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CN-121977790-A - Experimental device for flow test of bubble multiphase flow with different sizes in drilling process

CN121977790ACN 121977790 ACN121977790 ACN 121977790ACN-121977790-A

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental device for flow testing of bubble multiphase flows with different sizes in a drilling process, which comprises a drill string simulation device, a visual well bore simulation device, a visual stratum crack simulation device, a stratum pressure temperature simulation device, a drilling fluid circulation simulation device, a high-speed camera and a computer system, wherein the visual well bore simulation device comprises a transparent visual well bore, a drill string simulation device main body is arranged in the well bore so as to form an annulus in the well bore, the visual stratum crack simulation device is communicated with the bottom of the annulus and used for injecting gas to simulate gas invasion, and the stratum pressure temperature simulation device is communicated with the well bore so as to enable the annulus in the well bore to simulate stratum pressure and simulated stratum temperature. The multi-phase flow test method has the advantages that multi-phase flow test experiments of bubbles with different sizes in the drilling process can be carried out, the experimental method can cover stratum fracture gas invasion in different modes, and the gas invasion process, the overflow process and the well killing process under the real stratum condition can be simulated.

Inventors

  • HE XIANJIE
  • HAN XIONG
  • XU QICONG
  • WEI QIANG
  • DENG HU
  • DUAN MUBAI
  • XUE QIULAI
  • FENG YINXIANG
  • LI LEI
  • YU CHENG

Assignees

  • 中国石油天然气集团有限公司
  • 中国石油集团油田技术服务有限公司
  • 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251216

Claims (14)

  1. 1. The experimental device for flow test of bubble multiphase flows with different sizes in the drilling process is characterized by comprising a drill string simulation device (14), a visual shaft simulation device (13), a visual stratum crack simulation device (24), a stratum pressure temperature simulation device (26), a drilling fluid circulation simulation device and a computer system (19); The visual well bore simulation device (13) comprises a transparent visual well bore, a drill string simulation device (14) body is arranged in the well bore to form an annulus in the well bore, and a visual stratum fracture simulation device (24) is communicated with the bottom of the annulus and is used for injecting gas to simulate gas invasion; the formation pressure temperature simulation device (26) is communicated with the well bore and is used for enabling simulated formation pressure and simulated formation temperature in the annular space of the well bore; The drilling string simulation device (14) comprises a drilling string and a drill bit at the bottom of the drilling string, the drilling fluid circulation simulation device is provided with a drilling fluid injection pipe orifice and a drilling fluid return pipe orifice, and the top of the drilling string is communicated with the drilling fluid injection pipe orifice so as to input drilling fluid into the drilling string; and a drilling fluid outlet is arranged at one side of the top of the shaft, and the drilling fluid outlet is communicated with a drilling fluid return outlet of the drilling fluid circulation simulation device so as to simulate the return of the drilling fluid out of the shaft.
  2. 2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a high-speed camera (11); The camera of the high-speed camera (11) is opposite to the shaft so as to shoot bubbles in the ring; The high-speed camera (11) is electrically connected with the computer system (19).
  3. 3. The experimental set-up according to claim 1, wherein the visual formation fracture simulating means (24) comprises a plurality of inlet valves for simulating different types of fracture gas invasion, the visual formation fracture simulating means (24) being communicable with the annulus bottom via the plurality of inlet valves, respectively.
  4. 4. An experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the visual formation fracture simulation device (24) comprises four inlet valves for simulating four different types of fracture gas invasion, the visual formation fracture simulation device (24) being communicable with the annulus bottom via the four inlet valves, respectively.
  5. 5. A test device according to claim 3, further comprising a gas supply means; The gas supply device comprises a pressurizing pipeline, one end of the pressurizing pipeline is connected with a high-pressure gas cylinder (20), and the other end of the pressurizing pipeline is respectively communicated with the gas inlet ends of a plurality of gas inlet valves of the visual stratum fracture simulation device (24); The pressurizing pipeline is also provided with a pressurizing pump (31), a gas one-way valve (21), a pressure sensor five (22) and a gas flowmeter (23).
  6. 6. The experimental setup of claim 1, further comprising a drainage device; the other side of the top of the shaft is provided with an emergency drain hole which is communicated with the drainage device.
  7. 7. The experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that the venting device comprises a venting valve (16), a venting pipe (17) and a venting pool (18); One end of the drainage pipeline (17) is communicated with an emergency drainage port, and the other end of the drainage pipeline is communicated with a drainage pool (18); The drain valve (16) is mounted on the drain pipe (17) for opening and closing the drain pipe (17).
  8. 8. The experimental device according to claim 4, wherein the visual well bore simulation device (13) is fixed on a bracket, and the upper end and the lower end of a drill string of the visual well bore simulation device (13) are respectively sleeved with a well bore sealer (12) for sealing an annular space, so that good air tightness of a well bore is ensured; The upper end and the lower end of the shaft are respectively provided with a third pressure sensor (15) and a fourth pressure sensor (27) for monitoring the pressure value of the annulus.
  9. 9. The experimental setup according to claim 8, wherein the visual formation fracture simulation device (24) further comprises an annular fracture simulation ring (32) and a downhole sealing plate (25); the stratum pressure and temperature simulation device (26) comprises a temperature sensor (30), a pressure sensor six (29) and a sealing outer ring (33); The inner side surface of the sealing outer ring (33) is provided with a resistance wire to simulate the stratum temperature, and the inner measuring bottom of the sealing outer ring is provided with a pneumatic pressure cylinder to simulate the stratum pressure; The top of the sealing outer ring (33) is provided with a sealing cover plate, the crack simulation ring (32) is positioned in the sealing outer ring (33), and the bottom of the crack simulation ring (32) and the bottom of the sealing outer ring (33) are both arranged on the bottom hole sealing plate (25) and are respectively sealed through the bottom hole sealing plate (25); The periphery of the crack simulation ring (32) is provided with holes of different types to simulate four different cracks, and the outlet ends of the four air inlet valves are correspondingly communicated with the holes on the periphery of the crack simulation ring (32).
  10. 10. The experimental device according to claim 9, wherein the temperature sensor (30) and the pressure sensor (29) are electrically connected to the computer system (19), respectively.
  11. 11. The experimental set-up of claim 1, wherein the drilling fluid circulation simulation device comprises a drilling fluid circulation path; And a vibration filtering device (10), a slurry pond (08), a second high-pressure pump (07) and a throttle valve (03) are sequentially arranged on the drilling fluid circulation passage along the flow direction of the drilling fluid, one end of the drilling fluid circulation passage is communicated with the top of the drill string through a drilling fluid injection pipe orifice, and the other end of the drilling fluid circulation passage is communicated with a drilling fluid outlet through a drilling fluid return pipe orifice.
  12. 12. The experimental device according to claim 11, wherein the pressure sensor I (02) and the liquid phase flowmeter (01) are arranged at the rear end of the throttle valve (03) on the circulating pipeline of the drilling fluid circulating path.
  13. 13. The experimental device according to claim 11, characterized in that the mud pit (08) is also connected with an automatic well control fluid supply device; the automatic well killing liquid replenishing device comprises an automatic well killing liquid replenishing tank (04) and a valve (28) for replenishing well killing liquid into the automatic well killing liquid replenishing tank (04); The automatic well killing liquid replenishing tank (04) is communicated with the mud pit (08) through a pipeline, and a liquid replenishing valve (05) and a high-pressure pump I (06) are arranged on the pipeline.
  14. 14. The experimental device according to claim 13, characterized in that the lower part of the mud pit (08) is provided with a pressure sensor two (09).

