CN-121977887-A - River suspended load sediment measurement device and method

CN121977887ACN 121977887 ACN121977887 ACN 121977887ACN-121977887-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a river suspended sediment measurement device and a river suspended sediment measurement method, wherein the river suspended sediment measurement device comprises a support, a support pipe, a support beam, a sediment sampler and a driving assembly, the support pipe is vertically arranged at the lower end of the support, the support pipe is positioned under water in the sampling process, the support beam is slidably arranged on the support pipe and can move along the axis of the support pipe, and the sediment sampler is arranged at one end of the support beam far away from the support pipe. The sediment sampler can move at a constant speed along the axis of the supporting tube and intermittently move along the axis of the supporting tube under the control of the driving assembly, so that the sampling requirements of the time-lapse sampling and the deep-lapse sampling can be simultaneously met, and the sediment sampler is not required to be configured with two different samplers at the same time when the sediment sampler is installed on a sampling ship, so that the sediment sampler is more convenient to use.

Inventors

Sheng Chunxin
ZHANG XUEPING
WANG YAN
ZHANG SHIBAO
ZHU CHANGBING

Assignees

重庆一可环保工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260209

Claims (10)

1. A river suspended solid sediment measurement device, comprising: A bracket; The support tube is vertically arranged at the lower end of the bracket; the support beam is arranged on the support tube in a sliding manner and can move along the axis of the support tube; The sediment sampler is arranged at one end of the supporting beam far away from the supporting tube and can rotate in a horizontal plane; the driving assembly is connected between the support pipe and the support beam and used for driving the support beam to move along the axis of the support pipe, and the driving assembly is provided with a deep driving module and a time-integrated driving mode; in the deep driving mode, the supporting beam is driven to move at a constant speed along the axis of the supporting tube; And under the time accumulating driving module, the driving supporting beam intermittently moves along the axis of the supporting tube.
2. The river suspended solids and sediment measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises a screw, a guide post and an inner driving ring, the screw is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the bracket, the screw can rotate around the axis of the screw, the screw is coaxially arranged in the supporting tube, the guide post is matched in a thread groove of the screw, the guide post is limited by the supporting tube to move only along the axis of the supporting tube, the inner driving ring is sleeved outside the supporting tube, the inner driving ring is fixedly connected with the guide post, and the supporting beam is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner driving ring in the deep driving mode.
3. The river suspended solids and sediment measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the driving assembly further comprises a middle ring, a transmission beam, a limiting rod and a first elastic member, the middle ring is sleeved outside the supporting tube and is limited by the supporting tube to move only along the axis of the supporting tube, the middle ring and the inner driving ring are vertically spaced in a time-integrated driving mode, the supporting beam is arranged on the middle ring, the transmission beam is arranged on the inner driving ring, the limiting rod is vertically and slidably arranged between the supporting beam and the transmission beam, the first elastic member is sleeved on the limiting rod and used for preventing the middle ring and the inner driving ring from approaching each other, a plurality of limiters are arranged outside the supporting tube at intervals along the axis of the supporting tube and used for limiting the middle ring to move, and an unlocking device is arranged on the inner driving ring and used for unlocking the limiters when the interval between the middle ring and the inner driving ring is smaller than a preset value.
4. A river suspended solids sediment measurement device according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate ring is provided with a sampling controller, and in the time-integrated driving mode, the sampling controller controls the sampling port of the sediment sampler to be opened when the intermediate ring is connected with the limiter, and controls the sampling port of the sediment sampler to be closed when the intermediate ring is disconnected from the limiter.
5. The river suspended solids sediment measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the sediment sampler comprises a cabin body, a planet carrier, sampling cylinders and expansion joints, the cabin body is rotatably arranged on the supporting beam, the planet carrier is rotatably arranged in the cabin body, the sampling cylinders are a plurality of, the sampling cylinders are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the planet carrier, the expansion joints are arranged in the cabin body, one ends of the expansion joints are communicated with the sampling ports, and the other ends of the expansion joints can move along the axis of the sampling cylinders and are communicated with the sampling cylinders opposite to the expansion joints.
6. The river suspended solids and sediment measurement device according to claim 5, wherein the cabin is further provided with a control assembly for controlling the rotation of the planet carrier and thereby changing the sampling tube facing the expansion joint.
7. The river suspended solids and sediment measuring device according to claim 6, wherein the control assembly comprises a push rod, a first inclined block and a second inclined block, the push rod is arranged on the telescopic joint, the first inclined block and the second inclined block are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sampling cylinders and are arranged on the planet carrier, inclined surfaces of the first inclined block and the second inclined block on the sampling cylinders face to the same side, the first inclined block and the second inclined block are arranged at intervals along the axis of the sampling cylinders, and the first inclined block and the second inclined block are arranged along the circumferential line of the sampling cylinders.
8. The river suspended solids and sediment measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the sampling tube is provided with a discharge tube at an end of the sampling tube remote from the expansion joint for discharging the water sample from the sampling tube.
9. The river suspended solids and sediment measurement device according to claim 8, wherein the outside of the cabin body is provided with a flow conversion ring in a sliding manner, the axis of the flow conversion ring coincides with the axis of the planet carrier, an annular cavity is formed in the flow conversion ring, one end of the flow conversion ring is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe, a plurality of discharge valves are circumferentially and equidistant arranged at the other end of the flow conversion ring, the discharge valves are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the discharge pipes, the flow conversion ring is provided with a first position and a second position, the discharge pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the discharge valves when in the first position, and the discharge pipes are in communication with the discharge valves through the annular cavity when in the second position.
10. A river suspended sediment measurement method using the river suspended sediment measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of: S100, determining that the sampling mode is deep sampling or time sampling, if the sampling mode is deep sampling, executing S200, and if the sampling mode is time sampling, executing S300; S200, enabling the driving assembly to be switched into a deep driving mode; s300, the driving assembly is switched to the product time driving mode.

