CN-121977881-A - Soil sampling detection device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring

CN121977881ACN 121977881 ACN121977881 ACN 121977881ACN-121977881-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil sampling and detecting device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring, which comprises a bracket, a lifting driving mechanism, an outer cylinder and a sampling module. The sampling module integrates a shape memory alloy bushing, a duckbill check valve, a top seal assembly, and a thermal control assembly. During operation, the thermal control assembly heats the shape memory alloy bushing to radially expand the shape memory alloy bushing to receive soil, the duckbill one-way valve is automatically closed to form a bottom seal after sampling, the thermal control assembly cools the shape memory alloy bushing to uniformly radially shrink the shape memory alloy bushing to actively compact loose sand, and meanwhile, the top seal assembly completes final seal to jointly form a self-stable 'soil capsule'. The soil capsule can be used for keeping the original structure of sandy soil excellently, can be directly used for nondestructive testing such as CT scanning, realizes seamless connection from original field sampling to accurate laboratory analysis, and remarkably improves the representativeness and reliability of soil detection results.

Inventors

QIAO GUOJUAN
ZHANG JIE
LUO ZHENG
QIN MINGJUN
LIU HAIXU

Assignees

东明县农业农村综合服务中心
河南开放大学
罗山县农业生态与资源保护站
河南恒信环保检测有限公司
中牟县农业农村局

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260321

Claims (8)

1. Soil sampling detection device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring, characterized by comprising: the support is connected with a lifting driving mechanism; the outer cylinder is connected with the output end of the lifting driving mechanism and driven by the lifting driving mechanism to perform lifting movement; The sampling module comprises a shape memory alloy bushing, a duckbill one-way valve, a top sealing component, a thermal control component, a pressure control component and a pressure control component, wherein the shape memory alloy bushing is vertically connected inside an outer cylinder in a sliding mode and can uniformly radially expand when being heated to a temperature higher than the austenite transformation completion temperature of the shape memory alloy bushing and uniformly radially contract when being cooled to a temperature lower than the martensite transformation completion temperature of the shape memory alloy bushing; wherein, shape memory alloy bush, duckbill check valve and top seal subassembly synergism, jointly form a self stabilization seal housing that wraps up soil sample in completely after the sample is ended, constitute "soil capsule".
2. The agricultural ecological environment monitoring soil sampling and detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the top sealing assembly comprises a sealing cover, a pressing plate and an elastic element, the sealing cover is detachably connected to the top of the outer cylinder, the elastic element is connected between the sealing cover and the pressing plate, and an elastic sealing ring is arranged on the circumferential outer edge of the pressing plate and used for pressing with the inner wall of the shape memory alloy bushing after the shape memory alloy bushing is contracted to form a radial locking seal.
3. The soil sampling and detecting device for monitoring the agricultural ecological environment according to claim 2, wherein the top sealing assembly further comprises a sleeve vertically fixedly connected with the sealing cover and an inner rod detachably connected with the pressing plate, and the inner rod is vertically and slidably connected with the sleeve.
4. The soil sampling and detecting device for monitoring the agricultural ecological environment according to claim 2, wherein an elastic backing ring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the sealing cover.
5. The soil sampling and detecting device for monitoring the agricultural ecological environment according to claim 1, wherein a buffer extraction mechanism is connected between the bracket and the outer cylinder.
6. The soil sampling and detecting device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring according to claim 1, wherein two symmetrically arranged guide grooves are vertically formed in the inner side of the wall of the outer barrel, guide plates matched with the guide grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the shape memory alloy bushing, and jackscrews are connected to the upper portion of the wall of one guide groove in a threaded mode.
7. The soil sampling and detecting device for monitoring the agricultural ecological environment according to claim 1, wherein the thermal control assembly comprises an electric heating wire, a fan, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the electric heating wire is arranged in the side wall of the shape memory alloy bushing, the fan faces the shape memory alloy bushing in the air outlet direction, the temperature sensor is embedded on the inner side wall of the outer cylinder and used for monitoring the temperature of the shape memory alloy bushing in real time, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the electric heating wire, the fan and the temperature sensor.
8. The soil sampling and detecting device for monitoring an agricultural ecological environment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cutting edges are arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder.

Description

Soil sampling detection device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling and detection, in particular to a soil sampling and detection device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring. Background The accurate agricultural ecological environment monitoring is a scientific basis and a primary link for implementing a series of agricultural sustainable development works such as cultivation quality protection and improvement, non-point source pollution prevention and control, saline-alkali soil improvement, soil fertility assessment, farmland ecological health diagnosis and the like. The physical structure, chemical properties and biological characteristics of soil, which is an important component of the basic carrier and ecological environment of agricultural production, are directly related to the growth condition of crops, nutrient utilization efficiency, water retention capacity and the stability and sustainability of the agricultural ecological system. Therefore, the method can accurately obtain the soil sample which can truly reflect the in-situ state of the field, and has irreplaceable significance for developing scientific research and guiding production practice. The collection of soil samples is the primary link of monitoring the chain, and the quality of the soil samples, particularly the originality (maintaining the original structure and level) and the integrity (no loss and no pollution) of the samples directly determine the reliability and representativeness of the analysis data of the subsequent laboratory. In vast plain sandy soil areas and coastal beach areas of yellow river in China, the soil matrix is mainly sand grains, the content of clay grains and powder grains is low, the cohesive force among the soil grains is extremely poor, and the soil belongs to typical loose media. The soil has the characteristics of strong permeability, weak water and fertilizer holding capacity, poor structural stability and the like. Soil sampling in such areas has long faced the following technical bottlenecks: 1. The original state is extremely difficult to maintain, and the fragile pore structure and sediment layer of sand are extremely easy to thoroughly damage under the shearing and vibration effects generated by traditional drilling or shoveling. Even if the sample enters the sampling tube, irreversible collapse and densification can occur in the sample due to lack of lateral constraint and effective bottom sealing in the lifting process, so that the key in-situ information such as porosity, moisture migration path and the like of the sample is completely distorted, and the sample loses scientific value. 2. The sample is incompletely obtained, and the structure is maintained mainly by weak friction force and capillary force due to lack of cohesive force among sand particles, so that the sample is easy to fall off from the bottom of the sampling tube under the action of gravity. The prior proposal of adopting a mechanical valve or a buckle to seal the bottom is that a valve rotating shaft or a gap is very easy to be invaded by sand grains in a sandy soil environment, so that the abrasion and the clamping are caused, the sealing reliability is greatly reduced, and the successful bottom sealing can not be ensured for each sampling. 3. The sample is poor in subsequent processing and detection suitability, and even if the sample is obtained, the loose state of the sample is easy to damage due to vibration in the transportation and storage processes, so that a stable and regular form cannot be formed. This results in a difficult direct adaptation of the sample to non-destructive testing equipment, such as X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), which requires high sample morphology and stability, often requiring complex resolidification or sample loading procedures prior to laboratory testing, introducing secondary perturbations. In the prior art, although attempts of soil sampling by adopting Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) or temperature control means (for example, an SMA spring is used for providing a pressing force or cooling and shaping a sample) are focused on axial restraint and cooling, and full-flow undisturbed fidelity from sampling, storage to detection cannot be realized. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention provides a soil sampling and detecting device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring, which can solve the problems of easy collapse and scattering of an undisturbed structure, unreliable bottom sealing and difficult direct detection of a sample form in the prior art. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the soil sampling and detecting device for agricultural ecological environment monitoring comprises a bracket, an outer cylinder and a sampling module. The support is connected with a lifting driving mechanism. The outer cylin