CN-121978165-A - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for evaluating heat storage efficiency of building envelope

CN121978165ACN 121978165 ACN121978165 ACN 121978165ACN-121978165-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building thermal engineering, solves the problems of inaccurate and incomplete evaluation of heat storage performance of an enclosure structure and poor environmental adaptability in the prior art, and prepares a target test piece containing functional materials by providing an enclosure structure heat storage efficiency evaluation method, an enclosure structure heat storage efficiency evaluation device, an enclosure structure heat storage efficiency evaluation equipment and a storage medium; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a temperature interval experiment of cross characteristic change by utilizing a dynamic hot and humid weather wind tunnel to obtain nonlinear thermal response data, constructing an enthalpy discrete numerical model, carrying out parameter inversion by taking the minimum root mean square error of theoretical surface heat flow and actual measured heat flow as a target to obtain a thermophysical parameter and an effective specific heat capacity curve, constructing a thermal network model based on inversion parameters, simulating time-by-time heat flow of each node of a test piece, and calculating to obtain a multi-dimensional heat storage efficiency evaluation index of the enclosure structure. The invention couples the high-precision wind tunnel experiment, the nonlinear heat transfer model and the inversion algorithm, precisely quantifies the dynamic heat storage performance of the enclosure structure, and provides a precise and practical solution for evaluating the heat storage efficiency of the functional enclosure structure.

Inventors

LI LINGLING
WANG JUNSONG
LI XINYAN
MENG QINGLIN

Assignees

华南理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. The method for evaluating the heat storage efficiency of the enclosure structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preparing a target test piece based on the enclosure structure to be tested; Performing a cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment on the target test piece by using a preset dynamic working condition aiming at the target test piece, and acquiring nonlinear thermal response data of the target test piece in an experiment process, wherein the nonlinear thermal response data comprises actual measurement surface heat flow; Constructing an enthalpy discrete numerical model aiming at the target test piece, and constructing a parameter inversion optimization problem by taking root mean square error between theoretical surface heat flow and actually measured surface heat flow calculated by the enthalpy discrete numerical model as a target; Solving the parameter inversion optimization problem, inverting to obtain target thermophysical parameters and effective specific heat capacity data, and processing the target thermophysical parameters and the effective specific heat capacity data by using a preset thermal network model so as to simulate time-by-time heat flow data of each node of the target test piece; and calculating to obtain a multi-dimensional heat accumulation efficiency evaluation index aiming at the to-be-detected building envelope based on the time-by-time heat flow data of each node of the target test piece.
2. The method for evaluating the heat storage efficiency of the enclosure structure according to claim 1, wherein the enclosure structure to be tested comprises a functional material layer, and the preparing the target test piece based on the enclosure structure to be tested comprises the following steps: preparing a composite enclosure structure test piece comprising a functional material layer, and embedding radiation sensors in the inner surface and the outer surface of the composite enclosure structure test piece and the inner part of the composite enclosure structure test piece to prepare the target test piece; And determining the suspension height of the radiation sensor according to the angle coefficient of the light sensitive surface of the radiation sensor and the surface of the target test piece so as to ensure that the radiation received by the radiation sensor is from the surface of the target test piece.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing a cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment on the target test piece by using a preset dynamic working condition for the target test piece and acquiring nonlinear thermal response data of the target test piece in an experimental process comprises: Constructing a dynamic hot and humid weather wind tunnel experiment platform, and carrying out the cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment on the target test piece according to the preset dynamic working condition; And in the preset dynamic working condition, the air temperature change comprises a linear change waveform, a sine waveform or a dynamic change based on actual meteorological data, and the range of the air temperature change covers and exceeds the characteristic change temperature interval of the to-be-detected enclosure structure.
4. The method for evaluating heat storage efficiency of an enclosure structure according to claim 1, wherein the constructing an enthalpy discrete numerical model for the target test piece and constructing a parameter inversion optimization problem with a root mean square error between a theoretical surface heat flow and an actually measured surface heat flow calculated by the enthalpy discrete numerical model as a target includes: discretizing the target test piece into a plurality of control body nodes along the thickness direction; for each control body node, establishing a discretized energy control equation based on an energy conservation principle, wherein the energy control equation represents the relation between the change rate of specific enthalpy of the corresponding control body node along with time and heat conduction heat flow between adjacent control body nodes; Correlating the specific enthalpy of each control body node with the temperature by using a preset piecewise function, wherein the preset piecewise function represents the nonlinear change characteristic of the specific enthalpy along with the temperature in a characteristic change temperature interval of the enclosure structure to be tested; and constructing and obtaining the enthalpy discrete numerical model based on the energy control equation and the preset piecewise function.
5. The method for evaluating heat storage efficiency of an enclosure structure according to claim 1, further comprising: Constructing the thermal network model aiming at the target test piece, determining a convection heat exchange boundary condition and a radiation heat exchange boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece, and determining a convection heat exchange boundary condition of the inner surface of the target test piece; the convective heat transfer boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece is determined based on a convective heat transfer coefficient obtained by calculating the convective heat transfer quantity and the outer surface temperature difference of the target test piece in the process of the cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment; The radiation heat exchange boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece is determined based on a long-wave radiation heat exchange coefficient obtained by calculating the temperature difference between the radiation heat flow and the outer surface of the target test piece in the process of the cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment; And determining the convection heat exchange boundary condition of the inner surface of the target test piece according to the preset indoor air temperature and the convection heat exchange coefficient of the inner surface of the target test piece.
6. The method of evaluating thermal storage efficiency of an enclosure structure according to claim 5, wherein the constructing the thermal network model for the target test piece comprises: discretizing the target test piece into a plurality of nodes along the thickness direction, wherein each node represents a control body with concentrated heat capacity; Respectively endowing thermophysical parameters according to the material type of each node to establish a heat conduction relation of each node, wherein the specific heat capacity of the node is described by adopting a nonlinear function of the effective specific heat capacity data along with the temperature change; And based on the heat conduction relation of each node, establishing heat resistance and coupling heat capacity characteristics of connecting adjacent nodes, establishing heat capacity elements of each node, and constructing and obtaining the thermal network model based on a plurality of heat capacity elements.
7. The method of evaluating heat storage efficiency of an enclosure structure according to claim 5, further comprising, after the constructing the thermal network model for the target test piece: inputting typical meteorological year data into the thermal network model to drive dynamic heat transfer simulation of the thermal network model under typical meteorological conditions; Determining a solar radiation heating boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece, wherein the solar radiation heating boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece is determined according to the time-by-time solar radiation illuminance in the typical meteorological year data and the absorptivity of the outer surface of the target test piece to solar radiation; The convective heat transfer boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece is also determined based on the time-by-time wind speed and the air temperature parameter in the typical meteorological year data; the radiation heat exchange boundary condition of the outer surface of the target test piece is also determined based on the sky effective temperature parameter in the typical meteorological year data.
8. An enclosure heat storage efficiency evaluation device, for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: The experimental test module is used for preparing a target test piece based on the to-be-tested building envelope, performing a cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment on the target test piece by utilizing a preset dynamic working condition aiming at the target test piece, and acquiring nonlinear thermal response data of the target test piece in an experimental process, wherein the nonlinear thermal response data comprises actual measurement surface heat flow; The simulation calculation module is used for constructing an enthalpy discrete numerical model aiming at the target test piece, and constructing a parameter inversion optimization problem by taking root mean square error between theoretical surface heat flow and actually measured surface heat flow calculated by the enthalpy discrete numerical model as a target; The simulation calculation module is further used for solving the parameter inversion optimization problem, inverting to obtain target thermophysical parameters and effective specific heat capacity data, and processing the target thermophysical parameters and the effective specific heat capacity data by using a preset thermal network model so as to simulate time-by-time heat flow data of each node of the target test piece; And the efficiency evaluation module is used for calculating and obtaining a multi-dimensional heat accumulation efficiency evaluation index aiming at the to-be-tested building envelope based on the time-by-time heat flow data of each node of the target test piece.
9. An electronic device comprising at least one processor, at least one memory, and computer program instructions stored in the memory, which when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-7.