Description

River suspended load sediment measurement device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a river suspended load sediment measurement device and method. Background Suspended sediment is fine solid particles which are suspended along with water flow in a river for a long time, and is a key component in the hydrologic cycle and the evolution process of a river bed. Along with the aggravation of human activities (such as water and soil loss, engineering disturbance and pollution discharge behavior) in the river basin, suspended sediment gradually evolves from pure natural geographic elements to important factors for aggravating water environment pollution, and the environmental influence mainly shows two aspects: firstly, the high-concentration suspended substances lead to the rapid rise of the turbidity of the water body, prevent light transmission, inhibit photosynthesis of aquatic plants, destroy the habitat of fishes and benthos and directly damage the health of an aquatic ecological system; Secondly, the suspended solid sediment particles have huge specific surface area and strong adsorptivity, and are easy to combine with heavy metals, organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts and the like to become a carrier for pollutant migration. When hydrodynamic conditions are weakened, sediment adsorbing pollutants is settled and stored in bottom mud temporarily, and once water flow conditions change (such as flood disturbance), the pollutants can be released into the water again to form secondary pollution. Based on the above problems, suspended substances, bed load and bed sand samples in the river need to be collected by a sediment sampler so as to determine the sand content, the sand conveying rate and the grain size distribution. Two kinds of sediment samplers in the current mainstream can be divided into a product time sampler and a product depth sampler according to different sampling modes, and the concrete steps are as follows: The time-integrated sampling is to determine a vertical test line in a target river water area, then determine measuring points with different depths on the vertical test line, then enable the sediment sampler to sequentially move to the depth of each measuring point, stay for a period of time to finish sampling, and pull out the sediment sampler from the water. The deep sampling is to make the sediment sampler descend from the water surface to the river bottom uniformly along the vertical test line or to pull the sediment sampler out of the water surface from the river bottom at uniform speed, so as to collect the water sample on the vertical test line continuously. In the specific sampling, the sampling by the time-domain sampling method or the sampling by the depth-domain sampling method or the combination of the two sampling methods is required to be properly selected according to factors such as the water depth, the flow rate, the environment and the like of the sampled water area. The existing sediment sampler has a relatively single structure, can be independently used for sampling by a time-integrating method or can be independently used for sampling by a deep-integrating method, and when combined sampling is needed, two samplers can be simultaneously configured on a sampling vessel, so that the universality is poor. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a river suspended matter sediment measurement device and method for solving the problems that the conventional sediment sampler is poor in universality and cannot meet the use requirements of the deep accumulation method and the time accumulation method. The above purpose is achieved by the following technical scheme: a river suspended load sediment measurement device comprises: A bracket; The support tube is vertically arranged at the lower end of the bracket; the support beam is arranged on the support tube in a sliding manner and can move along the axis of the support tube; The sediment sampler is arranged at one end of the supporting beam far away from the supporting tube and can rotate in a horizontal plane; the driving assembly is connected between the support pipe and the support beam and used for driving the support beam to move along the axis of the support pipe, and the driving assembly is provided with a deep driving module and a time-integrated driving mode; in the deep driving mode, the supporting beam is driven to move at a constant speed along the axis of the supporting tube; And under the time accumulating driving module, the driving supporting beam intermittently moves along the axis of the supporting tube. Preferably, the drive assembly comprises a screw, a guide pillar and an inner drive ring, wherein the screw is rotationally arranged at the lower end of the bracket, the screw can rotate around the axis of the screw, the screw is coaxially arranged in the support tube, the guide pillar is match