CN-121977920-A - Clamping device for universal experiment machine

CN121977920ACN 121977920 ACN121977920 ACN 121977920ACN-121977920-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of universal testing machines, in particular to a clamping device for a universal testing machine. The clamping device comprises a machine body with an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam, wherein the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are respectively provided with a clamp, at least one clamp comprises a shell with an opening at the upper end, a transmission block driven by a lifting mechanism is arranged in the shell, the transmission block is provided with a wedge-shaped groove with the opening at the upper end, two clamping blocks are arranged in the wedge-shaped groove, the left side surface of the left clamping block and the right side surface of the right clamping block are respectively consistent with the inclination angle of the left surface and the right surface of the wedge-shaped groove, the width of the lower bottom of each clamping block is smaller than 1/2 of the width of the lower bottom of the wedge-shaped groove and larger than 1/2 of the width of an upper port of the wedge-shaped groove, two sides of the upper parts of the two clamping blocks are provided with transverse connection structures, the upper ends of the shell are provided with transverse guide grooves, and the outer ends of the transverse connection structures are positioned in the transverse guide grooves and are matched with springs in the transverse guide grooves. The invention realizes the general, efficient and reliable clamping of various samples, and improves the accuracy and repeatability of the test.

Inventors

ZHOU JIAZHENG
WANG YANQING
WANG WENQIANG
WU CHUANWEN
LIU WEI

Assignees

中电装备青岛豪迈钢结构有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251216

Claims (6)

1. The clamping device for the universal experimental machine comprises a machine body, wherein an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam are arranged on the machine body, clamps are respectively arranged on the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, and the clamping device is characterized in that at least one clamp comprises a shell with an upper end and a front opening and a rear opening, a transmission block driven by a lifting mechanism is arranged in the shell, the transmission block is provided with a wedge-shaped groove with the upper end open, the left surface and the right surface of the wedge-shaped groove are inclined planes, the front surface and the rear surface are communicated, two clamping blocks are arranged in the wedge-shaped groove, the left surface of the left clamping block and the right surface of the right clamping block are respectively in inclination angles consistent with the left surface and the right surface of the wedge-shaped groove, the width of the lower bottom of each clamping block is smaller than 1/2 of the width of the lower bottom of the wedge-shaped groove, and is larger than 1/2 of the width of the upper port of the wedge-shaped groove, transverse connecting structures are arranged on two sides of the upper parts of the two clamping blocks, transverse guide grooves are arranged at the upper ends of the shell, and the outer ends of the transverse connecting structures are positioned in the transverse guide grooves and are matched with springs in the transverse guide grooves.
2. The clamping device for the universal testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the two clamping blocks are provided with opposite open mounting grooves on opposite surfaces, elastic pieces protruding relatively are arranged in the mounting grooves, and limiting rings which limit the elastic pieces in the mounting grooves and protrude out of the middle parts are arranged at ports of the mounting grooves.
3. The clamping device for the universal testing machine according to claim 2, wherein the elastic piece comprises a first spring plate and a second spring plate which are identical in arc directions, and the two spring plates are connected through connecting plates at two ends of the two spring plates.
4. The clamping device for a universal testing machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spring constant of the first spring plate located on the inner side is greater than the spring constant of the second spring plate.
5. The clamping device for the universal testing machine according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the left clamping block and the right clamping block are provided with dovetail-shaped guide structures matched with the transmission block on inclined planes matched with the transmission block.
6. The clamping device for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein at least one part of the transmission block is matched with the inner cavity of the shell, and the inner wall of the shell is a guiding structure.

Description

Clamping device for universal experiment machine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of universal testing machines, in particular to a clamping device for a universal testing machine. Background The clamping device of the conventional universal testing machine mostly adopts a symmetrical wedge block structure, and the clamping is realized by means of the self-locking effect generated when the test sample is pulled. The clamping surface of the wedge block is a rigid plane or a cambered surface with fixed curvature, and is in line or point contact with a sample (particularly a thin-diameter steel wire, a thin-wall pipe and the like) usually, so that local pressure is too high, the sample is easy to collapse or clamp and slide, the test precision and safety are seriously affected, in addition, the traditional structure is poor in neutrality, eccentric load is easy to cause, effective adaptation to the size change of the sample is lacking, and the universality is limited. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to design the clamping device of the universal testing machine, which has strong universality and reliable clamping and can be automatically centered. The invention comprises a machine body, wherein an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam are arranged on the machine body, clamps are respectively arranged on the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, at least one clamp comprises a shell with an upper end and a front opening and a rear opening, a transmission block driven by a lifting mechanism is arranged in the shell, the transmission block is provided with a wedge-shaped groove with the upper end and the opening, the left surface and the right surface of the wedge-shaped groove are inclined planes, the front surface and the rear surface are communicated, two clamping blocks are arranged in the wedge-shaped groove, the left side surface of the left clamping block and the right side surface of the right clamping block are respectively in an inclined angle consistent with the left surface and the right surface of the wedge-shaped groove, the width of the lower bottom of each clamping block is smaller than 1/2 of the width of the lower bottom of the wedge-shaped groove and is larger than 1/2 of the width of the upper port of the wedge-shaped groove, transverse connecting structures are arranged at two sides of the upper parts of the two clamping blocks, the upper ends of the shell are provided with transverse guide grooves, and the outer ends of the transverse connecting structures are positioned in the transverse guide grooves and are matched with springs in the transverse guide grooves. Further, the opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks are provided with opposite opening mounting grooves, elastic pieces which protrude relatively are arranged in the mounting grooves, and the ports of the mounting grooves are provided with limiting rings which limit the elastic pieces in the mounting grooves and protrude out from the middle parts. Further, the elastic piece comprises a first spring plate and a second spring plate which are consistent in arc directions, and the two spring plates are connected through connecting plates at two ends of the spring plates. Further, the spring constant of the first spring plate located on the inner side is larger than that of the second spring plate. Further, the left clamping block and the right clamping block are provided with dovetail-shaped guide structures matched with the transmission block on inclined planes matched with the transmission block. Further, at least a portion of the drive block is adapted to the interior cavity of the housing, the interior wall of the housing being a guide structure thereof. The invention has the beneficial effects that: According to the invention, the elastic piece arranged on the clamping block can adapt to samples with different sizes and shapes, so that the contact area is effectively increased, the pressure is uniformly distributed, the surface crushing and clamping sliding of the samples are avoided, the accurate centering is automatically realized, and the eccentric load is eliminated. The cooperation of transverse connection structure and the transverse guide groove on grip block upper portion has ensured the dynamic stability of centre gripping process, and the multiple accurate guide structure between drive block and casing, the grip block has then strengthened the device rigidity, has guaranteed the perpendicular transmission and the motion accuracy of load. Then, the device has realized the general, high-efficient and reliable centre gripping to multiple sample, has promoted the accuracy and the repeatability of test. Drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front view partially in section of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A (clamp block closed state); FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A (clamp block open state); FIG. 4 is a cro