CN-121977980-A - River sand content monitoring system for multi-sand coarse sand area

CN121977980ACN 121977980 ACN121977980 ACN 121977980ACN-121977980-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of river sediment monitoring, in particular to a river sediment content monitoring system of a multi-sediment coarse sediment area, which aims to solve the problems that sediment content monitoring deviation is large due to sedimentation shielding of coarse particles in the river sediment area and long-term abrasion of a sensor, a traditional method does not cooperatively process double interference, a penetrating signal and a coarse particle sedimentation characteristic signal are synchronously acquired through double-frequency-band ultrasonic waves, the penetrating signal and the coarse particle sedimentation characteristic signal are transmitted after time synchronization, a dynamic particle size inversion unit inverts coarse particle distribution proportion according to signal attenuation rate, shielding virtual contribution is removed through an interference compensation algorithm, a sediment content correction value is output, a sensor abrasion compensation unit determines attenuation correction coefficient through piezoelectric ceramic vibrating reed resonance frequency deviation, abrasion compensation is carried out on the correction value, and accurate sediment content data is finally output through data quality verification, temperature compensation and dimension normalization processing, double influences of coarse particle shielding and equipment abrasion are effectively eliminated, and river sediment content monitoring precision of the multi-sediment area is improved.

Inventors

LUO JIAN
YU RUIHONG
MIAO PING
WU HAIXIA
QU SHEN
GUO JINMEI
MA HONGLI
WEI JUNYAN

Assignees

内蒙古大学
鄂尔多斯市河湖保护中心
内蒙古自治区水利水电勘测设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. River sand content monitoring system in coarse sand area of many sand, its characterized in that includes: At least three groups of ultrasonic transmitters and receivers are arranged on the river cross section of the ultrasonic signal acquisition unit (1), wherein the low-frequency ultrasonic transmitters acquire penetration signals, and the high-frequency ultrasonic transmitters acquire characteristic signals reflecting the instantaneous sedimentation of coarse particles; The dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) identifies the sedimentation velocity of coarse particles with the particle size larger than the preset particle size based on the change rate of the characteristic signals, inverts the distribution proportion of the coarse particles according to the corresponding relation between the sedimentation velocity and the particle size of the particles, combines the distribution proportion of the coarse particles with the amplitude value of the penetrating signals, and calculates a sand content correction value through a coarse particle interference compensation algorithm for real-time inversion from sedimentation dynamics to particle size distribution; a sensor abrasion compensation unit (3) integrates a piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece on the surface of an ultrasonic receiver, determines an ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value by detecting the resonant frequency offset of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece, multiplies the sand content correction value by the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value, and outputs an abrasion compensated sand content value.
2. The system for monitoring the river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 1, wherein in the ultrasonic signal acquisition unit (1), a low-frequency ultrasonic transmitter transmits a first ultrasonic pulse sequence to a water body in a preset first frequency band, a receiver acquires a first echo signal after the first ultrasonic pulse sequence penetrates through a high-concentration mud sand layer, the first echo signal contains the information of the overall concentration of the mud sand, a high-frequency ultrasonic transmitter transmits a second ultrasonic pulse sequence to the same section in a preset second frequency band, the receiver captures a second echo signal of the second ultrasonic pulse sequence, the second echo signal is influenced by the instantaneous sedimentation of coarse particles, the amplitude attenuation characteristic of the second echo signal reflects the sedimentation dynamic of the coarse particles, and the first echo signal and the second echo signal are transmitted to the dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) after time synchronization.
3. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 2, wherein the dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) identifies coarse particle sedimentation velocity by calculating amplitude variation in unit time based on the amplitude attenuation rate of the second echo signal in a continuous time window, and specifically comprises: And acquiring an amplitude difference value of the second echo signal in an adjacent sampling period, defining a ratio of the amplitude difference value to a time interval as an instantaneous attenuation rate, and matching a coarse particle sedimentation velocity actual measurement value under the current water flow condition according to a preset mapping relation between the instantaneous attenuation rate and the sedimentation velocity, wherein the sedimentation velocity actual measurement value is used as a basic input of particle size inversion.
4. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 3, wherein the dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) is used for inverting a coarse particle distribution ratio according to an actual measurement value of the coarse particle sedimentation velocity, calling a prestored sedimentation velocity and particle size classification comparison table, determining a preset particle size interval to which the coarse particle sedimentation velocity belongs, calculating the current coarse particle duty ratio in total sediment by combining historical particle size distribution data based on a weight coefficient corresponding to the preset particle size interval, and outputting the coarse particle distribution ratio to an interference compensation calculation link after eliminating an abnormal disturbance value in a high-frequency signal.
5. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 4, wherein when the dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) combines the coarse particle distribution ratio with the amplitude value of the first echo signal, the amplitude value is firstly converted into a penetrating signal strength reference value under a standard dimension, coarse particle interference factors are introduced to correct the penetrating signal strength reference value, the interference factors are generated by multiplying the coarse particle distribution ratio by a preset shielding effect coefficient, and the corrected penetrating signal strength is defined as an effective amplitude value for subsequent sand content correction calculation.
6. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 5, wherein when the dynamic particle size inversion unit (2) calculates a sand content correction value through a coarse particle interference compensation algorithm, an effective amplitude value is input into a preset concentration conversion model, the concentration conversion model comprises correlation parameters of sediment density and ultrasonic propagation characteristics, the concentration conversion model parameters are adjusted according to current water temperature and pressure data, an initial sand content estimation value is output, virtual contribution quantity corresponding to coarse particle distribution proportion is subtracted from the initial sand content estimation value, and the sand content correction value is generated and transmitted to the sensor abrasion compensation unit (3).
7. The system for monitoring river sand content in a coarse sand area with multiple sand according to claim 1, wherein the sensor abrasion compensation unit (3) establishes a reference resonance frequency in an unworn state when detecting the resonance frequency offset of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece to determine an ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value, collects the actual resonance frequency measurement value of the vibrating piece in real time when the vibrating piece works, calculates the absolute difference value of the reference resonance frequency and the actual resonance frequency measurement value, matches the corresponding attenuation coefficient correction value according to a preset offset interval to which the absolute difference value belongs, and decreases with the increase of the offset.
8. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 7, wherein the sensor abrasion compensation unit (3) multiplies the sand content correction value by an ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value, reads the sand content correction value first when outputting an abrasion-compensated sand content value, calls the currently-matched attenuation coefficient correction value, performs scalar multiplication operation on the sand content correction value and the attenuation coefficient correction value to obtain a product result, performs dimension normalization processing on the product result, and outputs the abrasion-compensated sand content value with a physical unit.
9. The method for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 8, wherein the step of adding data quality check after reading the sand content correction value when scalar multiplication is performed on the sand content correction value and the attenuation coefficient correction value comprises the following steps: And constructing a confidence interval based on the historical sand content data sequence, starting an abnormal filtering mechanism if the current sand content correction value exceeds the upper limit of the confidence interval, reconstructing an effective correction value by adopting a sliding median filtering algorithm, synchronously detecting the temperature drift amount of the piezoelectric ceramic vibration piece when the attenuation coefficient correction value is called, carrying out secondary calibration on the attenuation coefficient correction value by a pre-calibrated temperature compensation curve, inputting the calibrated attenuation coefficient correction value and the effective correction value into a multiplier, and eliminating accumulated rounding errors by adopting double-precision floating point operation.
10. The system for monitoring river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area according to claim 8, wherein the dimension normalization process comprises a dynamic dimension conversion coefficient generation mechanism, and specifically comprises the following steps: Establishing a mapping relation library of the physical units of the sand content and the digital signals, matching an optimal conversion coefficient according to the numerical magnitude of the product result, performing cross-source verification on the normalized sand content value after abrasion compensation, comparing the abrasion compensation sand content value with the deviation rate of the original reading of the turbidity sensor in real time, triggering a recalculation instruction if the deviation rate exceeds a preset tolerance threshold, and finally outputting a quaternary group which adopts a structured data packaging format and comprises a timestamp, an abrasion grade identifier, the normalized sand content value and a deviation verification state and is transmitted to a downstream system through a standard industrial interface.