Description

Method, device, equipment and storage medium for evaluating heat storage efficiency of building envelope Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of building thermal engineering, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for evaluating heat storage efficiency of an enclosure structure. Background With the development of energy-saving technology of buildings, composite enclosure structures containing functional materials such as phase change materials (PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL, PCM) are receiving attention due to excellent heat storage and temperature regulation performances. However, most of the existing building thermal performance evaluation methods are based on static or linear assumptions, and it is difficult to accurately reflect nonlinear thermal property changes of the functional composite enclosure structure in a characteristic change temperature range. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN110470693a discloses a method for comparing and characterizing the temperature regulation performance of phase change materials, in which a sample to be tested and a reference substance are respectively placed in two identical closed test boxes, placed in the same environment to raise or lower the temperature, and the temperature regulation performance of the phase change materials is qualitatively characterized by comparing the temperature change curves of the two boxes. The method can intuitively display the temperature regulating effect of the phase change material through a simple comparison experiment, and has the advantage of simplicity and convenience in operation. However, the method can only provide qualitative or semi-quantitative comparison conclusion, cannot output quantitative indexes such as daytime dynamic heat storage capacity, latent heat utilization efficiency and the like, and is difficult to be directly used for accurate calculation and design optimization of building energy consumption. Based on simple air temperature comparison, the nonlinear behavior that the heat capacity of the functional material is mutated tens times in the characteristic change interval cannot be processed, and the influence of the material layer sequence change on the heat storage effect cannot be reflected. In addition, the method can only test in a single heating or cooling environment, and cannot reproduce the dynamic boundary of multi-parameter coupling under the real climate condition, so that the environment suitability is poor. Therefore, a quantitative evaluation method capable of accurately identifying nonlinear thermophysical properties of an enclosure structure and comprehensively evaluating heat storage efficiency of the enclosure structure in a dynamic environment is needed. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for evaluating heat storage efficiency of an enclosure structure, which are used to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately describe a nonlinear change of heat capacity of a composite enclosure structure, and has single evaluation dimension and poor environmental suitability. According to the method, a target test piece is prepared based on an enclosure structure to be tested, a cross-characteristic change temperature interval experiment is conducted on the target test piece by means of a preset dynamic working condition aiming at the target test piece, nonlinear thermal response data of the target test piece in an experimental process are obtained, the nonlinear thermal response data comprise actual measurement surface heat flow, an enthalpy discrete numerical model is built for the target test piece, root mean square error between theoretical surface heat flow and actual measurement surface heat flow calculated by the enthalpy discrete numerical model is minimized as a target, a parameter inversion optimization problem is built, the parameter inversion optimization problem is solved, inversion is conducted to obtain target thermophysical parameters and effective specific heat capacity data, the target thermophysical parameters and the effective specific heat capacity data are processed by means of a preset thermal network model, time-by-time heat flow data of all nodes of the target test piece are simulated, and multi-dimensional heat storage efficiency evaluation indexes aiming at the enclosure structure to be tested are calculated and obtained based on the time-by heat flow data of all nodes of the target test piece. The method comprises the steps of preparing a composite building support test piece comprising a functional material layer, embedding radiation sensors in the inner surface and the outer surface of the composite building support test piece to prepare the target test piece, and determining the hanging height of the radiation sensors according to the angle coefficients of the light sensitive surface of the r