CN-121977876-A - Load transfer stress unit simulation device for multi-ship cooperative floating operation

CN121977876ACN 121977876 ACN121977876 ACN 121977876ACN-121977876-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a load transfer stress unit simulation device for multi-ship collaborative floating operation, which adopts a modularized design and comprises an upper connection limiting assembly, a load acquisition and transmission assembly and a multi-dimensional rigidity simulation receiving assembly, wherein orthogonal decoupling and independent simulation of X, Y, Z three-dimensional rigidity are realized through a three-dimensional independent orthogonal spring array, a piecewise nonlinear rigidity curve is constructed by utilizing a vertical multistage series spring set, and the technical problems of single rigidity simulation, difficult vertical rigidity fitting, difficult centering and limiting of the conventional simulation device are solved by matching an integrated six-component force sensor and a bidirectional limiting mechanism.

Inventors

CAI LIANCAI
LI XIN
GUO XIAOXIAN
Ye Yutu
HENG ZHENGQI
YUAN MENG
TIAN XINLIANG
SONG XU
LU WENYUE
FU SHAOHONG

Assignees

中远海运特种运输股份有限公司
上海交通大学三亚崖州湾深海科技研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (10)

1. The load transfer stress unit simulation device for the multi-ship cooperative floating operation is characterized by comprising an upper connection limiting assembly (A), a load collection and transmission assembly (B) and a multi-dimensional rigidity simulation receiving assembly (C) from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the upper connection limiting assembly (A) comprises a transverse limiter (1) and a longitudinal limiter (2), the transverse limiter (1) is provided with a strip-shaped bolt hole (11), the longitudinal limiter (2) is provided with a mechanical stop block (21), the load collection and transmission assembly (B) comprises a six-component force sensor (3) and a plug tip (4), the six-component force sensor (3) is connected between the transverse limiter (1) and the plug tip (4) in series, the multi-dimensional rigidity simulation receiving assembly (C) comprises a receiver (5), a horizontal spring set (6) and a vertical series spring set (7), the horizontal spring set (6) is distributed orthogonally along the outer wall of the receiver (5), and the vertical series spring set (7) is arranged in the inner cavity of the receiver (5).
2. Load transfer force unit simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral limiter (1) is of a plate-like structure, and the elongated bolt hole (11) extends in the ship width direction.
3. The load transfer stress unit simulation device according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal limiter (2) is fixed below the transverse limiter (1) through bolts, the mechanical stoppers (21) are two and symmetrically arranged, and are in clearance fit with the outer wall of the receiver (5) to form a secondary limiting structure.
4. The load transfer stress unit simulation device according to claim 3, wherein the six-component force sensor (3) is of a columnar waterproof structure, the protection level is more than or equal to IP68, the upper end face is rigidly connected with the transverse limiter (1), the lower end face is coaxially fixed with the insertion tip (4), and the force measurement precision is less than or equal to 0.5% FS.
5. A load transfer force unit simulator according to claim 4, wherein the body of the tip (4) is in the shape of a reverse truncated cone, the bottom of which is hemispherical or blunt (41), and the blunt (41) cone angle is 30 ° -45 ° and is made in the form of a true tip geometry scale.
6. The load transfer force unit simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the receiver (5) is a hollow cylindrical metal tank body, the top is provided with a flaring type guide surface (51), the outer side wall is provided with counter bores or hooks uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the inner cavity is of a precise cylindrical structure.
7. The load transfer force unit simulation device according to claim 6, wherein the horizontal spring group (6) comprises four groups or multiples of four groups of horizontal springs, the horizontal springs are orthogonally distributed along the outer wall of the receiver (5) by 90 degrees, one end of each group of horizontal springs is abutted against a counter bore or a hook on the outer side wall of the receiver (5), the other end of each group of horizontal springs is fixed on the base (8), and the rigidity coefficient can be selected in the range of 5-20 kN/m.
8. The load transfer force unit simulator of claim 7, wherein the vertical series spring stack (7) comprises a first vertical spring, a second vertical spring and a floating spacer, the floating spacer is disposed above the first vertical spring, the second vertical spring is disposed between the floating spacer and the top of the internal chamber, K 1 、 K 2 is the first vertical spring and the second vertical spring rate, respectively, and the two spring rates satisfy K 1 ＜ K 2 .
9. A method for independently simulating three-way stiffness based on the device of claim 8, comprising the steps of: Step 1, horizontal stiffness adjustment, namely selecting a horizontal spring with a corresponding stiffness coefficient according to a reduction ratio and a target horizontal stiffness value, and independently adjusting X, Y shearing stiffness between the outer wall of a receiver (5) and a base (8) in an orthogonal manner; step 2, vertical rigidity adjustment, namely selecting a first vertical spring and a second vertical spring, and setting an initial interval through a floating separation gasket to form a sectional working mode; And 3, three-way decoupling, namely, restraining the inner wall of the receiver (5) to enable the horizontal spring set (6) to only respond to transverse translation and the vertical series spring set (7) to only respond to vertical extrusion, so as to realize X, Y, Z three-way rigidity independent simulation.
10. A method of fitting vertical nonlinear stiffness based on the apparatus of claim 8, comprising the steps of: step 1, analyzing a vertical load-displacement F-Z curve of a real stress unit, and determining rigidity requirements of an initial contact stage and a main bearing stage; Step 2, selecting a first vertical spring and a second vertical spring with stiffness coefficient K 1 ＜ K 2 according to a series stiffness formula Fitting the rigidity of the main bearing stage; Step 3, only the first vertical spring works in the initial contact stage, two springs work in series in the main bearing stage, data are collected through the six-component force sensor (3), and a calculation formula is that Wherein S RES is the sum of squares of residual errors, S tot is the sum of squares of deviation, and the calculated goodness of fit R 2 is more than or equal to 96%.