Description

Experimental device for flow test of bubble multiphase flow with different sizes in drilling process Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, in particular to an experimental device for flow testing of bubble multiphase flows with different sizes in a drilling process. Background In the petroleum drilling process, especially in the conventional large-size well hole, because the drilling period is long, a plurality of pressure systems exist in the stratum, and various complex working conditions such as gas invasion, well kick, well leakage and the like easily occur in the drilling process, wherein the influence caused by the gas invasion is most serious, and meanwhile, the well killing is also very important after the gas invasion occurs. However, existing laboratory equipment and methods are not compatible in simulating this complex process and cannot be performed simultaneously. At present, numerical simulation and physical simulation are mainly adopted for research on gas invasion and well killing processes, and experimental simulation on unconventional large-size well gas invasion and well killing processes is not carried out. Meanwhile, the simulation of the gas invasion and well killing process in the conventional well drilling process is independent and separated. The experimental device for simulating the gas invasion process and the well killing process has the following three problems that firstly, the traditional experimental device is mostly open and cannot truly simulate a totally-enclosed drilling environment, secondly, the traditional experimental method does not consider the type of a drill bit uncovering reservoir, and thirdly, the traditional experimental device and the method are complex in operation and cannot quickly obtain experimental results. For example, in the prior art CN 202311360901.7, an overflow monitoring device and method based on a wellbore multiphase flow law are provided, and the device and method can simulate gas invasion, water invasion and oil invasion respectively, so as to provide theoretical support for on-site well control operation, however, the device is only focused on the simulation of the fluid invasion process, and does not consider the simulation of the well killing process at the same time, in addition, the device also does not fully consider the fluid invasion of different types of formation cracks, and the simulation result is difficult to reflect various real formation conditions, so that the device is limited to be popularized in a large area in practical application. Therefore, if the full-flow simulation of the gas invasion and well killing process under different stratum conditions can be completed through one set of experimental device, powerful technical support can be provided for the efficient treatment of overflow, and the method has great significance for making well killing measures in site pertinently and avoiding malignant events such as blowout runaway. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an experimental device for multiphase flow testing of bubbles with different sizes in a drilling process, which can be used for carrying out multiphase flow testing experiments of bubbles with different sizes in the drilling process, and the experimental method can cover gas invasion of formation cracks in different modes and simulate gas invasion process, overflow process and well killing process under real formation conditions. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an experimental device for testing the flow of bubble multiphase flows with different sizes in the drilling process, which comprises a drill string simulation device, a visual well bore simulation device, a visual stratum crack simulation device, a stratum pressure temperature simulation device, a drilling fluid circulation simulation device and a computer system; the visual well bore simulation device comprises a transparent visual well bore, a drill string simulation device body is arranged in the well bore (the drill string body and a drill bit are positioned in the well bore) so as to form an annulus in the well bore, and the visual stratum fracture simulation device is communicated with the bottom of the annulus and is used for injecting gas to simulate gas invasion; The stratum pressure and temperature simulation device is communicated with the well bore and used for enabling the formation pressure and the stratum temperature to be simulated in the annular space of the well bore; The drilling string simulation device comprises a drilling string and a drill bit at the bottom of the drilling string, wherein the drilling fluid circulation simulation device is provided with a drilling fluid injection pipe orifice and a drilling fluid return pipe