CN-121977899-A - Crowd rapid biological dose evaluation system for large-scale ionizing radiation exposure condition

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation evaluation, in particular to a crowd rapid biological dose evaluation system used under the condition of large-scale ionizing radiation exposure. The rapid evaluation method can improve analysis efficiency, can accurately evaluate the dosage, and is a rapid and effective method capable of replacing manual DCA to evaluate the dosage. The method and the curve can be potentially applied to a triage mode and can be used as an alternative scheme for manual analysis under a large-scale radioactive event to realize rapid dose evaluation.

Inventors

• MENG QIANQIAN
• YANG YI
• WANG CHAO
• ZHANG RUIFENG
• DONG JUANCONG
• DANG XUHONG
• REN YUE
• ZHANG ZHONGXIN
• ZHANG XIAOQUAN
• GUO YUFENG
• ZHANG TING
• CHENG JIAO
• WU YUCHEN
• YUAN YAYI

Assignees

• 中国辐射防护研究院

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251231

Claims (10)

1. 1. A system for rapid biological dose assessment of a large-scale population of ionizing radiation exposure comprising: the sample processing module is used for preparing blood samples with different radiation doses, culturing the blood samples and preparing chromosome slices to obtain chromosome samples; The distortion analysis module is used for automatically identifying and counting the chromosome distortion of the double-centromere on the chromosome specimen, and manually rechecking the automatic identification result to obtain the frequency data of the double-centromere chromosomes corresponding to different radiation doses; the dose-effect curve establishing module is used for establishing a dose-effect relation model through curve fitting based on the different radiation doses and corresponding double-centromere chromosome frequency data; The dose estimation module is used for receiving the frequency data of the double-centromere chromosome of the blood sample of the individual to be detected after the same treatment, substituting the frequency data into the dose-effect relation model and estimating the radiation biological dose of the blood sample.
2. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the different radiation doses in the sample processing module cover a range of 0 Gy to 5 Gy and include at least dose points of 0.0 Gy, 0.1 Gy, 0.25 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 0.75 Gy, 1.0 Gy, 2.0 Gy, 3.0 Gy, 4.0 Gy, 5.0 Gy.
3. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the sample processing module the dose rate of the different radiation doses is between 0.3 Gy/min and 0.4 Gy/min, preferably 0.353Gy/min.
4. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the distortion analysis module comprises: the automatic scanning unit is used for scanning the chromosome specimen through the chromosome image automatic scanning and analyzing system, and primarily identifying and recording the double-centromere chromosome candidate objects and the total number of analyzed cells; and the manual rechecking unit is used for manually rechecking the initial recognition result of the automatic scanning unit, removing false positive recognition objects and confirming the number of the final double centromere chromosomes.
5. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the false positive recognition object comprises one or more of a contact chromosome, a cross chromosome, a torsion chromosome, a monomer break chromosome, and a misrecognized normal chromosome.
6. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein in the sample processing module, the blood sample is incubated for 48 to 52 hours after irradiation, chromosomes are harvested and flaked.
7. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the curve fitting is a quadratic curve fitting and the established dose-effect relationship model is Y = c + αd + βd 2 , where Y is the number of twin-wire bodies per cell, c is the background level of twin-wire bodies, D is the absorbed dose, gy, α is a first order coefficient, and β is a quadratic coefficient.
8. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the dose estimation module is further configured to perform a statistical uncertainty assessment of the double-centromere chromosome count result to provide a confidence interval for the dose estimation when estimating the biological dose.
9. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the double-centromere chromosome frequency data is calculated by dividing the number of double-centromere chromosomes confirmed by the manual review by the total number of analyzed cells.
10. 10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the functions of the respective modules of the system according to any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Crowd rapid biological dose evaluation system for large-scale ionizing radiation exposure condition Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation evaluation, in particular to a crowd rapid biological dose evaluation system used under the condition of large-scale ionizing radiation exposure. Background With the rapid development of nuclear energy and nuclear technology utilization, the likelihood of massive ionizing radiation exposure increases and radiation dose estimation is of great importance for health risk assessment and treatment planning for overexposed people. Currently, internationally accepted "gold standard" biological dose assessment methods are based on the analysis of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, in particular the detection of the double centromere chromosomal analysis (DICENTRIC CHROMOSOME ASSAY, DCA). The double centromere chromosome is a radiation-induced, highly specific and dose-dependent unstable chromosome aberration with very low spontaneous frequencies in the normal population and is therefore considered as the most reliable biomarker for biological doses. However, conventional methods of double-centromere chromosome analysis have significant limitations in practical applications, particularly in rapid evaluation for large-scale populations, in that, first, the method is highly dependent on manual microscopy by a skilled artisan. The examiner observes, recognizes and counts the double centromere chromosomes cell by cell under a microscope, the process is extremely time consuming, laborious and the analysis throughput is extremely low, and a skilled technician can only analyze tens to hundreds of cells per day. In the face of hundreds or thousands of samples to be tested, conventional manual methods have difficulty meeting the time requirements of rapid response. Secondly, the accuracy and consistency of manual analysis is limited by the experience and subjective judgment of the operator, and missed detection or misjudgment may exist, which affects the accuracy of dose estimation. To improve analysis efficiency, chromosome auto-scanning and image analysis systems (e.g., metafer platforms) have been introduced into this field. Such a system is capable of automatically locating metaphase, acquiring images and utilizing algorithms to initially identify the double-centromere chromosomes. However, the prior art shows that there is a high false positive rate for automated recognition and that the system may misinterpret closely contacted chromosomes, cross-overlapping chromosomes, monomer breaks or other complex conformations as double centromere chromosomes. If the uncorrected automatic counting result is directly used to build a dose-effect curve or evaluate a sample to be tested, systematic deviation of the dose estimation value can occur, and clinical decision can be misled in serious cases. Therefore, how to construct a biological dose evaluation system which not only ensures analysis flux, but also ensures evaluation accuracy, overcomes the contradiction of low manual analysis efficiency and insufficient automatic identification reliability in the prior art, and becomes a technical problem to be solved in the fields of radiation biology and nuclear emergency medicine. The present invention aims to provide an innovative solution to this problem. Disclosure of Invention To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a system for rapid biological dose assessment of large-scale ionizing radiation exposure population, comprising: the sample processing module is used for preparing blood samples with different radiation doses, culturing the blood samples and preparing chromosome slices to obtain chromosome samples; The distortion analysis module is used for automatically identifying and counting the chromosome distortion of the double-centromere on the chromosome specimen, and manually rechecking the automatic identification result to obtain the frequency data of the double-centromere chromosomes corresponding to different radiation doses; the dose-effect curve establishing module is used for establishing a dose-effect relation model through curve fitting based on the different radiation doses and corresponding double-centromere chromosome frequency data; The dose estimation module is used for receiving the frequency data of the double-centromere chromosome of the blood sample of the individual to be detected after the same treatment, substituting the frequency data into the dose-effect relation model and estimating the radiation biological dose of the blood sample. In some preferred embodiments, the different radiation doses in the sample processing module cover a range of 0 Gy to 5 Gy and include at least dose points of 0.0 Gy, 0.1 Gy, 0.25 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 0.75 Gy, 1.0 Gy, 2.0 Gy, 3.0 Gy, 4.0 Gy, 5.0 Gy. In some preferred embodiments, in the sample processing module, the dose rate of the different radiat