Description

River sand content monitoring system for multi-sand coarse sand area Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of river sediment monitoring, in particular to a river sediment content monitoring system in a sandy coarse sand area. Background River sediment monitoring is an important technology, and is particularly applied to accurate monitoring links of sediment content and coarse sediment accumulation risk of a river in a coarse sediment area, the core is that the sediment content monitoring precision is improved through multidimensional interference compensation, the core requirements of water and sediment management and risk early warning are met in a fine sediment project, in the river in the coarse sediment area, coarse particle sediment is high in proportion and easy to instantaneously settle, obvious shielding interference can be formed on monitoring signals, meanwhile, monitoring equipment works in a high-abrasion water environment for a long time and is easy to wear, signal attenuation deviation is caused, the factors can directly influence the accuracy of sediment content monitoring, and the dual influence caused by coarse particle sedimentation shielding and equipment abrasion cannot be effectively cooperatively treated in a traditional monitoring mode, so that the deviation between monitoring data and actual sediment content is large, and in order to solve the technical problem, the river sediment content monitoring system for the coarse sediment area is provided. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a river sand content monitoring system for a multi-sand coarse sand area, so as to solve the problems in the background technology. To achieve the above object, there is provided a system for monitoring river sand content in a sandy and coarse sand area, comprising: The ultrasonic signal acquisition unit is used for arranging at least three groups of ultrasonic transmitters and receivers on the river cross section, wherein the low-frequency ultrasonic transmitters acquire penetrating signals, and the high-frequency ultrasonic transmitters acquire characteristic signals reflecting the instantaneous sedimentation of coarse particles; the dynamic particle size inversion unit identifies the sedimentation velocity of coarse particles with the particle size larger than the preset particle size based on the change rate of the characteristic signals, inverts the distribution proportion of the coarse particles according to the corresponding relation between the sedimentation velocity and the particle size of the particles, combines the distribution proportion of the coarse particles with the amplitude value of the penetrating signals, and calculates a sand content correction value through a coarse particle interference compensation algorithm for real-time inversion from sedimentation dynamic to particle size distribution; The sensor abrasion compensation unit integrates a piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece on the surface of the ultrasonic receiver, determines an ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value by detecting the resonance frequency offset of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece, multiplies the sand content correction value by the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value, and outputs an abrasion compensated sand content value. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: According to the invention, through dual-band synchronous acquisition of the penetrating signal and the coarse particle sedimentation characteristic signal, a data foundation is laid for accurate monitoring, the coarse particle sedimentation speed is identified based on the characteristic signal attenuation rate, the sand content correction value is generated through the interference compensation algorithm after inversion of the distribution proportion, coarse particle shielding interference is effectively eliminated, deviation compensation caused by equipment abrasion is realized by means of the resonance frequency deviation of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating piece and matching of the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient correction value, finally multi-source monitoring data are integrated, a sand content thermodynamic diagram is generated through weighted fusion and spatial interpolation, and accurate monitoring of the river sand content in a multi-sand coarse sand area is realized. Drawings Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention. The meaning of each reference sign in the figure is: 1. An ultrasonic signal acquisition unit, a dynamic particle size inversion unit and a sensor abrasion compensation unit. Detailed Description The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodi