measurement hole and the air flow measurement device are used for installing the outer door and window to be detected; The pressure box is connected with the air collecting box to jointly form a main cavity for detection, the top plate and the side plates are used for sealing the opening of the pressure box and jointly form a pressurized sealing test space with the outer door and window to be detected, and the contact sealing parts of the top plate, the side plates, the pressure box and the outer door and window to be detected and the connection sealing parts between the pressure box and the air collecting box are all of multi-layer monitoring type arc self-sealing structures.
  5. 5. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the building outer door and window is characterized in that a sealing part between a top plate and a pressure box is sequentially provided with a first layer of arc-shaped sealing, a second layer of arc-shaped sealing and a third layer of arc-shaped sealing from the high pressure cavity side to the low pressure cavity side from inside to outside, each layer of sealing strip is an elastic body with an arc-shaped cross section, when the inside of a closed space is pressurized, air pressure acts on an arc-shaped convex surface to enable the arc-shaped convex surface to generate radial expansion deformation so as to tightly press the arc-shaped convex surface on a contact surface to realize self-tightening, and when negative pressure is applied inside the closed space, the outside air pressure acts on the arc-shaped convex surface on the other side to enable the arc-shaped convex surface to generate radial expansion deformation so as to tightly press the arc-shaped convex surface on the contact surface to realize self-tightening, and simultaneously the condition of applying positive pressure and negative pressure is satisfied.
  6. 6. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building according to claim 4, wherein an air guide hole is formed in the plate between the first arc-shaped seal layer and the second arc-shaped seal layer for realizing real-time monitoring of the sealing state, and the air guide hole is connected with an air flow measuring hole formed on the outer side of the top plate through an internal pipeline; Another air vent is arranged between the second layer arc seal and the third layer arc seal on the plate, the air vent is connected with the air vent through an internal pipeline, and another air flow measuring device is named as a device 2 which is connected with the air vent and is used for measuring the leakage air permeation quantity of the channel.
  7. 7. The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following specific implementation steps: The first step, mounting and primary sealing; The method comprises the steps of installing an outer door and window of a building to be tested on an opening frame of a pressure box, moving a top plate and a side plate to be primarily attached to the surfaces of a box body of the pressure box and the outer door and window, and ensuring that the pressure box and an air collecting box are connected in place; Secondly, verifying and quantifying the seal effectiveness; starting the pressurizing equipment, and slowly applying a preset test pressure to a closed space surrounded by the pressure box, the top plate, the side plates and the outer door and window; Reading the values of the air flow measuring devices connected with the top plate air flow measuring holes q d-1 and q d-2 respectively; Judging that if q d-2 < 0.1q d-1 , the third layer arc seal at the top plate is considered to control leakage to an extremely low level, and the sealing at the position is effective, otherwise, the pressing force of the top plate is required to be adjusted or the sealing strip state is required to be checked, if q c-2 <0.1q c-1 , the third layer arc seal at the side plate is considered to control leakage to an extremely low level, and the sealing at the position is effective, otherwise, the pressing force of the side plate is required to be adjusted or the sealing strip state is required to be checked, the connection sealing of the pressure box and the air collection box is verified through the readings q k-1 and q k-2 of the air flow measuring holes of the air collection box, and when all key sealing parts meet the corresponding q k-2 < 0.1q k-1 relation, the next step is entered; Thirdly, measuring the additional air permeation quantity q f ; using plastic film and other materials to cover and seal all openable gaps of the outer door and window to be tested, simulating a completely sealed test piece state; in this state, the flow q f-0 passing through the gap is measured by the main air flow meter, and the verified residual leakage q d-1 、q d-2 、q c-1 、q c-2 、q k-1 、q k-2 from the equipment itself is recorded, and the leakage q d-1 、q d-2 、q c-1 、q c-2 enters the air collection box and is finally detected by the device 0, namely the air collection box, and the additional air permeation quantity of the whole detection system under the current pressure is q f =q f-0 +q k-1 +q k-2 ; measuring the total air permeation quantity q z ; Carefully removing the plastic film covered on the outer door and window to be detected, and recovering the normal openable state of the door and window; maintaining the detection pressure sequence which is completely the same as that of the third step, and carrying out pressurization measurement again; Recording the total air flow q z-0 measured by the main air flow meter and the leakage quantities q k-1 and q k-2 of the air tank at the moment, wherein the total air permeation quantity of the whole detection system under the current pressure is q z =q z-0 +q k-1 +q k-2 ; Fifthly, calculating and grading; And obtaining the real air permeability q t of the outer door and window to be tested according to a formula q t =q z-0 +q k-1 +q k-2 -(q f-0 +q k-1 +q k-2 .

Description

Method for improving air tightness detection precision of building outer door and window Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of building door and window performance detection, in particular to a method for improving the air tightness detection precision of an outer door and window of a building. Background Along with the continuous improvement of the energy-saving requirement of the building, particularly under the background of the successive implementation of the ultra-low energy consumption building standard in each place, the thermal performance of the building envelope structure becomes a key for realizing the energy-saving aim. The outer door and window is used as an important component of the building enclosure structure, and the airtight performance of the outer door and window directly influences the overall energy consumption of the building. Therefore, the method for detecting the airtight performance of the outer door and window of the building rapidly, efficiently and accurately is an important link for objectively evaluating the energy-saving effect of the building and ensuring the engineering quality. At present, the air tightness performance of the outer door and window of a building is mainly detected by adopting an analog static pressure box method, and the core principle is that the air tightness is evaluated by measuring the air permeation quantity of a test piece under a stable pressure difference. However, the existing detection technology does not specify the mounting and sealing modes of the detection device in detail in practical application, and a plurality of structural joints exist in the detection equipment, so that a great deal of air leakage is caused in the measurement process, and the accuracy and reliability of a final test result are seriously affected. Therefore, it is needed to provide a method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building systematically, and by optimizing the sealing structure of the device, quantifying and controlling the error source in the detection link, the consistency and accuracy of the whole detection are improved, and more scientific and reliable data support is provided for energy conservation evaluation and engineering quality control of the building. Disclosure of Invention The invention relates to a method for improving the air tightness detection precision of an outer door and window of a building, and aims to solve the problems of large measurement error of the additional air permeability and low accuracy of detection results caused by the fact that existing detection equipment is not tight in sealing. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The method for improving the air tightness detection precision of the outer door and window of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, installing a test piece and pre-sealing the system, namely installing the test piece of the outer door window of the building to be tested at the opening of the pressure box, and sealing joints among a side plate, a top plate and the test piece of the pressure box by using a multi-layer sealing structure; s2, verifying and quantifying a sealing state: S2.1, aiming at a sealing structure between a pressure box and a test piece, wherein the sealing structure is of a three-layer arc self-sealing structure and comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer of arc sealing from inside to outside, an air vent is arranged between the first layer and the second layer of arc sealing and is connected to a first air flow measuring device through a pipeline, an air vent is arranged between the second layer and the third layer of arc sealing and is connected to a second air flow measuring device through a pipeline, detection pressure is applied to a sealing area surrounded by the pressure box, a side plate, a top plate and the test piece, leakage air permeation amounts q t-1 and q t-2 are respectively read through the first air flow measuring device and the second air flow measuring device, and when q t-2<0.1qt-1 is judged that the sealing structure is effective; S2.2, aiming at a sealing structure between the pressure tank and the air collecting tank, wherein the sealing structure is also of a three-layer arc self-sealing structure, an air guide hole is arranged between the first layer and the second layer arc sealing and is connected with a third air flow measuring device, an air guide hole is arranged between the second layer and the third layer arc sealing and is connected with a fourth air flow measuring device, pressure is applied to a sealing area formed by the pressure tank and the air collecting tank, leakage air permeation quantity q t-3 and q t-4 are respectively read, and when q t-4< 0.1qt-3, the sealing structure at the joint is judged to be effective; S3, measuring the additional air permeation quantity, namely after verifying that