Description

Load transfer stress unit simulation device for multi-ship cooperative floating operation Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering model tests, and particularly relates to a load transfer stress unit simulation device, a stiffness simulation method and a stiffness fitting method for multi-ship collaborative floating operation. Background Along with the development of ocean energy sources to the deep sea and the large-scale direction, the weight and the size of the marine upper assembly blocks are increased, and the traditional floating crane ship hoisting technology cannot meet the installation and dismantling requirements of ultra-wide and overweight assembly blocks due to the limited hoisting capacity. The multi-ship cooperative floating technology has the advantages of strong operation capability and low dependence on hoisting equipment, and becomes a main scheme for solving the problem of ultra-large block ocean engineering operation. The multi-ship collaborative floating operation system relates to complex fluid-solid coupling effect among multiple floating bodies, the numerical simulation software is difficult to accurately capture shallow water effect, viscous damping and transient response of nonlinear collision, if a stress unit is improperly matched with rigidity to generate rigid bottoming or excessive shearing in real ship operation, the structure of a plug tip and a receiver is damaged, and even catastrophic consequences such as block overturning are caused. Therefore, before the actual ship operates, a reduced scale physical model test is required to be carried out according to the Froude similarity rule, and the safety of the design scheme is verified. The load transfer stage is a core link of the multi-ship cooperative floating operation, and has the highest risk and the greatest technical difficulty. The working ship transfers the upper block load with the weight of tens of thousands of tons between the transport ship and the conduit frame by adjusting the ballast water system under the interference of wave load. In the process, the stress units (such as DMU on the operation ship and LMU on the transport ship) need to bear the vertical load change of 0% -100% of the block weight, and meanwhile, the asynchronous displacement and horizontal impact energy generated by the wave motion of multiple ships are absorbed through the shear deformation of the internal elastic element. In the real engineering, the stress unit is formed by alternately overlapping a plurality of layers of steel plates and rubber, and has remarkable anisotropism (large difference between horizontal and vertical rigidities) and strong nonlinearity (rigidities or specific changes along with the compression). However, the existing simulation device for the reduced scale model test has the following key technical defects: The stiffness simulation is single, the traditional model adopts a spring or a rubber block with single stiffness, can not be decoupled independently and can not reproduce X, Y, Z three-way stiffness characteristics accurately, and because the horizontal stiffness and the vertical stiffness are fixed by material properties, the stiffness can not be adjusted independently like a real device, so that motion response simulation distortion is caused. The vertical stiffness fitting is difficult, the vertical load change range in the load transfer stage is extremely large (0-100% of the block weight), the vertical stiffness of the real elastomer is nonlinear, but the standard spring stiffness in the market is fixed, a single spring cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of initial contact flexibility and full load support stiffness or specific stiffness attenuation/hardening, and a target stiffness curve is difficult to fit. The safety verification is insufficient, the impact load of the actual ship operation cannot be accurately predicted by the test due to the model rigidity simulation distortion, the insertion tip and the receiver are easy to deviate at a large angle due to the hydrodynamic force, the sensor is damaged or the data is abnormal, the safety of the operation scheme cannot be effectively verified, and hidden danger is brought to the offshore high-risk operation. Therefore, a load transfer stress unit simulation device capable of realizing independent simulation of three-dimensional rigidity, accurately fitting vertical nonlinear rigidity and having centering and limiting functions needs to be developed, so that the bottleneck of the prior art is solved, and the accuracy and safety of a multi-ship collaborative floating operation model test are improved. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical defects of single stiffness simulation, difficult vertical stiffness fitting, difficult centering and limiting and inaccurate data acquisition in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a load transfer stress unit simulation device, a stiffness simulatio